دموگرافی سوسک شاخدار خرماOryctes elegans (Coloptera : Scarabaeidae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی
آرزو پاینده
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آزیتا دهقان
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کلید واژه: بم, Life table, جدول زندگی, Oryctes elegans, دموگرافی, Demography, Fruit Stalk borer, Bam, سوسک شاخدار خرما,
چکیده مقاله :
سوسک شاخدار خرما، سوسک کرگدنی خرما یا سوسک کره Oryctes elegans Prell. ، یکی از آفات جدی و مهم خرما در ایران، به خصوص در منطقه بم می‌باشد. در این تحقیق جدول زندگی سوسک شاخدار خرما در شرایط آزمایشگاهی، دمای 2± 27 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5± 65 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی مطالعه شد. داده‌های به دست آمده بر اساس جدول زندگی (نر و ماده)، مراحل رشدی- سنی، با در نظر گرفتن تغییرات رشد افراد و جنسیت آنها، تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. میانگین طول دوره رشدی برای تخم، لارو و شفیره به ترتیب، 4/16، 8/216 و 2/26 روز بود. در شرایط آزمایشگاه درصد مرگ و میر مراحل تخم، لارو و شفیرگی به ترتیب 2/5، 6/22 و 2/3 به دست آمد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (rm)، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت(λ)، نرخ ناخالص تولید مانند (GRR)، نرخ خالص تولید مانند (R0)، مدت زمان دو برابر شدن جمعیت(DT) و متوسط مدت زمان نسل (T) به ترتیب 002/0 روز1- ، 002/1 روز1- ، 6/71 تخم ماده، 3/42 نتاج ماده، 7/110 روز و 328 روز بودند. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که سوسک شاخدار خرما یک گونه تک نسلی است.
The date palm fruit stalk borer, Oryctes elegans Prell. (Col.: Scarabeaidae) is a serious pests of date palm in Bam region, Iran. In this research, demographic parameters O. elegans were studied under controlled conditions at 27±2ºC and 65±5% RH and 16:8 L: D. Data were analyzed based on an age-stage, two-sex life table, to take both sexes and variable development into consideration. Developmental time mean for egg, larvae and pupa were obtained 16.4, 216.8 and 26.2 respectively. In the laboratory, 5.2, 22.6 and 3.2% died in the egg, larval and pupal stage, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), gross reproductive rate (GRR), net reproductive rate (R0), doubling time (DT) and mean generation time (T) were 0.002d-1 ,1.002d-1 ,71.6 offspring, 42.3 offspring, 110.7d and 328.5d respectively. These facts indicated that O. elegans is a univoltine species.
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