برهمکنش بافت¬های بیولوژیکی و امواج الکترومغناطیسی فرکانس پایین
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی مخابرات
1 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
کلید واژه: میدان¬های الکتریکی, میدان¬های مغناطیسی, اثرات بیولوژیکی, فرکانس پایین,
چکیده مقاله :
بررسی اثرات بیولوژیکی میدانهای الکترومغناطیسی یک موضوع جذاب برای محققین در سرتاسر دنیا میباشد. باند فرکانسی امواج فرکانس خیلی پایین، صفر تا 30 کیلوهرتز میباشد که برای زندگی انسان بسیار پرکاربرد و مفید است. در این مقاله تلاش میشود اثرات بیولوژیکی حاصل از امواج فرکانس پایین 50 و60 هرتز روی بافتهای بیولوژیکی موجودات زنده بررسی شود. این منابع شامل کامپیوتر، ریشتراش، سشوار و سایر وسایل الکترونیکی و همچنین برخی سیستم ها و تجهیزات مانند خطوط انتقال ولتاژ نیز از منابع فرکانس پایین میباشند. این آثار شامل اثرات گرمایی و غیرگرمایی است که خود به مسائلی مانند اثر بر تشکیل میکرونوکلئوس، اثر بر کروموزوم، فعالیت آنزیم، تکثیر سلول، سرطان خون، اثر روی حافظه و یادگیری، شکسته شدن DNA و اثر روی سیستم عصبی میپردازد. برخی استاندارهای مجاز تابش نیز مانند IEEEو ICNIRP معرفی شده است. همچنین مقادیر استاندارد و نکات پیشگیرانه برای حفاظت در مقابل این امواج و حفظ سلامت انسان بیان شده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Studing biological effects of electromagnetic fields is an attractive subject for researchers all of the world. The extremely low frequency fields frequency band (0-3KHz) is very applicable in the human life because of its benefits and utilizations. In this paper it is tried to investigate the biological effects of extremely low frequency fields (50/60 Hz) on biological effects of electromagnetic fields. It is due to computers, shavers, TVs, hair dryers and other low frequency devices. Some systems and equipment such as high voltage transmission lines are extremely low frequency fields sources too. The effects of these sources are divided into thermal and non-thermal which in turn focus on micronucleus formation, DNA strand, chromosome effects, enzyme activity, cell proliferation, leukemia, effects on memory and learning, brain tumor and effects on nervous system. Some exposure standard limits are introduced from IEEE and ICNIRP. Also, standard values and protection for human safety against extremely low frequency fields are proposed.
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[1] F. S. Alqurashi, A. Trichili, N. Saeed, B. S. Ooi, and M.-S. Alouini, “Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, pp. 1–1, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3219674.
[2] H. Aliyari, H. Sahraei, S. Gholabi, M.B. Menhaj, M. Kazemi, and Seyed Hossein Hosseinian, “The Effect of Electrical Fields From High-voltage Transmission Line on Cognitive, Biological, and Anatomical Changes in Male Rhesus macaque Monkeys Using MRI: A Case Report Study,” Basic and clinical neuroscience, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 433–442, Jul. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2021.1340.3.
[3] Asaad Shemshadi and Pourya Khorampour, “Novel Electric Field Exposure Control Methods for Multi-Story Buldings Installed in Vicinity of High-Voltage Apparatus Using FEM,” ASEAN Engineering Journal, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 179–203, Oct. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v11.17872.
[4] X. Zhang, “Magnetic Field Parameters and Biological Sample Differences That Lead to Differential Bioeffects,” pp. 1–30, Jan. 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8869-1_1
[5] P. Stavroulakis, Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
[6] M. Feychting, A. Ahlbom, and L. Kheifets, “EMF AND HEALTH,” Annual Review of Public Health, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 165–189, Apr. 2005, doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144445.
[7] G. Vianale, M. Reale, P. Amerio, M. Stefanachi, S. Di Luzio, and R. Muraro, “Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field enhances human keratinocyte cell growth and decreases proinflammatory chemokine production,” British Journal of Dermatology, vol. 158, no. 6, pp. 1189–1196, Jun. 2008, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08540.x.
[8] C. D’Angelo, E. Costantini, M. A. Kamal, and M. Reale, “Experimental model for ELF-EMF exposure: Concern for human health,” Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 75–84, Jan. 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.07.006.
[9] D. Belpomme, L. Hardell, I. Belyaev, E. Burgio, and D. O. Carpenter, “Thermal and non-thermal health effects of low intensity non-ionizing radiation: An international perspective,” Environmental Pollution, vol. 242, pp. 643–658, Nov. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.019.
[10] A. Lak, “Evaluation of Biological Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Fields on human body,” The national conference of electrical engineering and computer science of south of Iran, April 2013.
[11] A. Lak and Homayoon Oraizi, “Evaluation of SAR Distribution in Six-Layer Human Head Model,” International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2013, pp. 1–8, Jan. 2013, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/580872.
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