اثرات غلظت‌های زیر کشنده قارچBeauveria bassiana بر پتانسیلتولید مثل شپشه دندانه‌دار (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) درشرایط تغذیه از ارقام تجاری خرما
محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکیمسعود لطیفیان 1 , ابراهیم سلیمان نژادیان 2 , مهران غزوی 3 , محمد سعید مصدق 4 , جمشید حیاتی 5
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -
کلید واژه: شپشه دندانه دار, Beauveria bassiana, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, غلظت‌های زیر کشنده, پتانسیل تولید مثل, sawtoothed beetle, Sublethal doses, Reproductive potential,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از عوامل بیمارگر شپشه دندانه‌دار (Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.) قارچ Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) می‌باشد.در این تحقیق اثر غلظت‌های زیر کشنده عامل بیمارگر بر باروری، میزان تخم‌گذاری و درصد تفریخ تخم شپشه دندانه‌دار در شرایط تغذیه از سه رقم خرمای سایر، زاهدی و دیری در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بررسی گردید. حشرات کامل با 5 غلظت زیر کشنده شامل 102،2 10×5، 103، 103×5،104 اسپور در میلی لیتر تیمار و سپس با شاهد مقایسه شد. غلظت‌های زیر کشنده کاهش دهنده پتانسیل تولید مثل با استفاده از روش لگاریتم– پروبیت در هر رقم مشخص گردید. غلظت‌های مورد آزمایش عامل بیماری دارای اثرات کاهش دهنده در شاخص باروری بود. با افزایش غلظت اثرات تشدیدکنندگی رقم و قارچ بیمارگر بر کاهش نرخ باروری به تدریج بیشتر شد. کم‌ترین و بیشترین غلظت زیر کشنده برای کاهش 50 درصد میزان تخم‌گذاری به ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت پرورش یافته روی رقم زاهدی و دیری و معادل 103×497/1 و103×963/4 اسپور در میلی‌لیتر بود. کم‌ترین و بیشترین غلظت زیر کشنده برای کاهش 50 درصد تفریخ تخم به ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت پرورش یافته روی رقم زاهدی و سایر و معادل 103×316/6 و 103×28/8 اسپور در میلی‌لیتر بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که غلظت‌های زیرکشنده قارچ B. bassiana دارای اثرات معنی‌داری در کاهش قدرت تولید مثل آفت بوده‌اند. توانایی این عامل بیمارگر در کاهش قدرت تولید مثل آفت علاوه بر غلظت قارچ به رقم خرمای مورد تغذیه آفت نیز بستگی داشت.
Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) is an entomopathogenic fungus one of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.. In this study effects of sublethal doses of pathogen on reproductive potential , the amount of oviposition and the percentage of egg hatching of sawtooth beetles were investigated in terms of feeding on three Dates cultivars including Sayer, Zahedi and Deiri long in vitro condition. Adults were treated by 5 sublethal doses including 102, 5×102, 103, 5×103 and 104 Spores in ml and compared by control. Then, the sublethal doses of reduced reproductive potential of each cultivar were calculated by using Log-Probit analysis method. The tested doses of pathogen had decreasing effects on fertility index. The synergist of fungal pathogen and cultivars on reduce fertility rates were gradually by the increasing pathogen doses. Minimum and maximum sublethal doses for reducing the 50 percent amount of oviposition were showed in population grew on Zahedi and Deiri cultivars and equivalent to 1.497×103 and 4.963×103 spores/ml respectively. Minimum and maximum sulethal doses for reduction 50 percent egg hatching were showed in population grew on the Zahedi and Sayer cultivars and, equivalent to 6.316×103 and 8.28×103 spores/ml respectively. The results of this study showed that the fungus B. bassiana had a significant effect in reducing the reproduction potentials. The pathogen ability to reduce the reproduction potentials was in addition depended on the fungi dose and Date cultivars that feeding by the pest.
Bagheri-Zenouz, E. 1986. Stored Pests and Their Control, first vol., Ingourios Coleoptra of Food Products and Industrial Hardware. Second edition. Sepehr Publishing Center, Tehran. (In Persian)
Bari, M. A. & Kaya, H. K. 1984. Evaluation of the entomogenous nematode Neoplectana carpocapsae (= Steinernema feltiae) Weiser (Rhabiditida: Steinernematidae) and the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. Kurstaki for suppression of the artichoke plume moth (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 77:225-229.
Bartett, M. C. & Jaronski, S. T. 1988. Mass production of entomogenous fungi for biological control of insects, pp.61-85. In: Burge, M. N. (Ed.). Fungi in Brologied Control systems. Manchester, U.K.
Beegle. C. C. & Yamamoto, T. 1992. Invitation paper C.P. Alexander fund. History of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner research and development. Canadian Entomologist, 124: 587-616.
