اثر تنظیم کننده پیکس بر رشد، میزان هیدراتهای کربن و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانی دانه‌رست پنبه
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
مریم نیاکان
1
(گروه زیست شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان)
عبدالرشید حبیبی
2
(گروه زیست شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان)
مه لقا قربانلی
3
(گروه زیست شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان)
کلید واژه: پنبه, رشد, آنزیم‌های انتی اکسیدان, پیکس,
چکیده مقاله :
پنبه از جمله گیاهانی است که معمولا بیش از حد متعارف رشد و نمو می‌یابد از این رو نسبت به تغییرات محیطی بسیار حساس می‌باشد. این رشد رویشی نا محدود نه تنها سبب دیررسی محصول و افت کیفیت می‌گردد بلکه آفات، بیماری‌ها و هزینه تولید را افزایش داده و مشکلاتی را در امر برداشت پنبه ایجاد می‌کند. پیکس یک تنظیم کننده رشد گیاهی می‌باشد که سبب کاهش رشد رویشی پنبه می‌شود.این تنظیم کننده مانند یک آنتی ژیبرلین عمل کرده و مانع از سنتز این هورمون می‌شود. تا کنون مطالعاتی در مورد اثر پیکس بر رشد گیاه صورت گرفته است ولیکن اطلاات اندکی در مورد اثر پیکس بر فرایندهای بیوشیمیایی موجود می‌باشد. در این تحقیق اثر غلظتهای مختلف پیکس شامل 0 (شاهد)، 10، 20، 30 و 40 پی پی ام بر درصد جوانه زنی، طول ریشه چه، میزان قندهای محلول و نشاسته، فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و پلی فنل اکسیداز در دانه‌رست گیاه پنبه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که درصد جوانه‌زنی با افزایش غلظت پیکس ازدیاد یافت و طول ریشه چه تا غلظت20 پی پی ام روند صعودی و در مقادیر بالاتر روند نزولی را طی نمود. همچنین با افزایش غلظت پیکس میزان قندهای محلول کاهش و نشاسته افزایش یافت.فعالیت کاتالاز کاهش ولیکن بر فعالیت انزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز افزوده شد.فعالیت پراکسیداز نیز تا غلظت 20 پی‌پی‌ام روند صعودی را طی نمود.
Cotton has non limitation growth and is sensitive to environmental changes and usually grows more than natural dimension. These non limitation growths not only cause serotine of product and quaility deacresing but also increase pests, disease and harvesing expenses in cotton. Pix is one plant growth regulator that cause decrease vegetative growth in cotton.It acts as antigibberellin and inhibits synthesis this hormone. There are some researches about effect of pix on growth parameters of cotton but a little information's are about pix effects on biochemical reactions and antioxidant systems. In this research effect of different concentrations of pix includes 0 (control)10, 20, 30 and 40ppm on germination percentage, radicle length and Catalase peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in cotton seedling was evaluated. Our results showed that percentage of germination increased with increasing pix concentration. Lenght of radicle increased until 20 ppm and decreased in concentration 30 and 40 ppm of pix. Also with increasing of pix amount of soluble sugar increasd and starch content decreased Catalase activity decreased while polyphenol oxidase activity increased. Activity peroxidase also increased until 30ppm concentration.
حدادخداپرست، م.ح. (1373) تکنولوژی روغن‌های خوراکی.انتشارات نشر مشهد
سرمدنیا، غ. کوچکی، ع. (1372) فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد
Alexieva, V., Sergiev, I., Mapelli, S., and Karanov, E., (2001). The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation an growth and stress markers in Cotton and Wheat. Plant, Cell and environment, Vol, 24, Pages, 1337. 22, 87-95.
Chance, B., and Maehly, C.(1995)Assay of catalase and peroxidase methods enzymol, 11:764-775.
