ارزیابی توزیع فضایی مؤلفه‌های توسعه‌پایدار در بین شهرستان‌های استان ایلام با استفاده از تکنیک-SAW VIKOR

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

تیمور آمار ¹ , مهدی خداداد ² , ابراهیم معمری ³

1 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت، رشت، ایران
2 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی،دانشگاه گلستان،گرگان
3 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/04/28 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/11/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/02/01

کلید واژه: استان ایلام, توسعه‌پایدار, تکنیک راه‌حل توافقی و بهینه‌سازی چندمعیاره (VIKOR), میانگین وزنی ساده (SAW),

چکیده مقاله :

    در جریان هرگونه تصمیم­گیری اعم از برنامه­ریزی، مدیریت، ارزیابی و یا کنترل چنانچه در طلب و جستجوی شرایطی مطلوب هستیم، باید در راستای ایجاد تعادلی منطقی و واقع­بینانه بین مناطق به­لحاظ برخورداری از امکانات و خدمات حرکت کنیم. گام اول درجهت چنین حرکتی شناخت وضع موجود و امکانات و محدودیت­های آن است. در همین راستا، هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی توزیع فضایی مؤلفه­های توسعه­پایدار در بین شهرستان­های استان ایلام از لحاظ 10 شاخص توسعه­پایدار می­باشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر 10 شهرستان استان ایلام است. شاخص­های مورد مطالعه از طریق سالنامه آماری که شامل موارد پیش روست جمع­آوری گردیده است: تعداد کتابخانه­ها عمومی، کانون پروش فکری، تعداد اعضای کتابخانه­عمومی، سالن­نمایش، گنجایش سالن­نمایش، بیمارستان، تعداد تخت بیمارستان، تعداد چاپخانه، تعداد تلفن­های ثابت، تعداد وسایل نقلیه درون شهری. برای این منظور از روش­های؛­ راه­حل توافقی و بهینه­سازی چندمعیاره (VIKOR) و میانگین وزنی ساده (SAW) استفاده شده است. نتایج بدست آمده از روش­های به کار رفته نشان داده که شهرستان ایلام به­عنوان مرکز استان بیشترین زیرساخت­های توسعه­پایدار را در خود جای داده و سیروان، محروم­ترین شهرستان از لحاظ شاخص­های توسعه­پایدار در استان ایلام می­باشد. به­عبارتی شهرستان ایلام در گروه تقریباً توسعه­یافته، شهرستان­های سیروان و بدره درگروه فرو توسعه طبقه­بندی شدند. در ادامه به­منظور بررسی نحوة پراکنش و توزیع فضایی شاخص­های توسعه­پایدار در سطح شهرستان­های استان ایلام و تعیین میزان همبستگی، تناسب رتبه جمعیتی هر شهرستان با رتبه حاصل از شاخص­های توسعه­پایدار از تکنیک اسپیرمن استفاده شده است. بدین منظور ابتدا به کمک تکنیک Z-score شاخص توسعه هر شهرستان محاسبه گردیده و سپس با استفاده از ضریب اسپیرمن میزان تناسب و همبستگی رتبه شاخص­های توسعه­پایدار با رتبه­جمعیتی شهرستان­ها مقایسه شد. نتایج حاصل از مقایسه نشانگر وجود تناسب و همبستگی بسیار پایین و منفی (0.183-) و در نتیجه توزیع نامتناسب و غیرعادلانه شاخص­های توسعه­پایدار در سطح شهرستان­های استان ایلام می­باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

        In the process of any decision making including planning, management, evaluation, or control, if we are in search and need of a desirable condition, our goal should be creating a rational and logical balance among different areas by providing them with facilities and services. The first step of such a movement is the recognition of the present situation as well as their facilities and limitations. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of sustainable development principles among the townships of the province of Ilam through 10 sustainable development indicators. The geographical scope of the present study was the 10 townships of the province of Ilam. The indicators under study were collected through the statistical yearbook which included such items as the number of public libraries, institutions of thought nurturing, the number of public library members and showrooms, the capacity of showrooms and hospitals, the number of beds in hospitals, and the number of printing houses, phone lines, and urban transportation vehicles. To achieve this goal, VIKOR and simple average weight (SAW) were utilized. The results showed that Ilam as the capital of the province had the most infrastructure for sustainable development while Sirvan was considered as the most deprived with respect to sustainable development indicators in the province of Ilam. In other terms, the township of Ilam was categorized as an almost developed township and Sirvan and Badreh were classified as the least developed townships. Additionally, in order to evaluate the method of spatial distribution and discrimination of sustainable development indicators in the townships of the province of Ilam, and to determine the degree of correlation between the proportion of population rate of each township and the collected rate from the sustainable development indicators, the spearman technique was used. Hence, first the sustainable development indicators of each township were calculated using the Z-score technique, and then using the spearman coefficient, the proportion of population rate and the correlation between sustainable development indicators and the population rate of townships were measured. The results displayed the existence of a very low and negative proportion and correlation (-0.183) which indicated the disproportionate and unfair distribution of sustainable development indicators in the townships of the province of Ilam.

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