جایگاه حفاظتی گونه نادر شن دوستی از اسکنبیل «Calligonum eriopodum»
محورهای موضوعی :
تنوع زیستی
نرجس عزیزی
1
,
غلامرضا حسینی بمرود
2
,
مجید دشتی
3
,
سیده خدیجه مهدوی
4
1 - استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد. ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - محقق پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.
3 - استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد. ایران.
4 - استادیار آموزش، دانشکده منابع طبیعی- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور. ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1398/07/14
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/11/29
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/11/01
کلید واژه:
جایگاه حفاظتی,
Calligonum eriopodum,
IUCN,
نادر,
اسکنبیل,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: Calligonum eriopodum درختچه ای شن دوست است که در ایران منحصرا بومی تپههای ماسهای ریگزارهای همتآباد زیرکوه قائن (خراسان) است. جایگاه حفاظتی این گیاه نادر مناسب تثبیت شنهای روان و کاهشدهنده سرعت باد، بر اساس معیارهای اتحادیه جهانی حفاظت از طبیعت (IUCN) تعیین شد.
روش بررسی: جایگاه حفاظتی این گونه نادر در سال 1397 بر اساس معیارهای اتحادیه جهانی حفاظت از طبیعت (IUCN) و با استفاده از معیار سطح تحت اشغال (AOO) و محدوده حضور گونه (EOO) ، با پیمایش های میدانی در رویشگاههای آن و سپس توسط نرم افزار GeoCat محاسبه شد.
یافته ها: سطح تحت اشغال گونه اسکنبیل، با پیمایش های میدانی و سپس توسط نرم افزار GeoCat در رویشگاههای آن، 20 کیلومترمربع و محدوده حضور آن 8/53 کیلومتر مربع برآورد شد. بنابراین بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق این گونه در طبقه در بحران انقراض (CR) قرار میگیرد.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، این گونه در طبقه در بحران انقراض (CR) قرار میگیرد. بررسیها نشان داد، افت شدید سطح سفره آبهای زیرزمینی و خشکسالیهای بیسابقه دهه اخیر، از عوامل اصلی تهدیدکننده این درختچه نادر تلقی شده که ضرورت دارد به عنوان ذخیره ژنتیکی طبیعی مورد حفاظت ویژه قرار گیرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Calligonum eriopodum is a sand-loving shrub that is native to Iran exclusively in the sand dunes of Hemmat-Abad, Zirkuh-e-Qaen (South Khorasan). The conservation status of this rare and suitable plant for stabilizing quicksand and reducing wind speed was determined according to International union Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria.
Material and Methodology: The conservation status of this rare species was determined according to IUCN criteria, using GeoCat online software, with field surveys in its habitats, and the area of occupancy (AOO) criterion and extent of occurrence (EOO) calculation.
Finding: The area occupied by the Scanbil species was estimated by field surveys and then by GeoCat software in its habitats: AOO was 20 Km2 and its presence area was 53.8 km2.
Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results of this study, this species is in the critically endangered class (CR). Surveys have shown that severe falls in water table drown down and unprecedented droughts of the last decade have been considered major contributors to this rare shrub, that needs to be protected as a natural genetic reserve.
منابع و مأخذ:
Assadi, M. 1998. Plant of the Flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR) Publication, Tehran, (In Persian)
Telvari, A. 1363. Report on visit to rigid stabilization programs in Russia. . Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR) Publication, Tehran, (In Persian)
Petrov M (1966) Once again about the desiccation of Asia. Soviet Geography, Vol. 4, pp. 15-24.
Refahi H, 2000. Wind erosion and control of it. Tehran University Press, 320p. (In Persian)
Jalili, A. and Jamzad, Z., 1999. Red data book of Iran. A preliminary survey of endemic, rare and endangered plants species in Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR) Publication, Tehran, 750 p. (In Persian)
Mohebbi, J. Jamzad, Z., and Bakhshi Khaniki, Gh. 2016. The conservation status of six endemic Satureja species in Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, 1, pp. 74-79. (In Persian)
Panahi, P. and Jamzad, Z. 2017. The conservation status of oak species of Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, 2, pp. 82-91. (In Persian)
Jamzad, Z. and Moein, F. 2017. The conservation status of Salvia aristata, a rare species of the genus Salvia. Journal of Iran Nature, 2, pp.: 92-95. (In Persian)
Hatami, A., Jafari, E., Sadeghian, S., Jamzad, Z. and Jalili, A. 2018. The conservation status of Cicer stapfianum f., an endemic species in Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, Vol. 3, pp.90-95. (In Persian)
Batooli, H., Jamzad, Z., and Jalili, A. 2019. The conservation status of Smirnovia turkestana Bunge, a rare species from Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, 3, pp. 108-117. (in Persian)
Mozaffarian, V. 2005. Trees and shrubs of Iran. Tehran, publisher of Farhange Moaser. 991 p. (in Persian).
