اثر برگ پاشی آهن و روی از منابع کلاتی و سولفاتی بر ویژگی‌های کیفی و عملکرد ذرت در شهرستان دزفول
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعیعلی خلفی 1 , کامران محسنی‌فر 2 , علی غلامی 3 , محمد برزگری 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه خاک‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
2 - عضو هیات علمی گروه خاک‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
3 - عضو هیات علمی گروه خاک‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
4 - عضو هیات علمی گروه خاک‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران و مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی، بخش آموزش و تحقیقات، شوشتر، ایران.
کلید واژه: برگ پاشی, عملکرد دانه, کلات آهن, درصد پروتئین,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر برگ پاشی آهن و روی از دو منبع سولفاتی و کلات شده با عامل کلات کننده EDTA بر عملکرد کمّی و کیفی دانه ذرت و مقایسه آنها با یکدیگر بود. بدین منظور آزمایشی در دزفول روی ذرت رقم سینگل کراس 701 در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه به صورت یک ساله و در کرت های آزمایشی با هفت تیمار شاهد، برگ پاشی با کلات یا سولفات آهن با غلظت 3میلی گرم بر لیتر، برگ پاشی کلات یا سولفات روی با غلظت یک میلی گرم بر لیتر، برگ پاشی توام سولفات یا کلات روی و آهن هرکدام با غلظت 1.5 میلی گرم بر لیتر صورت گرفت. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف برگ پاشی بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی، بجز وزن چوب بلال و غلظت منگنز دانه معنی دار شدند. تعداد ردیف در بلال، شاخص اقتصادی و درصد پروتئین دانه در سطح احتمال پنج درصد و سایر فاکتورها در سطح احتمال یک درصد از نظر آماری با هم اختلاف معنی داری داشتند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (9520 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (37.73 تن در هکتار) در تیمار برگ پاشی توام آهن و روی با 13 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد به دست آمد. بیشترین غلظت آهن و روی دانه به ترتیب در تیمار برگ پاشی با سولفات آهن و روی با غلظت 3 میلی گرم بر لیتر دیده شد. بیشترین درصد پروتئین نیز در تیمار برگ پاشی توام آهن و روی به دست آمد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که برگ پاشی ذرت با آهن و روی سبب افزایش عملکرد دانه و بهبود کیفیت آن می شود و بین دو منبع سولفاتی و کلاتی اختلاف قابل توجهی وجود نداشت و در برخی موارد منبع سولفاتی بهتر بود.
To investigate the effect of foliar application of iron and zinc from sulfate and EDTA-chelated sources on quantitaty and qualitaty of corn seed yields were compared. Thus, field experiment was carried at Dezful, using maize single cross 701 cultivar, in a randomized complete block design for one years. The experiment consisted of seven treatments: control, foliar spraying with chelate or sulfate of iron with a concentration of three mg.L-1, foliar application of sulfate or chelate of zinc with a concentration of mg.L-1, foliar application of combined sulfate or chelate of zinc and iron with a concentration of 1.5 mg.L-1 for each element. Results at the experiment showed that the effect of different foliar treatments on all factors, except cob weight and grain manganese concentration, were significant. The highest grain yield was 9520 kg.ha-1 and biological yield (37.73 ton.ha-1), in the combined foliar application of iron and zinc, was 13% increase, as compared to the control. There was no significant difference in grain yield between the two sources of iron chelate and iron sulfate. The highest concentration of iron grain was observed by using foliar application with ferrous sulfate at a concentration of 3 mg.L-1 and the highest concentration of zinc foliar application observed with zinc sulfate at a concentration of 3 mg.L-1. The highest percentage of protein content was observed by using foliar application of iron and zinc. The results of this study showed that foliar application of corn with iron and zinc increased seed yield and improves its quality. There were no significant difference between the two sources of sulfate and chelate applications, while in some cases the use of sulfate source showed better results.
Afshari, M., A. Naderi, M. Mojadam, Sh. Lak., and M. Alavifazel. 2020. Zinc and iron-mediated alleviation water deficiency of maize by modulating antioxidant metabolism. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 48: 989-1004.
