اثر زمان جابجایی نشاء برعملکرد واجزای عملکرد ارقام ذرت دانه¬ای در کرمانشاه
محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي
فرهاد صادقی
1
(استادیار اصلاح نباتات، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش گشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه.، ایران.)
کلید واژه: : ذرت دانه¬ای, عملکرد دانه, نشاء¬کاری, رقم,
چکیده مقاله :
به¬منظور کاهش مصرف آب در مزارع ذرت دانه¬ای، افزایش تولید و حفظ سطح زیرکشت ذرت، این پروژه به-صورت کرت¬های خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوک¬های کامل تصادفی در ایستگاه ماهیدشت در سال 1396 انجام شد. کرت¬های اصلی شامل ارقام KSC 260، KSC 400 و KSC 704 و کرت¬های فرعی نیز نشاء¬های با طول عمر دو، سه، چهار و پنج هفته همراه با کشت مستقیم بذر ارقام یاد شده بود. صفات زراعی ارتفاع بوته و بلال، قطرساقه، تعداد روز تا ظهور دانه گرده و گل ابريشمي، تعداد روز تا رسیدن فیزیولوژی، تعداد رديف دانه و دانه در رديف بلال، وزن هزار دانه، درصد چوب بلال، رطوبت دانه و عملكرد دانه اندازه¬گیری و برآورد شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه به هیبریدهای KSC 704 و KSC 400 به¬ترتیب برابر با 10330 و 9506 کیلوگرم در هکتار تعلق گرفت. رقم زودرس KSC 260با 7784 کیلوگرم در هکتار کمترین تولید دانه را داشت. متوسط عملکرد ارقام برای نشاءهای با سن سه هفته یا 21 روزه برابر با 3/8 تن در هکتار بود. بیشترین محصول دانه به تیمار KSC 704 در زمان انتقال دو هفته¬ای ذرت با عملکرد دانه 11640 کیلوگرم در هکتار تعلق گرفت. کمترین عملکرد دانه نیز به سه رقم مورد بررسی در زمان انتقال نشاءها با سن پنج هفته¬ای با 6597 کیلوگرم در هکتار تعلق گرفت. مناسب¬ترین زمان انتقال نشاء ذرت، نشاء¬های با طول عمر سه هفته¬ یا 21 روزه که از10 روز زودرسی و بیشترین عملکرد دانه برخوردار بودند.
To reduce water consumption in corn fields, and increase production and maintain the corn crop area of the province, a project was conducted as split-plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of cultivars and subplots in different times on transplantation with direct seed culture of these cultivars. Agronomic traits were measured including plant height, ear height, stem diameter, number of days to emergence of pollen and silk tasseled , number of days to reaching physiology, number of rows of seeds and seeds per row, 1000 seed weight, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. The results showed that the grain yield of KSC 704 and KSC 400 was 10330 and 9506, respectively, and the yield of KSC 260 was 7784 kg / ha. The highest grain yield was obtained from KSC 704, the two-week of transplanting corn seedling with 11640 kg/ha-1 . The average yield of cultivars × five weeks of seedling transplantation with 6597 kg/ ha -1 , which showed the most suitable transfer time of maize transplant was 3 weeks age or 21 days, which were 10 days earlier and had the highest grain yield and therefore are recommended.
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