استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی
خدابخش حیدری
1
(
استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران
)
امیر قمرانی
2
(
دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی کودکان با نیازهای ویژه، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران
)
منصوره بهرامی پور
3
(
استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
)
کلید واژه: تابآوري, دلبستگي به خدا, ويژگي‌هاي شخصيتي,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از انجام اين پژوهش تعيين اثر ويژگي‌هاي شخصيتي بر تابآوري دانشجو معلمان دورة ابتدايي دانشگاه فرهنگيان با میانجیگری دلبستگی به خدا بود. پژوهش ازلحاظ هدف کاربردی واز لحاظ نوع تحقیق، رابطه‌ای واز نوع مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش همه دانشجومعلمان دورة ابتدايي دانشگاه فرهنگیان اصفهان در سال تحصيلي 98-۱۳۹7 بودند. نمونه شامل ۱۹۱ دانشجو بودند (۹۲ پسر، ۹۹ دختر) که به روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي طبقه‌اي متناسب باحجم جامعه از ميان پرديس‌هاي شهيد باهنر و فاطمه الزهرا(س) اصفهان انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها ازطریق پرسشنامه‌هاي شخصيتي ۶ عاملي هگزاکو Lee & Ashton (2004)، تابآوري (Conner & Davidson (2003 و دلبستگي به خداRowatt & Kirkpatrick (2002) جمع‌آوري شد. براي آزمون روابط بين متغيرها، ازضریب همبستگیpearson ومدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاري استفاده شد و با استفاده از نرم افزارSPSS26 وPLS مورد تحلیل قرارگرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که ویژگی‌های شخصیتی بصورت مستقیم با تاب‌آوی و دلبستگی به خدا رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری دارد. همچنین نتایج نشان دهنده این بود که دلبستگی به خدا، رابطه بین ویژگی‌های شخصیتی وتاب‌آوری را میانجیگری می‌کند (p<0/01). نتایج به دست آمده با استفاده از روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که متغیر ویژگی‌های شخصیتی اثر مستقیم معناداری بر تاب آوری دارد. علاوه بر این، با توجه به نتایج، رابطه بین ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و تاب آوری با دلبستگی به خدا میانجیگری می‌شود. بنابراین با توجه به الگوی تدوین شده می‌توان با شناسایی ویژگی‌های شخصیتی بعنوان متغیر پیش بین و میزان دلبستگی به خدا بعنوان متغیر میانجی نسبت به پیش‌بینی و تقویت تاب‌آوری اقدام نمود.
The present study aimed to determine the effect of personality traits on the resilience of elementary school student teachers of Farhangian University with the mediation of attachment to God. The research was applied in terms of purpose and was correlational and structural equation modeling in terms of design. The statistical population of the study included all elementary school students and teachers of Isfahan Farhangian University in the academic year 2018-2019. The sample consisted of 191 students (92 boys, 99 girls) who were selected by stratified random sampling proportionate to the population of the campuses of Shahid Bahonar and Fatemeh Al-Zahra (PBUH) in Isfahan. Data were collected by Hexaco 6-factor personality questionnaires (Lee & Ashton, 2004), Resilience Questionnaire (Conner & Davidson, 2003), and Attachment to God Scale (Rowatt & Kirkpatrick, 2002). Pearson’s correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to find the relationships among the variables using SPSS26 and PLS. The findings revealed that personality traits had a direct, positive, and significant relationship with resilience and attachment to God. Also, attachment to God mediated the relationship between personality traits and resilience (p<.01). Therefore, according to the developed model, it is possible to predict and strengthen resilience by identifying personality traits as a predictor variable and the degree of attachment to God as a mediating one. The results which were attained using the method of structural equation modeling demonstrated that the exogenous variable of personality traits has a significant direct effect on resilience. In addition, according to the results, the relationship between of personality traits and resilience is mediated by attachment to God.
Aghababaei, N. (2012). The Relationship Between Honesty and Humility with Personality,Religion and Actual Well-Being. Ravanshenasi-va Din, 5 (3) , 25-40.
Aghababaie N, Tabik MT, Hatami J. (2014). The relationship between patience and life satisfaction, mental health and personality. Psychology periodical, 5 (2) ,17-25.