Al Heidary, M., J.P. Douzals, C. Sinfort, and A. Vallet. 2014. Influence of spray characteristics on potential spray drift of field crop sprayers: A literature review. Crop Protection. 63: 120-130.
Alihosinpour, F., M. Rafiee, and A. Farnya. 2011. Investigation the effect boron foliar application on quality and quantitative characteristics of soybean genotypes. Crop Physiology Journal. 3: 33-46. (In Persian).
Babaian, M., M. Hidari, and A. Ghanbari. 2011. Effect of water stress and foliar micronutrient application on physiological cahracteristics and nutrient uptake in sunflower (Helianthus annus). Journal of Iranian Society of Crops and Plant Breeding Sciences. 12: 377-391. (In Persian).
Chen, Y., and P. Barak. 1982. Iron nutrition of plants in calcareous soils. Advances in Agronomy. Elsevier, pp. 217-240.
Duffy, B. 2007. Zinc and plant disease. Mineral nutrition and plant disease. 155-175.
Fageria, N., V. Baligar, and R. Clark. 2002. Micronutrients in crop production. Advances in Agronomy. Elsevier, pp. 185-268.
Fageria, N.K., 2016. The use of nutrients in crop plants. CRC press.
Ghaffari Malayeri, M., G.A. Akbari, and A. Mohammadzadeh. 2012. Response of yield and yield components of corn on soil use and foliar application of micronutrients. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 10: 368-373. (In Persian).
Girma, K., K. Martin, K. Freeman, J. Mosali, R. Teal, W.R. Raun, S. Moges, and D. Arnall. 2007. Determination of optimum rate and growth stage for foliar applied phosphorus in corn. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 38: 1137-1154.
Goudarz, H., P. Kasraei, and B. Zand. 2014. Effect of different iron and zinc concentrations on yield and yield components of maize. Journal of Crop Production Research. 6: 49-61. (In Persian).
Hassanpouraghdam, M.B., L.V. Mehrabani, and N. Tzortzakis. 2020. Foliar application of nano-zinc and iron affects physiological attributes of rosmarinus officinalis and quietens NaCl salinity depression. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 20: 335-345.
Heitholt, J., J. Sloan, C. MacKown, and R. Cabrera. 2003. Soybean growth on calcareous soil as affected by three iron sources. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 26: 935-948.
Imsande, J. 1998. Iron, sulfur, and chlorophyll deficiencies: a need for an integrative approach in plant physiology. Physiologia Plantarum. 103: 139-144.
Kalra, Y. 1997. Handbook of reference methods for plant analysis. CRC press, London.
Knijnenburg, J.T.N., F.M. Hilty, J. Oelofse, R. Buitendag, M.B. Zimmermann, I. Cakmak, and A.F. Grobler. 2018. Nano- and pheroid technologies for development of foliar iron fertilizers and iron biofortification of soybean grown in South Africa. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture. 5: 26-32.
Kumar, D., K. Patel, V. Ramani, A. Shukla, and R.S. Meena. 2020. Management of micronutrients in soil for the nutritional security. Nutrient Dynamics for Sustainable Crop Production. Springer, pp. 103-134.
Ma, J., M. Zhang, Z. Liu, H. Chen, Y.C. Li, Y. Sun, Q. Ma, and C. Zhao. 2019. Effects of foliar application of the mixture of copper and chelated iron on the yield, quality, photosynthesis, and microelement concentration of table grape (Vitis vinifera L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 254: 106-115.
Mohamed, H.I., E.A. Elsherbiny, and M.T. Abdelhamid. 2016. Physiological and biochemical responses of Vicia faba plants to foliar application of zinc and iron. Gesunde Pflanzen. 68: 201-212.
Nessabian, S., S.J. Ghoreyshi abhari, F. Farahavar, and M. Damankeshideh. 2011. The study of maize production comparative advantage in Iran. Economic Modelling. 5: 109-124.
Paech, K., and M.V. Tracey. 2013. Modern methods of plant analysis. Springer Science and Business Media.
