معنای طلاق از دیدگاه فرد مطلقه: یک مطالعه کیفی پدیدارشناسانه
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
شکوه نوابی نژاد
1
,
رزگار محمدی
2
,
یوسف کریمی
3
,
عفت فلاح
4
1 - استاد گروه مشاوره دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران
2 - دکتری مشاوره دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
3 - دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
4 - دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن
کلید واژه: طلاق, پدیدارشناسی, معنای طلاق, فرد مطلقه,
چکیده مقاله :
زیربنایی‌ترین بعد در شکل‌گیری هر پدیده‌ای معانی ذهنی است. معنایی که فرد مطلقه برای طلاق قائل است بعدی مهم در ساختار این پدیده است. در این راستا هدف از این پژوهش مطالعه کیفی معنای طلاق، از دیدگاه فرد مطلقه و مقایسه دیدگاه مردان و زنان طلاق گرفته در این زمینه است. از میان روش‌های پژوهش کیفی روش پدیدارشناسی برای انجام پژوهش بکار گرفته شده است. 25 نفر (13 زن و 12 مرد) به‌وسیله نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و با استراتژی نمونه‌گیری معیار انتخاب شدند تا اشباع داده‌ها، مصاحبه‌ها ادامه یافت. برای گرد‌آوری داده‌ها از مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته استفاده شد. هم‌چنین، برای تحلیل دیدگاه شرکت‌کنندگان از روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده شده است. یافته‌های پژوهش شامل دو مضمون اصلی ادراک معانی طلاق و ابعاد معنایی طلاق بود؛ مضمون ادراک معنایی طلاق به سه خرده مضمون معنای رهایی بخشی طلاق، آخرین چاره بودن طلاق و بار منفی معنایی طلاق تقسیم شد. در مضمون ابعاد معنایی طلاق به سه خرده مضمون معنای اجتماعی، معنای شخصی و معنای جنسیتی طلاق پرداخته شده است؛ مردان و زنان دارای تجربه‌ای یکسان در زمینه معنای طلاق بودند، اما در چگونگی تجربه آن‌ها تفاوت‌هایی وجود داشت. با توجه به پیامدهای طلاق، زنان این پدیده را بیش‌تر منفی معنا کردند. بنابراین، با توجه به نتایج پژوهش می‌توان گفت که طلاق پدیده‌ای چندمعنایی و چندبعدی است که متأثر از شخص، جنسیت، شرایط اجتماعی و فرهنگی فرد می باشد.
The mental meaning is the most fundamental part of any phenomenon. Meaning that a divorced person has been made for divorce is considered as an important dimension in the structure of this phenomenon. The purpose of this study is to study divorce meaning from divorced people’s perspective and compare divorced men and women’s views in the field. The qualitative research methods and phenomenological method was used to conduct research. The sample size included 25 participants selected by a purposive sampling strategy and the principal criteria sampling. Semi-structured interviews contributed to collect data analyzed by thematic analysis. The results included two themes: semantic perception of divorce and dimension meanings of divorce that each included three sub-themes, the first consisted of liberating sense of divorce, and divorce as the last way and negative meaning of divorce; and the latter included social, personal and gender divorce. Men and women have the same experience in the context of a divorce, but there are differences in how they experience. With regard to the consequences of divorce for women, they interpret this phenomenon more negatively. The result showed that the divorce is a poly semantic and multidimensional phenomenon affected by a person's gender, one’s social and cultural conditions.
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