Ayenehchi, A. , & Hassanabad, H. (2018). The Relationship Between Gender and Manifest and Hidden Anxiety: The Role of Attachment to God and The Basis of My Identity. Islamic Research Journal of Women and Family, 6 (11) , 49-73.
Beck, R. (2006). God as a Secure Base: Attachment to God and Theological Exploration. Journal of Psychology and Theology, La Mirada: Summer, 8, 125-34.
Besharat, M. A. ,(2007). Resilience, Psychological Vulnerability, Mental Health. Journal of Psychological Science, 6 (24) , 373-383.
Both LE, Best LA.( 2017). A comparison of two attachment measures in relation to personality factors and facets . Pers Individ Dif, 112(1), 1-5.
Bradshaw, M. , Ellison, C. G. , Marcum. J. P. (2010) . Attachment to God, images of God, and psychological distress in a nationwide sample of Presbyterians. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 20 (2) :130-47.
Cetinkanat, A. C. , & Kosterelioglu, M. A. (2016). Relationship between Quality of Work Life and Work Alienation: Research on Teachers. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4 (8) , 1778-1786.
Conner, M. , & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Deperssion and Anxiety ,18. 76-82.
Davis, T. J. , Morris, M. , & Drake, M. M. (2016). The moderation effect of mindfulness on the relationship between adult attachment and wellbeing. Personality and Individual Differences, 36 (6) , 115-121.
Day, C. , & Gu, Q. (2007). Variations in the conditions for teachers' professional learning and development: Sustaining commitment and effectiveness over a career. Oxford Review of Education, 33 (4) , 423-443.
Day, C. , & Gu, Q. (2014). Resilient teachers, resilient schools: Building and sustaining quality in testing times. Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Ercan, H. (2017). The Relationship between Resilience and the Big Five Personality Traits in Emerging Adulthood. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 70, 83–103.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broden- and– build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218-226.
Friborg, O. Hjemdal, O. Rosenvinge, J. H. Martinussen, M. Aslaksen, P. M.Ghobary Bonab, B. , Haddadi Kuhsar, A. A, Rashidi, A. , & Javadi S. (2012). Relationship among image of God and attachment to God with mental health in parents of exceptional children. Journal of Exceptional Children, 12 (3) , 5-14. (Persian)
Gholipour, Z. , Marashi, S. A. , Mehrabizadeh Honarmand,M. , & Arshadi, N. (2016). Resilience as a Mediator Between Big Five-Factor Personality Trait and Happiness. Quarterly Educational Psychology,12 (39) ,135-155. (Persian)
Gordon, K. A. (1995). The self-concept and motivational patterns of resilient African American high school students, Journal of Black Psychology, 21, 239-255.
Graham, S. , Furr, S. , Flowers, C. , & Burke, M. T. (2001). Religion and Spirituality in Coping with Stress. Counseling and Values, 46,2-2,13.
Gu, Q. , & Day, C. (2007). Teachers’ resilience: A necessary condition for effECTiveness. Teaching and Teacher Education, 23, 1302-1316.
Gu, Q. , & Li, Q. (2015). Resilience of Chinese teachers: Confirming a new construct. Paper presented at the 16th Biennial Conference of the European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction (EARLI) , Limassol, Cyprus, August. Cited in teacher education. In R. Brandenberg, S. McDonough, J. Burke, & S. White (Eds. ) , Teacher Education: Innovation, intervention and impact (pp. 211-229). Singapore: Springer.
Hejazi E, Tanha Z, Rahmani S, R .( 2013). Loving styles: relationships with big five factors of personality and attachment styles. Psychol Res, 8(30), 29-53.
Hemenover, S. H. (2003). Individual differences in rate of affect change:Student in affective chronometry. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology ,85,121-131.
Henderson, N. , & Milstein, M. (2003). Resiliency in schools: Marking it happen for students and educators, Corwin Press, Thousand Oaks, California.
Homan KJ, Boyatzis CJ. (2010). The protective role of attachment to God against eating disorder risk factors: Concurrent and prospective evidence. Eating Disorders,18 (3) ,239-58.
Jung, C. G. (2001). Psychology of the Unconscious:AStudy of the Transformations and Symbolisms of the Libido. Edited by William McGuire. Translated by Beatrice M. Hinkle, Collections: Bollingen Series.