Raesee, N., S.M.A. Vakili, G. Sarhady, and F. Torkynegad. 2015. Effects of manure, iron and zinc fertilizers on yield and yield components of cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 31: 138-149. (In Persian).
Ramzan, Y., M.B. Hafeez, S. Khan, M. Nadeem, S. Batool, and J. Ahmad. 2020. Biofortification with zinc and iron improves the grain quality and yield of wheat crop. International Journal of Plant Production. 49: 1-10.
Rezvani Khorshidi, E., F. Ghaderifar, A. Hamidi, and E. Soltani. 2017. Evaluation of various indicators related to physiological maturity, harvest time and highest seed quality determination in hybrid maize ( Zea mays). Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 4: 83-95. (In Persian).
Sori, M.K. 2016. Chelates and amino chelates and their nutritional role in plants. Agricultural Education and Promotion. 35:181-188.
Sori, M.K., F.Y. Sooraki, and M. Moghadamyar. 2017. Growth and quality of cucumber, tomato, and green bean under foliar and soil applications of an aminochelate fertilizer. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology. 58: 530-536.
Stacey, S.P., and D.M. Oosterhuis. 2007. Effect of EDTA on the foliar absorption of trace element fertilizers. Soil Fertility Studies.67: 80-81.
Vaghar, M.S., S. Sayfzadeh, H.R. Zakerin, S. Kobraee, and S.A. Valadabadi. 2020. Foliar application of iron, zinc, and manganese nano-chelates improves physiological indicators and soybean yield under water deficit stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 198: 1-17.
Wang, Z., W. Qiu, S. Pang, and J. Jiang. 2019. Effect of chelators on the production and nature of the reactive intermediates formed in Fe(II) activated peroxydisulfate and hydrogen peroxide processes. Water Research. 164: 114957.
Ziaei, S.M.M., K. Salimi, and S.R. Amiri. 2020. Investigation of quinoa cultivation (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under different irrigation intervals and foliar application in saravan region. Crop Physiology Journal. 12: 113-125. (In Persian).
_||_Afshari, M., A. Naderi, M. Mojadam, Sh. Lak., and M. Alavifazel. 2020. Zinc and iron-mediated alleviation water deficiency of maize by modulating antioxidant metabolism. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 48: 989-1004.
Al Heidary, M., J.P. Douzals, C. Sinfort, and A. Vallet. 2014. Influence of spray characteristics on potential spray drift of field crop sprayers: A literature review. Crop Protection. 63: 120-130.
Alihosinpour, F., M. Rafiee, and A. Farnya. 2011. Investigation the effect boron foliar application on quality and quantitative characteristics of soybean genotypes. Crop Physiology Journal. 3: 33-46. (In Persian).
Babaian, M., M. Hidari, and A. Ghanbari. 2011. Effect of water stress and foliar micronutrient application on physiological cahracteristics and nutrient uptake in sunflower (Helianthus annus). Journal of Iranian Society of Crops and Plant Breeding Sciences. 12: 377-391. (In Persian).
Chen, Y., and P. Barak. 1982. Iron nutrition of plants in calcareous soils. Advances in Agronomy. Elsevier, pp. 217-240.
Duffy, B. 2007. Zinc and plant disease. Mineral nutrition and plant disease. 155-175.
Fageria, N., V. Baligar, and R. Clark. 2002. Micronutrients in crop production. Advances in Agronomy. Elsevier, pp. 185-268.
Fageria, N.K., 2016. The use of nutrients in crop plants. CRC press.
Ghaffari Malayeri, M., G.A. Akbari, and A. Mohammadzadeh. 2012. Response of yield and yield components of corn on soil use and foliar application of micronutrients. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 10: 368-373. (In Persian).
Girma, K., K. Martin, K. Freeman, J. Mosali, R. Teal, W.R. Raun, S. Moges, and D. Arnall. 2007. Determination of optimum rate and growth stage for foliar applied phosphorus in corn. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 38: 1137-1154.
Goudarz, H., P. Kasraei, and B. Zand. 2014. Effect of different iron and zinc concentrations on yield and yield components of maize. Journal of Crop Production Research. 6: 49-61. (In Persian).
