اثر تنش خشکی و محلول پاشی ریز مغذی‌ها روی رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در گیاه سیاه دانه (Nigella sativa L.)
محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي
علی اکبر عاملی
1
(مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان شمال)
کلید واژه: دور آبیاری, ریزمغذی, سیاه دانه, عملکرد دانه, محلول پاشی.,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی تاثیر تنش خشکی و محلول پاشی ریز مغذی‌ها بر رشد، عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد گیاه سیاه دانه آزمایشی در سال 1388 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان شمالی واقع در شهرستان بجنورد انجام شد.آزمایش بصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد.عامل اصلی دور آبیاری شامل سه سطح 1 I = هفت، 2I = چهارده و3 I = بیست و یک روز و عامل فرعی محلول پاشی عناصر ریز مغذی ها شامل1 M= شاهد (عدم محلول پاشی)،2 M= محلول پاشی با روی با غلظت سه در هزار، 3M = محلول پاشی با بر با غلظت دو در هزار،4 M= محلول پاشی با آهن با غلظت چهار در هزار و5 M= محلول پاشی با مخلوط عناصر فوق بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تاثیر دور آبیاری بر ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد شاخه های فرعی، تعداد کپسول در بوته، عملکرد بیولوژیک تعداد دانه در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت معنی دار بود و با افزایش طول دوره آبیاری صفات مورد بررسی کاهش یافت. اثر محلول پاشی عناصر ریز مغذی صفات مورد بررسی شامل تعداد دانه در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت، معنی دار بود. اثر متقابل دور آبیاری و محلول پاشی عناصر غذایی بر عملکرد دانه معنی دار بود.بیشترین عملکرد دانه از تیمار دور آبیاری هفت روز با محلول پاشی مخلوط عناصر ریزمغذی بدست آمد.
In order to survey the effects of irrigation and foliar application of micronutrients on vegetative growth, yield and yield components black cumin ( Nigella sativa L. ), an experimental design was conducted in the research farm of North Khorasan agricultural and natural resources research center in Bojnourd in 2009. Experimental design was split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factors were irrigation intervals in three levels ( I1=7, I2= 14, I3=21 days ) and subfactors were foliar application micronutrients included M1 = control ( no foliar application ), M2= foliar application with the zinc ( concentration of three parts per thousand ), M3 = foliar application with the Boron ( concentration of two parts per thousand ), M4 = foliar application with the iron ( concentration of four parts per thousand ), and M5 foliar application with the mixture of above elements. Experiment results showed that the impact of irrigation intervals on plant height, branch number, number of capsules per plant, biological yield and seed number per plant , seeds per capsule, seed weight, harvest index percentage, and seed yield, was significant and decreased with increasing irrigation intervals. The effects of foliar application of micronutrients on plant height, branch number, number of capsules per plant, biological yield, and Fe, Zn, and Br concentration in plant organs was significant. Foliar application of micronutrients caused plant height, branch number, number of capsules per plant, biological yield and Fe, Zn, and Br concentration in plant to be increased. Foliar application of micronutrient and irrigation interaction on plant height and biological yield were noticeable. Seven days irrigation intervals and foliar application, the mixture of micronutrient treatment caused the highest plant height, biological yield and Fe, Zn, and Br concentration in plant organs.
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