تبیین مدل جامع‌نگر ابعاد کیفیت زندگی در محیط‌های سکونتی به‌منظور سیاست‌گذاری‌های کلان منطقه ای

محورهای موضوعی : معماری

محمد صادق طاهر طلوع دل ¹ , امید حیدری پور ²

1 - دانشیار عضو گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشجوی دکترای معماری دانشکده مهندسی معماری، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/04/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/07/01

کلید واژه: بعد ذهنی, بعد رفتاری, محیط سکونتی, کیفیت زندگی, شاخص‌ها, بعد عینی,

چکیده مقاله :

مدل کیفیت زندگی به دلیل ساختار چندبعدی آن، دارای پیچیدگی و ابهام بوده و به دلیل تنوع تعاریف، ابعاد، مقیاس‌ها و شاخص‌های مطرح‌شده در بین اندیشمندان، به‌منظور استفاده در سیاست‌گذاری‌های کلان، نیاز به بازشناسی دارد. هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل محتوای اسنادی ادبیات موضوعی کیفیت زندگی با رویکرد تبیین ساختار کلی آن می‌باشد. روش تحقیق این پژوهش، با رویکردی کمی-کیفی و جامع‌نگر، با جامعه آماری پژوهش‌های انجام‌شده در موضوع کیفیت زندگی و نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند و با ساختار گلوله برفی تا حد اشباع نظری انجام‌شده است. به طور کلی 160 پژوهش، براساس شاخص های مطرح شده، مورد تحلیل محتوا قرارگرفته است. بر اساس یافته‌ها، می‌توان دریافت که شاخص‌های کیفیت زندگی در سه رویکرد اصلی عینی، ذهنی و رفتاری و به‌طور مسجل حاصل از 7 بعد کالبدی، اجتماعی، خدماتی، اقتصادی، محیطی، فرهنگی و شخصی با ارزش‌های متنوع می‌باشند. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته‌ها نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود که در سیاست‌گذاری‌های کلان، الگوهای جاری رفتار، برابر با استانداردهای عینی و ذهنیت مخاطب، بسیار بیشتر از وجود استانداردهای عینی باید موردتوجه قرار گیرند و تأمین این دو گروه از شاخص‌ها علی‌رغم عدم تأمین شاخص‌های عینی می‌تواند به سازگاری مخاطب با محیط منجر شود. همچنین شاخص‌های شخصی در پژوهش‌های انجام‌شده، دارای بیشترین وزن و شاخص‌های کالبدی دارای بیشترین فراوانی و کمترین وزن می‌باشد و توجه ویژه به آن‌ها در برنامه‌ریزی‌های کلان، باید در اولویت قرار گیرد. درنهایت، به‌منظور مدل جامع‌نگر کیفیت زندگی با ارائه ضریب اهمیت هرکدام از ابعاد برای اولویت‌بندی برنامه‌ها ارائه می‌شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Because of its multidimensional structure, the quality of life model is complex and ambiguous And it needs to be recognized because of the variety of definitions, dimensions, scales and indicators proposed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is a holistic analysis based on researches in the field of quality of life. Holistic approach of research is qualitative- quantitive and The research method of this study is a documentary content analysis based on quality of life thematic literature. The statistical population of this study is research on quality of life with residential and urban approaches at all levels. The overall statistical focus of the research is on the four areas of definitions, dimensions, scales and indicators proposed in research from about 1900 to 2018. For this purpose, the purposeful sampling with snowball structure is to the theoretical saturation of the data obtained in these four areas. content analysis has been analyzed. The findings are presented as descriptive statistics and analytical statistics. Analytical statistics based on the correlation, regression and shannon entropy tests are presented. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that quality of life indices can be classified into three main objective, subjective and behavioral approaches. It can also be concluded that quality of life is a multidimensional concept derived from the seven physical, social, service, economic, environmental, cultural and personal dimensions. Meanwhile, personal characteristics have the highest appearance and physical indices have the highest frequency and least weight. Although most of the weight is related to personal indicators, the highest upward trend has been related to economic indicators. Finally, based on the obtained results, the holistic model of quality of life indicators with a similar structure to snowflakes is explained.

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