تاثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد کمی وکیفی و تعیین خصوصیات مرفولوژیک سورگوم علوفه¬ای

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

عبدالحسین آبروش ¹ (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد دزفول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي ، دزفول – ايران. )

تاریخ دریافت : 1393/10/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/12/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/03/23

کلید واژه: : کم آبیاری, نیتروژن, سورگوم علوفه‌ای,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی تاثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و همچنین کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی سورگوم علوفه¬ای آزمایشی به روش کرت‌های یک‌بار خرد شده در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار و با سه سطح 75، 85 و 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و چهار سطح 0 ، 100، 200 و 300 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در کرت‌های فرعی به اجرا درآمد. نوع سورگوم استفاده شده در این آزمایش هیبرید اسپیدفید بود. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که روند تغییرات عملکرد علوفه¬ تر، وزن ماده خشک، شاخص سطح برگ، درصد پروتئین برگ، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد برگ گیاه با افزایش تنش رطوبتی کاهش یافت و بالاترین عملکرد علوفه ‌تر به ‌میزان 3/160 و علوفه خشک به‌ میزان 9/34 تن در هکتار به ترتیب در تیمار 100% و 85% نیاز آبی گياه و کم‌ترین عملکرد علوفه تر به‌ میزان 2/124 و همچنین علوفه خشک به مقدار 8/29 تن در هکتار در هکتار با تأمین 75% نیاز آبی گیاه بدست آمد. همچنین در مورد صفات ذکر شده فوق در سطوح مختلف نیتروژن با کاهش مصرف نیتروژن شاخص¬های مورد اشاره روند کاهشی از خود نشان دادند. از نظر سطوح نیتروژن بالاترین عملکرد علوفه تر به ‌میزان 8/161 و 1/36 تن در هکتار علوفه خشک در مصرف 300 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص به‌دست آمد و کمترین عملکرد علوفه تر به‌میزان 7/128 و علوفه خشک به‌ میزان 7/28 تن در هکتار در تیمار شاهد بدون مصرف کود نیتروژن حاصل شد ولی از نظر اثرات متقابل صفات مورد بررسي در هیچ یک از صفات تأثیر معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract In order to survey the influence of nitrogen fertilizer and different levels of irrigation on qualitative and quantitative yield of forage sorghum ( speed feed variety ) an experiment in split plot in randomized complete block design in four replications was carried out which had three levels of 75, 85, and 100% plant water requirement as to main plot; and sub-plot included 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha of nitrogen. Results showed decrease in the change of wet forage yield, dry matter weight, leaf area index, leaf protein percent, plant height and leaf number which was due to the increasing water deficit and decreasing nitrogen fertilizer in plant. The highest wet forage yield and dry forage obtained 160.3, 34.9 ton/ha in 100% and 85% plant water requirement respectively. It can be said that according to nitrogen fertilizer different levels obtained the highest wet forage yield was 161.8 ton/ha and dry forage was 300 kg pure nitrogen and the lowest wet forage yield 128.7 and 28.7 ton/ha in control treatment was obtained without using the nitrogen fertilizer. But from the view point of interaction effects of the studied cases, no significant effect was observed.

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