Hassanpouraghdam, M.B., L.V. Mehrabani, and N. Tzortzakis. 2020. Foliar application of nano-zinc and iron affects physiological attributes of rosmarinus officinalis and quietens NaCl salinity depression. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 20: 335-345.
Heitholt, J., J. Sloan, C. MacKown, and R. Cabrera. 2003. Soybean growth on calcareous soil as affected by three iron sources. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 26: 935-948.
Imsande, J. 1998. Iron, sulfur, and chlorophyll deficiencies: a need for an integrative approach in plant physiology. Physiologia Plantarum. 103: 139-144.
Kalra, Y. 1997. Handbook of reference methods for plant analysis. CRC press, London.
Knijnenburg, J.T.N., F.M. Hilty, J. Oelofse, R. Buitendag, M.B. Zimmermann, I. Cakmak, and A.F. Grobler. 2018. Nano- and pheroid technologies for development of foliar iron fertilizers and iron biofortification of soybean grown in South Africa. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture. 5: 26-32.
Kumar, D., K. Patel, V. Ramani, A. Shukla, and R.S. Meena. 2020. Management of micronutrients in soil for the nutritional security. Nutrient Dynamics for Sustainable Crop Production. Springer, pp. 103-134.
Ma, J., M. Zhang, Z. Liu, H. Chen, Y.C. Li, Y. Sun, Q. Ma, and C. Zhao. 2019. Effects of foliar application of the mixture of copper and chelated iron on the yield, quality, photosynthesis, and microelement concentration of table grape (Vitis vinifera L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 254: 106-115.
Mohamed, H.I., E.A. Elsherbiny, and M.T. Abdelhamid. 2016. Physiological and biochemical responses of Vicia faba plants to foliar application of zinc and iron. Gesunde Pflanzen. 68: 201-212.
Nessabian, S., S.J. Ghoreyshi abhari, F. Farahavar, and M. Damankeshideh. 2011. The study of maize production comparative advantage in Iran. Economic Modelling. 5: 109-124.
Paech, K., and M.V. Tracey. 2013. Modern methods of plant analysis. Springer Science and Business Media.
Raesee, N., S.M.A. Vakili, G. Sarhady, and F. Torkynegad. 2015. Effects of manure, iron and zinc fertilizers on yield and yield components of cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 31: 138-149. (In Persian).
Ramzan, Y., M.B. Hafeez, S. Khan, M. Nadeem, S. Batool, and J. Ahmad. 2020. Biofortification with zinc and iron improves the grain quality and yield of wheat crop. International Journal of Plant Production. 49: 1-10.
Rezvani Khorshidi, E., F. Ghaderifar, A. Hamidi, and E. Soltani. 2017. Evaluation of various indicators related to physiological maturity, harvest time and highest seed quality determination in hybrid maize ( Zea mays). Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 4: 83-95. (In Persian).
Sori, M.K. 2016. Chelates and amino chelates and their nutritional role in plants. Agricultural Education and Promotion. 35:181-188.
Sori, M.K., F.Y. Sooraki, and M. Moghadamyar. 2017. Growth and quality of cucumber, tomato, and green bean under foliar and soil applications of an aminochelate fertilizer. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology. 58: 530-536.
Stacey, S.P., and D.M. Oosterhuis. 2007. Effect of EDTA on the foliar absorption of trace element fertilizers. Soil Fertility Studies.67: 80-81.
Vaghar, M.S., S. Sayfzadeh, H.R. Zakerin, S. Kobraee, and S.A. Valadabadi. 2020. Foliar application of iron, zinc, and manganese nano-chelates improves physiological indicators and soybean yield under water deficit stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 198: 1-17.
Wang, Z., W. Qiu, S. Pang, and J. Jiang. 2019. Effect of chelators on the production and nature of the reactive intermediates formed in Fe(II) activated peroxydisulfate and hydrogen peroxide processes. Water Research. 164: 114957.
Ziaei, S.M.M., K. Salimi, and S.R. Amiri. 2020. Investigation of quinoa cultivation (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under different irrigation intervals and foliar application in saravan region. Crop Physiology Journal. 12: 113-125. (In Persian).