اولویت بندی عوامل ایجاد تنش های شغلی آتش نشانان شهر کرمانشاه با استفاده از تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره
محورهای موضوعی : بهداشت، ایمنی و محیط زیست
میثم حیدری
1
,
سحر رضایان
2
,
سهیل سبحان اردکانی
3
1 -
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شاهرود، شاهرود،ایران.
3 - Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
کلید واژه: تنش شغلی, آتش‌نشانانی, تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: مشاغلی چون آتش‌نشانی دارای فراز و نشیب¬های خاص خود بوده که در طول زمان کاری به تنش-هایی ختم می¬شود. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی ایجاد تنش¬های شغلی آتش¬نشانان شهر کرمانشاه با رویکرد تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره صورت گرفته است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از رویکرد DELPHI-ANP-DEMATEL صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری تحقیق برای پرسشنامه تعداد 10 نفر از خبرگان سازمان آتش¬نشانی شهرستان کرمانشاه در حوزه مورد مطالعه را شامل شده است که پرسشنامه خبرگان در میان آنها پخش شد. بر اساس مطالعات صورت گرفته معیارهای اصلی تحقیق شامل عوامل فردی، عوامل مدیریتی و شرایط محیط کار می¬باشد.
نتایج و بحث: بر اساس نتایج حاصله از مقایسات زوجی میان معیارها، معیار "عوامل مدیریتی" با وزن نرمال شده 492/0 در اولویت اول، معیار "شرایط محیط کار" با وزن نرمال شده 279/0 در اولویت دوم و معیار "عوامل فردی" با وزن نرمال شده 228/0 در اولویت آخر قرار دارد. همچنین بر اساس تکنیک دیمتل، معيار شرایط محیط کار از بيشترين تاثيرگذاري برخوردار است. در نهایت براساس محاسبات صورت گرفته و سوپر ماتريس حد در نرم افزار سوپردسیژن، مشخص گردید زیر معیار "فشار کاری و حجم کار بالا" با وزن نرمال شده 1544/0 در اولویت اول، زیر معیار "تجهیزات نامناسب و ناکافی" با وزن نرمال شده 1283/0 در اولویت دوم، زیر معیار "پایین بودن توانایی‌های فردی" با وزن نرمال شده 1069/0 در اولویت سوم، و زیر معیار "بروز حوادث و صدمات فیزیکی برای فرد، همکاران و یا افراد جامعه" با وزن نرمال شده 0338/0 در اولویت آخر قرار دارد.
نتیجه‌گیری: قسمت اعظم تنش¬های شغلی و فشار کاری بالا برای آتش¬نشانان به دلیل حجم بالای کاری آنان بوده، این موارد با اتخاذ عوامل مدیریتی مناسب و توجه بیشتر به زمان های استراحت کارکنان می تواند تعدیل شود.
Introduction: Jobs such as firefighting have their own ups and downs, which end in tensions during the working time. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the creation of job tensions among Kermanshah firefighters with a multi-criteria decision-making approach.
Materials and Methods: In this research, data analysis has been done using DELPHI-ANP-DEMATEL approach. The statistical population of the research for the questionnaire included 10 experts from Kermanshah fire department in the studied area, and the questionnaire was distributed among them. Based on the studies conducted, the main research criteria include individual factors, managerial factors and working environment conditions.
Results and Discussion:
Based on the results of paired comparisons between the criteria, the criterion of "management factors" with a normalized weight of 0.492 is the first priority, the criterion of "working environment conditions" with a normalized weight of 0.279 is the second priority and the criterion of "individual factors" with a normalized weight of 0.228 The last priority is placed. Also, based on Dimetal's technique, the standard of working environment has the most impact. Finally, based on the calculations and the limit supermatrix in the Superdesign software, it was determined that the sub-criterion of "high workload and workload" with a normalized weight of 0.1544 was the first priority, and the sub-criterion of "inappropriate and insufficient equipment" with a normalized weight of 0.1283 in the second priority, the sub-criterion "low personal abilities" with a normalized weight of 0.1069 in the third priority and sub-criterion "Incidence of accidents and physical injuries to individuals, colleagues or community members" with a normalized weight of 0.0338 is the last priority.
Conclusion: Most of the job tensions and high work pressure for firefighters are due to their high workload, these cases can be adjusted by adopting appropriate management factors and paying more attention to employees' rest times.
