Journal of Ornamental  Plants: 4 (3)

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1 - Application of Superabsorbent and Mulch on Some Traits of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta) under Irrigation Intervals
Haidar Al-Obaidy Zahra Karimian Leila samiei Ali Tehranifar

20.1001.1.22516433.2019.9.3.1.8

Water scarcity is an important obstacle to the development and expansion of the urban landscape in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Nowadays, organic and artificial materials can be used to reduce water consumption without impairing the quality and quantity چکیده کامل

Water scarcity is an important obstacle to the development and expansion of the urban landscape in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Nowadays, organic and artificial materials can be used to reduce water consumption without impairing the quality and quantity of urban landscape. In order to study the effect of mulch type on reducing irrigation interval for a popular seasonal plant in the Middle East, African marigold, an experiment was carried out in Mashhad, Iran during 2016-2017 in which two treatments were applied including mulch type (typical soil as control, palm fiber mulch, plastic mulch, and superabsorbent) and irrigation intervals (3, 6 and 9 days). Some morphological, biological, physiological and biochemical traits were evaluated. Results indicated that the superabsorbent could significantly increase most recorded traits. The palm fiber mulch also improved plant height, flower number, and dry shoot weight. In most traits, the 3-day irrigation interval indicated a significant increase versus the 6- and 9-day intervals, but plant height, flower number, and photosynthetic rate did not differ significantly between the 3-day and 9-day irrigation intervals. The findings show that superabsorbent and at the next level, palm fiber mulch with 9-day irrigation intervals can be suggested for African marigold in the arid and semi-arid climates. پرونده مقاله

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2 - Morphological and Physiological Traits of Catharanthus roseus L. at Different Irrigation Intervals as Affected by Salicylic Acid Application
Davood Hashemabadi Zahra Asadi Beigzadeh-Mahaleh Firoozeh Pourzarnegar

20.1001.1.22516433.2019.9.3.2.9

The effects of varying irrigation intervals (I) and foliar application of salicylic acid (M) on morphological and physiological traits of Catharanthus roseus L. were studied in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete design with three replications. The exp چکیده کامل

The effects of varying irrigation intervals (I) and foliar application of salicylic acid (M) on morphological and physiological traits of Catharanthus roseus L. were studied in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete design with three replications. The experimental treatments consisted of four irrigation intervals [2 days (I1), 4 days (I2), 6 days (I3) and 8 days (I4)] and foliar application of 200 mgL-1 salicylic acid (SA) at three frequencies [0 (M0), one (M1) and two (M2) times]. Among the morphological traits, treatment I2M2 resulted in the greatest number of flowers (25.66 flowers), the fewest leaf abscissions (3.8), and the highest root fresh weight (1.181 g); I1M0 resulted in the highest plant height (154 cm), leaf number (36 leaves), internode length (9.243 mm), shoot fresh weight (8.636 g), and shoot dry matter (26.20%); and I1M2 resulted in the largest flower diameter (1.176 mm), node number per plant (16.66 nodes), plant fresh weight (9.366 g), and root dry matter (30.03%). Among physiological traits, I1M0 was related to the highest chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and petal anthocyanin. The highest and lowest proline contents were obtained from I3M2 and I2M0, respectively. The lowest MDA content of 1.42 nmolg-1fresh weight (FW) was observed in I4M1 and the highest SOD activity of 88 IUg-1FW was obtained from I3M0. POD activity was lowest in I2M0 and highest in I4M2. In total, given the detrimental impacts of water deficit stress at irrigation intervals of 6 and 8 days, it is recommended that SA be applied to improve the growth of Catharanthus. roseus L. پرونده مقاله

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3 - Investigating Growth of Frankenia thymifolia as a Cover Plant During Drought Stress in Different Growth Media and Irrigation Periods
Mohsen Majidi Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand Raheleh Ebrahimi

20.1001.1.22516433.2019.9.3.3.0

There are some plants can replace grass among cover plants. Cover plants are obvious solution of problem in these places that the most important plant is Frankinia and Lisimakia etc. The aim of this study is to use organic wastes, biological fertilizers and moisture sup چکیده کامل

