Evaluation of the Growth and Phytoremediation Ability of Ornamental Tall Fescue and Sunflower in Contaminated Soils to Petroleum Hydrocarbons
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
1 - Department of Agriculture, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH), Share-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Petroleum Sluge, Shoots and Roots yield, Isfahan Oil Refinery, Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs),
چکیده مقاله :
Petroleum sludge is the waste of crude oil refining processes, and are the most priority organic pollutants found in the environment. The present study was carried out to evaluate the growth and phytoremediation ability of ornamental tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plant to petroleum sludge produced by Isfahan Refinery in contaminated soils in a greenhouse experiment. For this purpose, the air-dried petroleum sludge sample was added to an uncontaminated soil at ratios of 0 (control), 10 and 20% (w/w) and mixed thoroughly. Plastic pots were filled with called mixture (3 kg). The experiment layout consisted of split-plots arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The results showed that with increasing sludge level from 0 to 10 and 20 %, the tall fescue germination decreased significantly (P<0.01). In sunflower plant this decrease was not significant. The mean values of plant heights and root and shoot dry weights for tall fescue only in 20% level of petroleum sludge showed a significant reduction when compared with control. However, in sunflower plant, this reduction was not significant in all three petroleum sludge levels (P<0.01). The highest reduction of total petroleum hydrocarbons (89%) in tall fescue rhizosphere was observed in petroleum sludge level of 10%. By increasing the petroleum sludge up than 10%, total petroleum hydrocarbons in rhizosphere of two plants significantly decreased (P<0.01). Because, tall fescue plant produces more roots than shoots and have more fibrous root systems that caused more reduct TPH, application this plant recommend as a appropriate species for phytoremediation of contaminated soils to petroleum sludge of Isfahan Refinery.
چکیده لجن نفتی پسماندهای حاصل از فرآیندهای پالایش نفت خام می‌باشند و اولویت‌ترین آلاینده های آلی موجود در محیط زیست هستند. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی توانایی گیاه آفتابگردان و تال فسکیوی زینتی جهت پالایش لجن نفتی پالایشگاه اصفهان و عکس‌العمل رشد این گیاهان به آلودگی نفتی در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. بدین منظور لجن نفتی پس از هوا خشک شدن به نسبت‌های صفر(شاهد)، 10 و 20 درصد وزنی با خاک غیر آلوده مخلوط و به صورت جداگانه در گلدان (3 kg) ریخته شد. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. بر اساس نتایج، میانگین درصد جوانه‌زنی گیاه تال فسکیو با افزایش مقدار لجن از سطح 0 به سطح 10 و 20 درصد به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت (P<0.01). در گیاه آفتابگردان این کاهش معنی‌دار نبود. میانگین ارتفاع، عملکرد ریشه و اندام هوایی گیاه تال فسکیو فقط در تیمار 20 درصد لجن نفتی نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش معنی‌دار نشان داد. در گیاه آفتابگردان این کاهش در هر سه سطح لجن معنی‌دار نبود (P<0.01). بیشترین مقدار کاهش هیدروکربن‌های نفتی (89%) در ریزوسفر گیاه تال فسکیو، در سطح 10 درصد لجن نفتی مخلوط با خاک مشاهده شد. با افزایش میزان لجن مصرفی به بیش از 10 درصد، میزان تجزیه هیدروکربن‌های نفتی در ریزوسفر هر دو گیاه به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت. بنابراین به دلیل رشد و عملکرد مناسب ماده خشک گیاهی و داشتن سیستم ریشه فیبری در گیاه تال فسکیو که سبب کاهش بیشتر کل هیدروکربن‌های نفتی می‌شود، استفاده از این گیاه به عنوان گونه‌ای مناسب برای گیاه پالایی خاک‌های آلوده به لجن نفتی پالایشگاه اصفهان توصیه می‌شود.
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