1. Abolghasmian M, Sazgari S, Dawoodi H. Evaluation of occupational stressors on employees of the organization using multi-criteria decision making. Modern Management Engineering. 2023; 9 (1) [In Persian]. doi: 10.30495/jmemiau.2023.705222
. 2. Ahmadi A. Investigation of occupational stress and its relationship with the quality of life of firemen of Tehran Fire Organization. the fifth international conference and exhibition of firefighting and urban safety. 2022; [In Persian]. Available at: https://civilica.com/doc/1518585
. 3. Asgharpour M J. Multi-Criteria Decision Making. 13th edition. Tehran University Publications; 2022
. 4. Emdadi M, Yeganeh A A, Taghizadeh H. Investigation of the effect of fire stations on the security and mental comfort of citizens. Quarterly Journal of Modern Research Approaches in Management and Accounting. 2022; 6(86): 1136-1144. [In Persian]. Available at: https://majournal.ir/index.php/ma/article/view/1739
. 5. Gorzin A R, Sadeghi M. The relationship between safety culture and job stress in firefighters (Case study: Shahroud Fire Organization). the first crisis management event of Iran Qavi 1401. 2021; [In Persian]. Available at: https://civilica.com/doc/1758635. 6. Hassanzadeh F, Keshtrochekosari M. Investigation of factors affecting the performance of firefighting in crisis management. Quarterly Journal of New Research Approaches in Management and Accounting. 2022; 6 (87): 1648-1656. [In Persian]. Available at: https://majournal.ir/index.php/ma/article/view/1817
. 7. Igboanugo S, Bigelow PL, Mielke JG. Health outcomes of psychosocial stress within firefighters: A systematic review of the research landscape. Journal of occupational health. 2021;63(1):e12219. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12219
. 8. Khademi M. The role of stress on the mental health of firefighters and how to deal with it. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies and Educational Sciences. 2018; 1(5) [In Persian]. Available at: https://civilica.com/doc/1896738
. 9. Khaleghi J, Latifi T. Investigating the role of job stress and safety factor on safety management among Qazvin fire department employees. New Research Approaches in Management and Accounting. 2022; 6 (21):1073-1065. [In Persian]. Available at: https://majournal.ir/index.php/ma/article/view/1507
. 10. Lopez N, Kasap S, Toma T. Determination of occupational stress factors of firefighters in Kuwait. InEuropean International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Rome, Italy, July. 2022; available at: https://ieomsociety. org/proceedings/2022rome/137
. 11. Lv, G, Li J, Xu Q, Zhang H, Wu W, Fan X, ... & Liu H. The influence of firefighters’ perceived stress on job burnout: a moderated mediation model. Current Psychology. 2023; 1-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05069-z.
12. Mohammadipour A, Hedayatkhah H. Investigation and analysis of stress in work and occupational environments. 9th international conference of knowledge and technology of educational sciences, social studies and psychology of Iran. 2021; [In Persian]. Available at: https://civilica.com/doc/1637506.
13. Mousavipour SS, Sheikhbardsiri H, Golitaleb M, Farahi-Ashtiani I, Yousefi K, Sahebi A. Job stress among Iranian firefighters: a systematic review. Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal. 2022;7(4):239-44. doi: 10.5603/DEMJ.a2022.0027.
14. Odes R, Hong O. Job Stress and Sleep Disturbances Among Career Firefighters in Northern California. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2023; 65(8):706-10. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002901
. 15. Prandello A. Identification of the effective factors on reducing the occupational stress of firemen or the case study fire department of Tehran. 5th international conference and exhibition of firefighting and urban safety. 2022; [In Persian]. Available at: https://civilica.com/doc/1518634
. 16. Sabeghi Y, Hosseinzadenejad O, Mirzadi H, Kheradmand Kuran Türkiye A. Review of the relationship between job stress and life satisfaction of firemen. 9th international conference on modern studies of civil engineering, architecture, urban planning and environment in the 21st century. 2022; [In Persian]. Available at: https://civilica.com/doc/1753179
. 17. Sawhney G, Jennings KS, Britt TW, Sliter MT. Occupational stress and mental health symptoms: Examining the moderating effect of work recovery strategies in firefighters. Journal of occupational health psychology. 2018;23(3):443. doi:10.1037/ocp0000091
. 18. Shams Ghafarakhi M, Ghasemi, M, Shams Gahfarkhi F. The relationship between the physical conditions of the work environment and work pressure with job satisfaction. Teb Kar Journal. 2021; 13(2): 40-51. [In Persian]. Available at: https://www.sid.ir/paper/984903/fa.
19. Sun X, Li X, Huang J, An Y. Prevalence and predictors of PTSD, depression and posttraumatic growth among Chinese firefighters. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. 2020;34(1):14-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2019.12.007
. 20. Zerat herfeh F, Shamsi Nejad M, Rahmati A. Psychological consequences of firemen's job conditions: a qualitative study. Specialized Scientific Quarterly Journal of Medicine. 2021; 13 (3):77-91 [In Persian]. Available at: https://sid.ir/paper/992417/fa.