Khanalizadeh Ini Z, Khanalizadeh Ini M,Khanalizadeh Amin Z. (2016). Evaluation and study of the role and attachment relation in personality characteristics of individuals. Third national conference on recent innovations in psychology, counseling and behavioral sciences; Tarbiat Modares University of Tehran.
Khezri,S, & Manavipour, D. (2012). Psychometric Properties of HEXACO Personality Inventory among Students. The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam,4 (4) ,50-60
Kirkpatrick, L. A. (1999). Attachment and Religious Representations and Behavior. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shave (Eds) ,Handbook of attachment: Theory,research,and clinical applications (pp. 803-8220 NewYork : Guilford.
Lee, K. , & Ashton, M. C. (2004). Psychometric properties of the HEXACO personality inventory. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39 (2), 329–358.
Mirzaeiyan P, Baezat F, Khakpoor N. (2014 ). Internet addiction among students and its impact on mental health. Quarterly Journal of Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences,2 (1) , 141-160. Persian
Mofradidoost, R. , Abolghasemi, A. , & Hajloo, N. (2020). The personality dimensions and sense of coherence in individuals with and without gender dysphoria. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 22 (5) , 388-394. (Persian)
Mohammadi, M. (2005). Factors effective in tolerance of people in danger of misusing drugs. Doctoral dissertation: University of Medical Sciences and Welfare. (Full Text in Persian)
Mohammadi, M. , Jazayeri, A. R. , Rafie, A. H, Joukar, B. , & Pourshahbaz, A. (2006). Resilience factors in individuals at risk for substance abuse. Journal of Psychology (Tabriz University) , 1 (2-3) , 203-224. (Persian)
Nemati, S. , Mehdipour maralani, F. (2016). Structural Modeling Styles for Attachment to God; Resilience and Mental Health in Mothers of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals, 6 (22) , 26-40
Nguyen, T. T. , Bellehumeur, C. , & Malette, J. (2015). God images and resilience: A study of Vietnamese immigrants. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 43 (4) , 271-282.
Palahang, H. , Neshatdoost, H. , & Moolavi, H. (2010). Standardization of Revised HEXACO Personality Inventory (HEXACO-PI-R) in Iranian Students. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 4 (16) , 49-62. (Persian)
Rosenberg, A. R. , Bradford, M. C. , McCauley, E. , Curtis, J. R. , Wolfe, J. , Baker, K. S. , & Yi‐Frazier, J. P. (2018). Promoting resilience in adolescents and young adults with cancer: Results from the PRISM randomized controlled trial. Cancer, 124 (19) , 3909-3917.
Rowatt, W. C. , & Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2002). Two Dimensions of attachment to God and their relation to affect and personality constructs. Scientific study of Religion, 41 (4 (, 637-651.
Sadeghi, M. , Asar, M. , Peimanpak, F. , & Ebrahimi, S. (2015). The role of the main aspects of personality in the relationship with God. Studies in Islam and Psychology, 8 (15) , 103-126. (Persian)
Shafiezadeh, R. (2012). The Relationship Between Resilience and the Big Five Personality Factors. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 13 (3) , 95-102. (Persian)
Shaver PR, Brennan KA.(1992). Attachment style and the big five personality traits: Their connection with romantic relationship outcomes. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 18(5), 536-45.
Singh, R. , Mahato, S. , Singh, B. , Bhushal, S. , & Fomani, F. K. (2019). Psychometric properties of adolescent resilience questionnaire among Nepalese adolescents in Lalitpur. Asian Journal of Psychiatry,45, 13-17.
Tugade, M. M. , & Fredrickson , B. L. (2004). Resilient Individuals use positive emotion to bouce back from negative emotional experience. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 86, 320-333.
Van Breda, A. D. ,(2018). A critical review of resilience theory and its relevance for social work. Social Work, 54 (1) , 1-18.
Yang , K. P. , Mao, X. Y. (2007). A study of nurses spiritual intelligence: Across- sectional questionnaire survey. Journal of Nursing Studies, 144, 999-1010.
Yorulmaz, Y. I. , Altinkurt, Y. , & Yilmaz, K. (2015). The Relationship between Teachers' Occupational Professionalism and Organizational Alienation. Online Submission, 4, 31-44.
Zahed-Babelan, A. , Rezaei Jamaloei, H. , & Sobhani-Herfati, R. (2017). An investigation of the relationship Between attachment to God and resilience with meaningful life among students. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 13 (49) ,75-85. (Persian)