Investigating the Response of Dracaena marginata and Physical Characteristics of Growth Medium to Different Levels of Zeolite in Replacement for Peat

محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی

Maryam Marashi ¹ , Mohsen Ehterami ² , Raheleh Ebrahimi ³ , Ali Mahboub khomami ⁴

1 - Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Soil and Water Research Department, Gilan, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/08/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/10/09 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/12/10

کلید واژه: zeolite, Nutrition, Ornamental, Soilless media,

چکیده مقاله :

Due to the econemic and envaironmental limitiation in the use of peat moss as a growth medium of ornamental plants, researchers seek an apporiate alternative in flower and plants industry. Zeolite because of the high capacity of water holding and cations enchange, has an ability in the replacement of peat moss. At this research, the posibility subtitution of peat moss by zeolite as a growth medium of Dracaena marginata was investigated. The control medium was a ratio 2:1 of peat: perlite that six levels of zeolite (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % v/v) in replacement with peat were used in a compeletly randomized design. Some chemical and physical charactristics of growth media were measured including EC, pH, total nitrogen, organic carbon, C/N ratio, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, bulk density, porosity and field capacity. The plant growth parameters were also measured including height, stem diameter, leaf number, fresh weight of leaves, root and stem. The results showed the highest height of stem obtained in 10% v/v treatment of zeolite and stem height had not significant difference in compared with control in 40 and 50% v/v zeolite. Fresh weight of leaves was more than in the control in all zeolite treatments, and in other growth indices, 10% v/v treatment caused a better response of plant. The bulk density increased and the porosity decreased proportional to the increase in zeolite. Prosty, EC, aeration porosity and field capacity had the highest effect on the growth indices in 10-20% v/v zeolite.

چکیده انگلیسی:

به دلیل محدودیت­های اقتصادی و زیست محیطی پیت ماس به­عنوان بستر کشت گیاهان زینتی، محققین به دنبال جایگزین مناسب این نهاده در صنعت گل و گیاه می­باشند. زئولیت به دلیل قدرت بالای جذب آب و همچنین خاصیت تبادل کاتیونی بالا، پتانسیل جایگزینی به جای پیت ماس، در بستر کشت گیاهان را دارد. به­منظور بررسی امکان جایگزینی زئولیت به جای پیت به عنوان بستر مناسب در پرورش گیاه زینتی دراسنا، زئولیت در شش سطح جایگزینی (0، 10، 20، 30، 40، 50 درصد حجمی) در بستر کشت شاهد (2پیت + 1پرلیت) در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با شش تیمار، در سه تکرار و سه گلدان در هر تیمار به اجرا در آمد. در بستر­های کشت، خصوصیات شیمیایی شامل هدایت الکتریکی، اسیدیته، درصد نیتروژن، کربن آلی، نسبت C/N، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم و خصوصیات فیزیکی شامل جرم مخصوص ظاهری، تخلخل کل و تهویه­ای و درصد رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی اندازه­گیری شدند. شاخص­های رشد شامل ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه، تعداد برگ، وزن تر و خشک برگ، ساقه و ریشه در گیاه دراسنا اندازه­گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان ارتفاع ساقه در تیمار 10 درصد زئولیت به دست آمد و در مقادیر 40 و 50 درصد، ارتفاع نسبت به شاهد تفاوت معنی­دار نداشت. وزن تر برگ در همه تیمارهای زئولیت به طور معنی­دار بیشتر از شاهد و در شاخص­های دیگر رشد، تیمار 10 درصد زئولیت سبب پاسخ بهتر گیاه شد. با افزایش مقادیر زئولیت در درصد­های بالا، میزان جرم مخصوص ظاهری افزایش یافت و میزان تخلخل با افزایش مقادیر زئولیت کاهش یافت. درصد تخلخل، هدایت الکتریکی، تخلخل تهویه­ای و درصد رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی بیشترین تأثیر را روی شاخص­های رشد در محدوده 10 تا 20 درصد نشان دادند.

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