Enarson, D. A., Kennedy, S. M. & Miller, D. L. 2004. Measurement in epidemiology. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 8(10): 1269-73.
Fargues, J., Delmas, J. C., Auge, J., & Lebrun, R. A. 1991. Fecundity and egg fertility in the adult Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsadecemlineata) surviving larval infection by the fungus Beauveria bassiana. Entomologica Expermentalis et Applicata, 61: 45–51.
Fransen, J. J., Winkelman, K. & van Lenteren, C. 1987. The differential mortality at various life stages of the green house whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hommoptera: Aleyrodidae) by infection with the fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis (Deutromycotina: Coelomycetes). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 50: 158-165.
Furlong, M. J., Pell, J. K., & Reddy, G. V. 1997. Premortality effects of Zoophthora radicans infection in Plutella xylostella. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 70, 214–220.
Gillespie, J. P., Kanost, M. R. & Trenczek, T. 1997. Biological mediators of insect immunity. Annual Review of Entomology, 42: 611-643.
Gindin, G., Samish, M., Zangi, G., Mishoutchenko, A. & Glazer, I. 2001.The susceptibility of different species and stages of ticks to entomopathogenic fungi. Experimental & Applied Acarology, 28: 283-288.
Jassim, H. K., Andullah, L. M. & Abd-Al-Ahad, I. 1998. Determination of the exact concentration of Beauveria bassiana to control the larvae of the Fig moth Ephestia cautella on stored dates in Iraq. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 6: 44-45.
Latifian, M. 2003. The Technology of Date Palm Stored Pests Control. Ahangghalam publication. Mashhad. Iran (In Persian).
Latifian, M. E., Soleimannnejadian. M., Ghazavi, J., Hayati, S, M., Mosadegh & Nikbakht, P. 2009. Evaluation of three Beauveria bassiana isolates on Sawtoothed beetle Oryzaephilus surinaemensis and the effect of different temperature on their germination and mycelium growth. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology. 77(1): 151-168.
Latifian, M., Soleimannnejadian, E., Ghazavi, M., Hayati, J., Mosadegh S. M. & Nikbakht, P. 2010. Study the pathigenecity of Beauveria bassiana on the Larval and adult stages of sawtoothed beetle Oryzaephilus surinaemensis on date palm cultivars. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 33(1): 21-30.
Leon, T. E., Lerma, J. M. & Pizo, E. V. 2006. Sub lethal effects of Beauveria bassiana on the Whitefly Bemesia tabaci, under liberator condition. Mycophatologia, 162: 411-419.
Mohajeri, A. 1994. Collection and Identification of Stored Pests of City Jiroft, Bam and Kahnouj. Unpublished Research report, Bam and Jiroft Agricultural Research Center Publications. Iran. (In Persian).
Mulock, S. & Chand, L. D. 2001. Effect of Beauveria bassiana on the fecundity of Western corn Rootworm Diabrotica vigrifera. Biological Control, 22: 16-21.
N’Doye, M. 1976. Influence d’une infection a Beauveria bassiana (Blas.) Vuillemin sur les survivants et la descendance de Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lep.Pyralidae). Entomophaga, 21:371– 376.
Nnakumusana, E. S. 1985. Laboratory infection of mosquito larvae by entomopathogenic fungi with particular reference to Aspergillus parasiticus and its effect on fecundity and longevity of mosquitoes exposed to conidial infections in larval stages. Current Science, 54: 1221–1228.
Perelle, A. H. & Harper, J. D. 1986. An evaluation of the impact of sublethal dosages of nuclear polyhedrosis virus in larvae on pupae, adults, and adult progeny of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 47, 42–47.
Roberts, D. W. 1981. Toxins of Entomopathogenic Fungi. pp. 441-464, In: Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases 1970-1980. Burges E. D. (Ed.) Academic Press, London, UK.
Tanada, Y. & Kaya, U. K. 1993. Insect Pathology. Academic Press, London, UK.
Sewify G. H., & Hashem M. Y. 2001. Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin on cellular defence response and oxygen uptake of the wax moth Galleria mellonella L. (Pyralidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 125:533-536.
Stark, J. D. & Banks, J. E. 2003. Population-level effects of pesticides and other toxicants on arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 48: 505-519.
Wang, Z. G. & Knudsen, G. R. 1993. Effect of Beauveria bassiana (Fungi: Hyphomycetes) on fecundity of the Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environmental Entomology, 22: 874–878.
Young, S. Y. & Yearian, W. C. 1982. Nuclear polyhedrosis virus infection of Pseudoplusia includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae:Effect on post larval stages and transmission. Entomophaga, 27:61–66.