مقایسه مهارتهای اجتماعی، هوش هیجانی و افسردگی دانشآموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری و عادی در مدارس ابتدائی شهر مراغه
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی تربیتیعلینقی اقدسی 1 , لیلی شکراله پور 2
1 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی ، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
2 - دانشآموخته کارشناسارشد روانشناسی تربیتی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: هوش هیجانی, افسردگی, مهارتهای اجتماعی, اختلال یادگیری,
چکیده مقاله :
مهارتهای اجتماعی یکی از عوامل مهم بر پیشرفت و موفقیت فرد در طول سالهای تحصیلی است، زیرا موجب می شودکه فرد بداند که چه میگوید، چگونه انتخاب کند و در موقعیتهای مختلف چگونه رفتار کند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین مقایسه مهارتهای اجتماعی، هوش هیجانی و افسردگی دانشآموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری و عادی در مدارس ابتدائی شهر مراغه انجام شد. روش پژوهش حاضر علی مقایسهای بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش، کلیه دانشآموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری مدارس ابتدایی شهر مراغه بود که به صورت هدفمند (دارای اختلال یادگیری) و 40 دانشآموز عادی به روش همتاسازی از بین مدارس ابتدائی شهر مراغه انتخاب شدند. برای جمع آوری دادهها از پرسشنامه مهارتهای اجتماعی گرشام والیوت (1990) و پرسشنامه هوش هیجانی برادبری و گریوز (2005) و افسردگی دوران کودکی لانگ و تیشر (1983) استفاده شد. دادههای بدست آمده با روش تحلیل واریانس چند متغیره و تی تک گروهی مستقل تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد، بین میزان مهارتهای اجتماعی (مهارت اجتماعی، همکاری، قاطعیت و خویشتن داری) و هوش هیجانی (خود آگاهی، خود مدیریتی، آگاهی اجتماعی، مدیریت رابطه) دانشآموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری و عادی در مدارس ابتدائی شهر مراغه تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (05/0> P). همچنین، تفاوت معنی داری بین افسردگی دانشآموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری و عادی در مدارس ابتدائی شهر مراغه وجود دارد (05/0> P). بر اساس نتایج پیشنهاد میشود که در مدارس، برنامه ریزی و هماهنگی لازم جهت استفاده از روشهای آموزش هوش هیجانی و همچنین مداخلاتی در جهت تقویت مهارتهای اجتماعی برای دانشآموزان مدارس ابتدایی دارای اختلال یادگیری انجام گیرد. همچنین از نتایج پژوهش حاضر در طراحی مداخلات درمانی استفاده گردد.
The aim of this study was to compare the social skills, emotional intelligence and depression of students with learning disabilities and normal in primary schools in Maragheh. The method of the research study was comparative. The statistical population was all primary school students in Maragheh that were purposefully selected (with learning disabilities) and 40 normal students were selected by matching method from primary schools in Maragheh. To collect information Garsham and Eliot (1990) Social Skills Questionnaire, Bradbury and Graves (2005) Emotional Intelligence and Lang and Tisher (1983) childhood depression Questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance and group independent t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the level of social skills (social skills, cooperation, assertiveness and self-control) and emotional intelligence (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship management) of students with learning disabilities and normal in primary schools of Maragheh (P <0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between depression of students with learning disabilities and normal in primary schools in Maragheh (P <0.05). Based on the results, it was suggested that in schools, the necessary planning and coordination to use emotional intelligence training methods as well as interventions to strengthen social skills for primary school students with learning disabilities. Also use the results of the present study in the design of therapeutic interventions.
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Amiri, M., Pourhossein, R., & Mireshghi, Sh. (2016). Investigating overt behaviors (aggression and breaking the law) with unobvious behaviors (symptoms of depression) in students with learning disabilities. Journal of Psychological Science, 16(62), 165-179.Auerbach, J. G., Gross-Tsur, V., Manor, O., & Shalev, R. S. (2008). Emotional and behavioral characteristics over a six-year period in youths with persistent and non-persistent dyscalculia. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 41, 263-273 [In Persian]..
Amiri Barmkohi, A. (2009). Teaching life skills to reduce depression. Iranian Psychologists Quarterly, 5(20), 297-308Bauminger, N., Edelsztein, H. S., & Morash, J. (2005). Social information processing and emotional understanding in children with LD. J. Learn. Disabil., 38, 45–61 [In Persian].
Bauminger, N., Schorr Edelsztein, H., & Morash J. (2015). Social information processing and emotional understanding in children with LD. J learn disable. 38(1): 45-61.
Bernard, S., & Turk J. (2009). Developing mental health services for children and adolescents with learning disabilities: A toolkit for clinicians. London: RCPsych Publications, 48-52.
Bradbury, T., & Graves, J. (2005). Emotional intelligence (skills and tests). Translated by Mehdi Ganji. Savalan Publications, first edition. El-Keshky, M., & Emam, M. (2015). Emotional and behavioral difficulties in children referred for learning disabilities from two Arab countries: A cross-cultural examination of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Res dev disabil. 36(1): 459-69 [In Persian].
Elliott, S. N., & Gersham, F. M. (1993). Social skills interventions for children. Behavior Modification, 17, 287-313.
Elmer, T., Mepham, K., & Stadtfeld, C. (2020). Students under lockdown: Comparisons of students’ social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PLoS One 2020, 15(7): e0236337.
Freilich, R., & Shechtman, Z. (2010). The contribution of art therapy to the social, emotional, and academic Adjustment of children with learning disabilities. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 37, 97–105.
Fred, J., Pierre, C., Sheilah, H. J. A., R., Lena w. H., Margreth, G., Irene J., Tobias, S., klara, E., & Eva, S. (2021). Depression, anxiety and stress among Swedish university students before and during six months of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 7(14): 1-9.
Ganji, H., Mirhashemi, M., & Sabet, M. (2006). Standardization of Bradbury-Graves' Emotional Intelligence Test, Thought and Behavior in Clinical Psychology (Applied Psychology), 1(2): 23-35 [In Persian].
Gresham, F. M., & Elliott, S. N. (1990). Social Skills Rating system. Circle Pines. MA: American Guidance Services.
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