اثر محلول پاشی نانو دی اکسید تیتانیوم و سالیسیلیک اسید بر برخی ویژگی های بیوشیمیایی و تولید دانه ذرت سینگل کراس 704 تحت رژیم های آبیاری

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

فائزه شرقی ¹ , ابراهیم خلیلوند بهروزیار ²

1 - فرهیخته ی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/11/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/02/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/09/20

کلید واژه: پرولین, پراکسیداز, گایاکول پراکسیداز, پلی فنل اکسیداز, کربوهیدرات های محلول,

چکیده مقاله :

به‌منظور بررسی اثر محلول پاشی نانو ذرات دی اکسید تیتانیوم و سالیسیلیک اسید بر برخی از ویژگی های بیوشیمیایی و تولید دانه ذرت هیبرید سینگل کراس 704 تحت رژیم های آبیاری، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز در سال زراعی 1397-1396 به اجرا در آمد. عامل اصلی تنش کمبود آب در سه سطح 50، 75 و 100 درصـد رطوبت قابل دسترس و ترکیب فاکتوریلی کاربـرد نانو دی اکسید تیتانیوم (n-TiO2) (در سه سطح صفر، 01/0 و 03/0 درصد) و سالیسیلیک اسید (SA) (در دو سطح صفر و نیم درصد) به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز، پلی فنل اکسیداز و کمترین فعالیت مالون دی آلدئید در اثر محلول پاشی با 5/0 درصد SA در شرایط آبیاری 50 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس بود. محلول پاشی با 01/0 درصد TiO2بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و کمترین فعالیت مالون دی آلدئید را به خود اختصاص داد. در شرایط کاربرد و عدم کاربرد SA، محلول پاشی با 01/0 درصد TiO2تاثیر مثبتی بر فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز داشت. محلول پاشی با 01/0 درصد TiO2و 5/0 درصد SA تحت رطوبت 50 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس نیز بیشترین مقدار کربوهیدرات های محلول و پرولین را داشت. بر اساس نتـایج با افزایش سطح تنش کمبود آب فعالیت آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز نیـز افزایش یافت به طوری که در آبیاری 50 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس بیشترین فعالیت این آنزیم مشاهده شد. با توجه به نقش صفات مورد مطالعه در همکاری با یکدیگر در ممانعت از تولید گونه های فعال اکسیژن و کاهش اثرات مخرب تنش کمبود آب، کابرد سالیسیلیک اسید و نانو دی اکسید تیتانیوم با افزایش فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز، پلی فنل اکسیداز، مقدار کربوهیدرات های محلول، پرولین همزمان با کاهش میزان مالون دی آلدئید موجب کاهش اثرات منفی تنش کمبود آب گردید. با توجه به این که نانو ذرات دی اکسید تیتانیوم و اسید سالیسیلیک بر آنزیم های تاثیرگذار بر فیزیولوژی گیاه اثرات مثبتی داشتند از این رو میزان تولید دانه ذرت نسبت به شاهد و شرایط کم آبیاری افزایش قابل ملاحظه ای نشان داد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In order to investigate the effects of water deficit stress and nano-TiO2 and salicylic acid foliar application on some biochemical traits of corn704 single crossplant, an experiment was conducted in split plot factorial based on RCBD in three replications at the Research Station of the Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, during growing seasons of 2017-2018. Treatments were water deficit stress in three levels contained: 50, 75 and 100% filed capacity (FC) as well as thefactorial combination of nano-TiO2 (n-TiO2) foliar application in three levels contains: non application (control), 0.01 and 0.03 and salicylic acid (SA) foliar application in two levels contain: non application and 0.5%. Result showed that 0.5% SA foliar application under 50% water deficit stress had the highest peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and lowest malondialdehyde activity. Furthmore, 0.01% n-TiO2 foliar application had the highest effect on peroxidase and lowest effect on malondialdehyde activity. Use and non-use condition of SA, 0.01% n-TiO2 foliar application had the positive effect on polyphenol oxidase activity. Foliar application of 0.01% n-TiO2 and0.5% SA under water deficit stress had the highest effect on soluble carbohydrates and proline. Based on the results, the guaiacol peroxidase enzyme activity increased with increasing water deficit stress level, so that the most activity of this enzyme was observed in irrigation with 50 % filed capacity. Considering the role of the traits studied in cooperation with each other in preventing the production of active oxygen species and reducing the effects of water deficit stress, SA and n-TiO2, increasing the activity of enzyme peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, soluble carbohydrates, Proline and in contrast to the reduction of malondialdehyde reduced the negative effects of water deficit stress. Since SA and n-TiO2 had positive effects on the enzymes affecting plant physiology, the seed yield increased significantly compared to control and water deficiet conditions.

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