شناسایی عناصر کلیدی طراحی و اجرای اثربخش برنامه های درسی در دانشگاه ها: رویکرد محیط-آینده¬محور
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسیجعفر ترک زاده 1 * , زهرا پاکباز 2 , مجید شعبانی فرد 3
1 - استاد مدیریت و برنامه¬ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
2 - کاندیدای دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، بخش مدیریت و برنامه¬ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
3 - دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
کلید واژه: اجرای برنامه درسی, اثربخشی, برنامه درسی, دانشگاه, طراحی برنامه درسی ,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی عناصر کلیدی طراحی و اجرای اثربخش برنامههای درسی دانشگاهها انجام شد. به اینمنظور روش فراترکیب مبتنی بر مطالعه و تحلیل مقالات مرتبط بهکار گرفته شد. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر رویکرد کیفی بوده و جهت تحلیل دادههای پژوهش از روش تحلیل مضمون بهره گرفته شد. در مرحله اول پس از بررسی دادهها و تحلیل آنها، 41 کد با عنوان مضامین پایه استخراج گردید، در مرحله دوم و با دستهبندی کدهای اولیه، 13 مضمون سازماندهنده سطح دوم (نیازمحوری، تحولمحوری و مهارتمحوری و...) و 3 مضمون سازماندهنده سطح اول (محیط-آینده، طراحی اثربخش برنامه درسی و اجرای اثربخش برنامه درسی) و در نهایت در مرحله سوم، مضمون فراگیر (برنامههای اثربخش دانشگاهها) حاصل گردید. اعتبار یافتههای پژوهش، با استفاده از تکنیکهای اعتبارپذیری، اعتمادپذیری و انتقالپذیری احراز گردید. یافتههای پژوهش حاضر میتواند به سیاستگذاران و برنامهریزان آموزش عالی در شناخت عناصر مؤثر بر طراحی و اجرای برنامه درسی کمک نموده و همچنین بهعنوان مبنایی جهت تدوین ابزار نظارت بر فرایند طراحی و اجرای برنامه درسی دانشگاهها مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
The design and proper implementation of curricula is one of the most important indicators of the higher education system to achieve the vision and realize the desired goals. Based on this, the current research was carried out with the aim of identifying the key elements of effective design and implementation of university curricula; For this purpose, a meta-combination method based on the study and analysis of related articles was used. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection method. In terms of qualitative approach, and to analyze the research data, thematic analysis method was used. In order to explain the reliability of the data, the opinions of experts in this field were used as well as the use of different research sources.After examining the data and analyzing them, 38 codes were extracted as basic themes, in the next step and by categorizing the primary codes, 12 secondary pre-organizing themes, 3 primary pre-organizing themes (environment - Future, effective curriculum design and effective curriculum implementation) and finally, comprehensive theme (effective university programs) was achieved. The findings of the present research can help the policy makers and planners of higher education in knowing the effective elements on the design and implementation of the curriculum and also as a basis for the development of tools for monitoring the process of design and implementation of the curriculum of universities.
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