بررسی راه های انتقال فناوری بین بخش های دانشگاهی و تولیدی ایران
محورهای موضوعی : آینده پژوهی
جعفر باقری نژاد
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چکیده مقاله :
انتقال فناوری بین بخش های دانشگاهی و تولیدی، مورد توجه شدید اجتماعات امروز می باشد. انتقال فناوری فرایندی است که از طریق آن، دانش نتایج تحقیقات یا فناوری برای استفاده و بهبود و یا توسعه محصولات و فرایندهای تولیدی به واحدهای صنعتی انتقال می یابد و یا از سوی آنها جذب می شود. در این راستا دستیابی به الگوی مناسب همکاری متقابل این دو بخش به عنوان زیر سیستم از کل نظام تکنولوژیک و سیاستگذاری کشور برای برنامه ریزی علوم و فناوری لازم وضروری می باشد. این مقاله با بیان اهمیت این ارتباط مقابل، از طریق تشریح فرایند فناوری با استفاده از نتایج یک تحقیق تجربی در گروه صنایع کشور به الگوهای ارتباطی موجود اشاره نموده و پیشنهادهایی را به منظور ساماندهی و تسهیل فرایند مذکور ارائه می نماید.
Technology transfer relationship between academic and productive sector possess a major concern in the modern societies. It is considered as a process by which knowledge and research result or technology for using, improving and/ or developing outputs, products and production processes are exchanged between the two sectors. Although university- Industry technology transfer is fundamental to the technological innovative behavior of industrial sectors, it is often a missing link in most technology relevant study in developing countries including Iran. Universities have been the principal suppliers of scientific knowledge and educated manpower and are viewed as pools of technological expertise. As a result finding the appropriate pattern of mutual co- operation between these two parties is essential for overall science and technology planning. This research, was able to discover some aspects of the mutual relationships and the extent of technological collaboration between academic and productive sectors. In pursuit of this research objectives, a survey questionnaire was developed based on the relevant literature. A large sample investigation was performed through mailing questionnaires to 450 manufacturing firms in 6 group of industries throughout Iran, from which 135 analyzable responses were collected. In addition a substantial proportion of the respondents and several experts from academic and productive sectors were interviewed both in the structured and unstructured forms, to ensure mutual understanding of the concepts. This paper briefly presents descriptive analysis of the empirical data, which reveals the kinds of mutual relationship and the existing barriers in this way. The finding address the patterns of technology transfer relationships between productive and academic sectors. They also suggest several strategic policy implications that can be basis for effective Co- Operation of these two parties.