There are some plants can replace grass among cover plants. Cover plants are obvious solution of problem in these places that the most important plant is Frankinia and Lisimakia etc. The aim of this study is to use organic wastes, biological fertilizers and moisture super absorbents in the growth media of Frankinia to increase water holding capacity, delay in permanent wilting point and drought stress control. The experiment was carried out during drought stress out of greenhouse in open space in 2017. A factorial experiment based on Randomized Completely Block Design with two factors was conducted. First factor was three periods of irrigation in 2 and 4 days and one week, second factor was different growth media including: 1.90% soil+10% manue, 2. 70% soil, 15% manure+ 15% vermicompost, 3.70% soil, 15% manure+ 15% vermicompost + 1 g/kg stockosorb (super absorbent), 4.50% soil, 25% manure+ 25% vermicompost and 5. 50% soil, 25% manure+ 25% vermicompost + 1 g/kg super absorbent. Rooted transplants of Frankinia in pots (diameter 12 cm and height 15 cm) were planted in boxes 30×30 cm numbered 6 every box. Morphological traits including longest branch, total number of lateral branches, dry and fresh weight of shoot, prolin, leaf relative water and the concentration of K, P, Fe and Zn in shoot and uptake of these nutrients by shoot, were measured. The growth media were analyzed for pH, EC, organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio and P and K available. Results showed the mixture 50-50 of soil and organic compounds (composted manure and vermicompost) is used as the growth medium. Using one g/kg superabsorbent in cited medium in compared with control medium (irrigation period 2 days), can increase irrigation period to one week. پرونده مقاله

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4 - Assessment Some of Heavy Metals in Black Locust (Robinia pseudoascacia) in the Yazd Highway Green Belt
Motahareh Esfandiary Hamid Sodaiezadeh Mohammad Ali Hakimzadeh

20.1001.1.22516433.2019.9.3.4.1

The aim of this study was to assess the performance of Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust tree) to accumulation some of heavy metals and compared with the concentration of these metals in falling dust Yazd highway green belt. In order to an experiment was conducted as f چکیده کامل

The aim of this study was to assess the performance of Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust tree) to accumulation some of heavy metals and compared with the concentration of these metals in falling dust Yazd highway green belt. In order to an experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design with four replications. The results showed that the concentration of, iron, manganese, zinc, lead and cadmium metals in falling dust were the highest to the lowest, respectively. The distance from the highway in the concentration of heavy metals in leaves and bark of the black locust tree showed significant results (P<0.01). Also, the effect of heavy metals in the leaves of this tree was higher than that of bark. Concentrations of manganese, cobalt, nickel and cadmium metals increased with increasing distance from the highway due to multi-directional winds and the presence of other contaminants. The Pearson correlation analysis between heavy metals found in the falling dust and Robinia pseudoacacia showed that the input and controlling factors of these metals in the black locust tree are probably the same as the dust. The results showed that the leavesof Robinia pseudoacacia with the amount of metal accumulation index of 4438 mg/kg has more ability to simultaneously absorb different metals. As a result, since this green belt surrounds Yazd urban area, it is hoped that a significant amount of heavy metals will be absorbed by these trees. پرونده مقاله

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5 - An Assessment of Management Indicators in Ornamental Plant Greenhouses
Yousef Rouhi Jafar Azizi

20.1001.1.22516433.2019.9.3.5.2

Greenhouse culture plays a significant role in driving the agricultural development process by providing artificial conditions for production and/or neutralizing environmental variables. Obviously, planning for developing this production system requires understanding ef چکیده کامل

Greenhouse culture plays a significant role in driving the agricultural development process by providing artificial conditions for production and/or neutralizing environmental variables. Obviously, planning for developing this production system requires understanding effective and limiting variables. Accordingly, the present study was conducted in 2018 in order to evaluate management indicators of ornamental plant greenhouses in Guilan province, Iran. The research was an applied study in a survey design in which data were collected with a questionnaire. The statistical population was composed of 107 selected greenhouses of which 84 greenhouses were taken by simple randomization technique using Cochran’s formula. Data were statistically analyzed by mean, standard deviation, linear regression, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and one sample t-test in the SPSS.21 software package. The results of t-test revealed a significant positive relationship of individual skill and knowledge with optimum management of the selected greenhouses. Also, a significant positive relationship was observed between individual attitude to sustainable development and optimum management of the selected greenhouses and between management technical and professional indices and the optimum performance of the selected greenhouses. پرونده مقاله