Maassoumi A (2011) A revision of the Genus Calligonum (Polygonaceae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany, Vol. 17, pp. 43-53.(In Persian)
afari M., Azarnivand H., Tavakoli H., Zehtabian GH.R., Esmailzadeh H. 2004.The Impact of Haloxylon species and Calligonumsand dunes on the chemical and physical properties of the sand long Journal of Research and Development of Natural Resources, Vol. 64, pp.: 24-32. (In Persian)
Boissier, E (1879) Flora orientalis, Amesterdam.1001.
Rozhevits,R.Yu. and Shishkin, B.K. (1934).Flora of the U.S.S.R vo II, 440-463.
Amiriabadizadeh H., Hoseinibamrood, G.R. and Masoumi, A.A. (2012). Report of new genus Calligonum in Iran. Journal of Iranian Botany, Vol. 18, pp., 84. (In Persian)
Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and criteria. 2017. Ver. 13. Prepared by the standards and petitions subcommittee, 108p.
Bachman S, Moat J, Hill AW, de la Torre J, Scott B. “SupportingRed List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool.” (2011) In: Smith V, Penev L (Eds) e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. Zoo Keys 150: 117–126. (Version BETA)
Velayati, S. (1997) Water and the Geography of Waters, Khorasan Press, Mashhad, ISBN: 964-6342-03-5. (In Persian)
Mahdavi, S. KH., HosseiniBamrood, G.R., Tavakoli, H. 2018. Examination of effective factors on distribution of the species Calligonum eriopodum Case study: Ghaen town. 2018. Journal of range and watershed management. 71, Pp. 529- 536. (In Persian)
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Assadi, M. 1998. Plant of the Flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR) Publication, Tehran, (In Persian)
Telvari, A. 1363. Report on visit to rigid stabilization programs in Russia. . Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR) Publication, Tehran, (In Persian)
Petrov M (1966) Once again about the desiccation of Asia. Soviet Geography, Vol. 4, pp. 15-24.
Refahi H, 2000. Wind erosion and control of it. Tehran University Press, 320p. (In Persian)
Jalili, A. and Jamzad, Z., 1999. Red data book of Iran. A preliminary survey of endemic, rare and endangered plants species in Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR) Publication, Tehran, 750 p. (In Persian)
Mohebbi, J. Jamzad, Z., and Bakhshi Khaniki, Gh. 2016. The conservation status of six endemic Satureja species in Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, 1, pp. 74-79. (In Persian)
Panahi, P. and Jamzad, Z. 2017. The conservation status of oak species of Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, 2, pp. 82-91. (In Persian)
Jamzad, Z. and Moein, F. 2017. The conservation status of Salvia aristata, a rare species of the genus Salvia. Journal of Iran Nature, 2, pp.: 92-95. (In Persian)
Hatami, A., Jafari, E., Sadeghian, S., Jamzad, Z. and Jalili, A. 2018. The conservation status of Cicer stapfianum f., an endemic species in Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, Vol. 3, pp.90-95. (In Persian)
Batooli, H., Jamzad, Z., and Jalili, A. 2019. The conservation status of Smirnovia turkestana Bunge, a rare species from Iran. Journal of Iran Nature, 3, pp. 108-117. (in Persian)
Mozaffarian, V. 2005. Trees and shrubs of Iran. Tehran, publisher of Farhange Moaser. 991 p. (in Persian).
Maassoumi A (2011) A revision of the Genus Calligonum (Polygonaceae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany, Vol. 17, pp. 43-53.(In Persian)
afari M., Azarnivand H., Tavakoli H., Zehtabian GH.R., Esmailzadeh H. 2004.The Impact of Haloxylon species and Calligonumsand dunes on the chemical and physical properties of the sand long Journal of Research and Development of Natural Resources, Vol. 64, pp.: 24-32. (In Persian)
Boissier, E (1879) Flora orientalis, Amesterdam.1001.
Rozhevits,R.Yu. and Shishkin, B.K. (1934).Flora of the U.S.S.R vo II, 440-463.
Amiriabadizadeh H., Hoseinibamrood, G.R. and Masoumi, A.A. (2012). Report of new genus Calligonum in Iran. Journal of Iranian Botany, Vol. 18, pp., 84. (In Persian)
Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and criteria. 2017. Ver. 13. Prepared by the standards and petitions subcommittee, 108p.
Bachman S, Moat J, Hill AW, de la Torre J, Scott B. “SupportingRed List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool.” (2011) In: Smith V, Penev L (Eds) e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. Zoo Keys 150: 117–126. (Version BETA)
Velayati, S. (1997) Water and the Geography of Waters, Khorasan Press, Mashhad, ISBN: 964-6342-03-5. (In Persian)
Mahdavi, S. KH., HosseiniBamrood, G.R., Tavakoli, H. 2018. Examination of effective factors on distribution of the species Calligonum eriopodum Case study: Ghaen town. 2018. Journal of range and watershed management. 71, Pp. 529- 536. (In Persian)