تبیین مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر ساماندهی محیط و منظر لبه‌های شهری، در راستای ارتقای کیفیت محیط زندگی، مبتنی بر خلق فضای شهری پاسخ‌گو (مورد پژوهشی: حاشیه مسیل کن منطقه 18 تهران)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیستآنا علامی 1 * , حسنعلی لقایی 2 , حسین موسوی فاطمی 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، رشته مهندسی طراحی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران. * (مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده شهرسازی، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - دکتری شهرسازی، مربی، عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی طراحی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: فضای شهری پاسخ‌گو, لبه شهری, ساماندهی محیط و منظر, کیفیت محیط زندگی, شبکه سبز شهری.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: لبه‌های شهری از مهم‌ترین عناصر ساختار شهری هستند که نقش اساسی در منظر اکولوژیک شهری و ارتقای کیفیت زندگی ساکنین آن داشته و از سوی دیگر تشکیل‌دهندۀ تصویری مثبت و پاسخ‌گو به شهر هستند. حاشیه مسیل کن در منطقه 18 تهران (حد فاصل بزرگراه فتح تا آزادگان) به‌عنوان یک لبه درون‌شهری با چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی و اجتماعی روبه‌رو بوده و انسجام و خوانایی آن از بین رفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی ضرورت شکل‌گیری فضای شهری پاسخ‌گو در ساختار شهری به‌دنبال ارتقای کيفيت محیط زندگي شهري و بهبود الگوهای رفتاری شهروندان بوده است. لذا این پژوهش بر آن دارد تا با تبیین مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر ساماندهی لبه مسیل کن، این فضای نامنسجم و منزوی را به فضایی سرزنده، پویا، تعاملی و منسجم و رویدادمدار که از خصوصیات فضایِ شهریِ پاسخ‌گوست تبدیل نماید. ساماندهی این لبه شهری می‌تواند متضمن ارتقای کیفیت زیست‌پذیری محیط زندگی، احساس امنیت و حس تعلق به مکان برای شهروندان و بهبود تصویر عینی، بصری و ادراکی، معنایی در اذهان عمومی گردد.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش از نوع کیفی و به شیوه تحلیل محتوا و با ماهیت توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام گرفته است که ضمن استفاده از داده‌های کتابخانه‌ای و مطالعات میدانی مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر ساماندهی محدوده طرح مسیل کن (منطقه 18تهران) در راستای ارتقای کیفیت محیطی و مبتنی بر خلق فضای شهری پاسخ‌گو مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از تخریب شدید فضاهای باز زیست‌محیطی و پهنه‌های اجتماعی این محدوده است که باعث بروز انقطاع در پیوستگی بین کریدورها و لکه‌های سبز شهری، بارز نبودن هویت لبه مربوطه و پدیدار گشتن مکانی نابسامان همراه با اختلالات اکولوژیک، ناامنی اجتماعی و عدم کیفیت محیط زندگی است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به وجود نابسامانی و بارز نبودن هویت لبه محدوده مورد مطالعه نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می‌دهد که طراحی شبکه سبز شهری در قالب محور اکولوژیکی، گشایش دروازه‌های لبه و ایجاد حس دعوتکنندگی به لبه درون‌شهری را همراه دارد. پیوند درون لبه با حاشیه و همچنین دستیابی به مناسب‌ترین سازمان فضایی مؤثرترین راهکار برای ساماندهی این لبه شهری است. احیای هویت قدیمی این لبه فراموش شده شهری منجر به افزایش کیفیت و امنیت محیط زندگی با خلق محیط و منظر پاسخ‌گوی نیازهای اجتماعی در شهر می‌باشد. لازم به ذکر است پیش‌شرط موفقیت در برنامه‌های مشارکتی شهروندان، باور سیاست‌گذاران و مدیران شهری به تأثیر مشارکت شهروندی در بهبود کیفیت محیط زندگی و یافتن راه حلی مناسب برای آنهاست.
Background and Objective: urban edges are considered to be one of the most important elements of the urban structure that play an essential role in the urban ecological landscape and improving the quality of life of its residents, and on the other hand, they form a positive and responsive image of the city. The Kan Ravine fringe in the 18th district of Tehran (Fath to Azadegan Highway) as an urban edge has faced environmental and social challenges, and its coherence and legibility have been lost. The present study has been carried out with the aim of investigating the necessity of forming a responsive urban space in the urban structure in order to improve the quality of the urban living environment and improve the behavior patterns of citizens. Therefore, this study seeks to explain the effective components on organizing the Kan Ravine fringe in order to transform this incoherent and isolated space into a lively, dynamic, interactive and coherent and event-driven space, which is one of the characteristics of a responsive urban space. The organization of this urban edge can guarantee the improvement of the livability quality of the living environment, the feeling of safety and security and the sense of belonging to the place for the citizens and the improvement of the objective, visual and perceptual image in the public mind.
Material and Methodology: This study was conducted as a qualitative research using the content analysis method and with a descriptive-analytical nature. In addition to using library data and field studies, the factors affecting the organization of the area of the Kan Ravine fringe (18th district of Tehran) were analyzed in order to improve the quality of the environment and based on creating responsive urban space.
Findings: According to the findings of the research, the environmental open spaces and social areas of this area have been severely destroyed, which has caused a continuity discontinuity between corridors and urban green spots, the lack of clear identity of the relevant edge and the emergence of a disordered place with ecological disorders, social insecurity and lack of quality of living environment.
Discussion and conclusion: Due to the disorder and lack of clear identity of the edge of the studied area, the results of the present study show that the design of the urban green network in the form of an ecological axis is associated with the opening of the edge gates and creating a sense of invitation to the urban edge. The most effective way to organize this urban edge is to establish a link between the inner edge and the periphery, as well as achieving the most appropriate spatial organization. Revival of the old identity of this forgotten urban edge leads to improve the quality and safety of the living environment by creating an environment and landscape that meets social needs in the city. It should be noted that the belief of policy makers and city managers in the impact of citizen participation in improving the quality of the living environment and finding a suitable solution for them is a prerequisite for success in citizen participation programs.
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