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6 - Peanut Shells Effect as a Peat Substitute in Potting Media on Growth and Nutrition of Begonia rex
Ali Mahboub Khomami Ali Ajili Lahiji Reza Alipoor Seyyed Ibrahim Hojati

20.1001.1.22516433.2019.9.3.6.3

Due to the environmental problems caused by the accumulation of significant amounts of waste from peanut cultivation, it seems necessary to provide a solution for the reuse of this organic waste. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to investigate the possibility of چکیده کامل

Due to the environmental problems caused by the accumulation of significant amounts of waste from peanut cultivation, it seems necessary to provide a solution for the reuse of this organic waste. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to investigate the possibility of using compost of peanut shells in potting Begonia rex. The research was based on a randomized complete block design with five treatments, four pots per treatment, and three replications. The plants were grown in peat consisting perlite (2:1 v/v) and composts (25, 50, 75 and 100 v/v %) instead of peat in peat (P): perlite (Pe) (2:1 v/v) growth medium. The control consisted of P: Pe alone without peanut shells compost. The results showed that the application of peanut shells compost improved the growth factors of Begonia. Accordingly, the replacement of 25% of peanut shells compost had a better impact on plant growth by enhancing most growth factors including plant height (20.21 cm), number of leaves (13.13%), leaf fresh weight (48.88 g), leaf dry weight (2.01 g) and root fresh weight (2.37 g). However, 100% increase in peanut shells compost significantly reduced plant growth as compared to the control. It seems that in the treatment with 100% peanut shells compost, salinity increase (1.48%) was effective in reducing plant growth. پرونده مقاله

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7 - Identification of Phomopsis Species on Some Ornamental and Forest Plants in Iran on the Basis of the Morphological and Molecular Characteristics
Surena Bavand Savadkuhi Safarali Mahdian Valiollah Babaeizad Mohammadali Tajik Ghanbari

20.1001.1.22516433.2019.9.3.7.4

Phomopsis is a genus of imperfect plant pathogenic fungus whose hosts comprise several species in different regions of the world, such as grapes, soybean, acacia, hollyhock, velvetleaf, and several other plants. In this study, samples were collected from hollyhock, velv چکیده کامل

Phomopsis is a genus of imperfect plant pathogenic fungus whose hosts comprise several species in different regions of the world, such as grapes, soybean, acacia, hollyhock, velvetleaf, and several other plants. In this study, samples were collected from hollyhock, velvetleaf, purple bauhinia, and acacia plants suspected to be infected with Phomopsis fungi. They were, then, cultured and subjected to the separation and purification steps, and morphological characteristics of the derived isolates were determined. Among the isolates, five representatives (P1 to P5) were selected from Mazandaran province and their DNAs were extracted. The TEF and ITS regions of DNAs were amplified and sequenced. The ITS (4 and 5) region from ribosomal DNA and a part of the TEF gene were amplified and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of the isolates was compared with the corresponding sequences available in the GeneBank, and the phylogenetic tree of the isolates was constructed. Results showed that the sequence of the isolates P1, P2, and P4 had the highest similarity with Phomopsis malvacearum species. The sequence of the isolate P3 was very similar to Phomopsis loropetali, and the sequence of the isolate P5 was very similar to Phomopsis theicola. The average size of pycnidia produced on three culture media, i.e. CDA, CMA, and PDA, was measured 16 days after incubation at 20-25°C. Sizes were 256 × 85 μm in acacia, 230 × 68 μm in velvetleaf, 230 × 69 μm in hollyhock and 193 × 47 μm in purple bauhinia isolates. Morphological and molecular features of the identified species were matched. The species identified here are reported from Iran for the first time. Symptoms of Phomopsis infection varied with host and identified species. پرونده مقاله

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