Cothren, J.T., and P.H. Jost. (1998). Cotton varietal responses to plant growth regulator strategies. p. 1409. In Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Diego, CA. 5-9 Jan. 1998. Natl
Cathey, G.W., and W.R. Meredith. (1988). Cotton response to planting date and mepiquat chloride. Agron. J. 80: 463-466
Duan, L., Li, Z., Tian, X., Zhai, Z., and He, Z., (2005). Promoting effects of mepiquat chloride on lateral roots initiation of cotton seedling. China Agriculture University. p. 130-135.
He, Z.P., Min, X.J., and Li, P.M., (1988). Physiological effects of plant growth retardant DPC pn roots activity of cotton. Journal of Beijing Agricultural University. 14: 235-241
He, Z.P., (1993). Lab Guide for Crop Chimical Control. Beijing Agricultural University Press. Jackson, M.B., (1986). New root formation in cuttings. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1-200
Hodges, H.F., V.R. Reddy, and K.R, Reddy. (1991). Mepiquat chloride and temperature effects on photosynthesis and respiration of fruiting cotton. Crop Sci. 35: 1302-1308
Jost, P., Whitaker, J. Steve, M. Brown and Bednarz, C., (2006). Use of Plant Growth Regulators as a Management tool in Cotton.
Jung, J., B, Wurzer, and H. Von Amsberg. (1975). Biological activity of new onium compounds in cotton and other crops. p. 13. In Abctracts 1975 Meeting of the Plant Growth Regulator Working Group, 2nd, Chicago, IL. 27-29 Aug. 1975. E.F. Sullivan, Longmont, CO.
Kerby, T.A., (1985). Cotton response to mepiquat chloride. Agron. J. 77: 515-518
Kochert, G. 1978. Carbohydrate determination by phenol sulfuric acid method in: Helebust, J. A. CRAIG, J. S. (ed): Hard book of method. 56-97.
Koroi, S.A.(1989) Gel elektrophers tische and spectral photometris choe unter uchngen zomein fiuss der temperature auf straktur and aktritat der amylase and peroxidase isoenzyme, Physiol Veg 20:15-23.
Manoranjan Kar and Dina Bandhu Mishra.(1976) Catalase, proxidase and poly phenol oxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant Biochemistry and Enzymology,57:pp. 315-319.
Nagashima, G.T., Marur, C.J., Yamaoka, R.S., Miglioranza, E., (2005). Development of cotton plant from seed soaked with mepiquat chloride. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. V. 40. P. 943-946.
Nichols, S.P., Charles, E., Snipes and Mike, A.J., (2003). Evaluation of Row Spacing and Mepiquat Chloride in Cotton. 7: 148-155
Oosterhuis, D.M., and J.N. Egilla. (1996). Field evaluation of plant growth regulator for effect on the growth and yield of cotton summary of 1995 results. P. 1213-1215. In P. Dugger and D.A. Richter (ed.) 1996 Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 9-12 Jan. 1996. Natl. Cotton Council of Am., Memphis, TN.
Potter, I., and S. Fry. (1993). Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity an pea internodes. Palnt Physiol. 103: 235-241.
Reddy, V.R., Hodges, K.R., and Reddy, V.R., (1992). Temperature effects on cotton fruit retention. Agron. J. 84: 26-30
Reddy, V.R., A. Trent, and B. Acock. (1992). Mepiquat chloride and irrigation versus cotton growth and development. Agron. J. 84: 930-933
Singh, S. and Ram, T., (1997). Growth Response of diverse rice genotypes to exogenous application of GA3. In t. Rice Res. Notes 22-31
Stuart, B.L., V.R. Isbell, C.W. Wendt, and J.R. Abernathy. (1984). Modification of cotton water relations and growth with mepiquat chloride. Agron. J. 76:651-655
Wanjura, D.F., Mahan, J.R., and Upchurch, D.R., (1996). Early season irrigation and in fluence on soil temperature and cotton yield. P. 517-522. In Proc. Beltwide cotton conf., Nashville, TN. 9-12 Jan. 1996. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am., Memphis, TN.
Wassmann, S., Wassmann, K., and Nickening, G., (2004). Moduletion of Oxidant and Qntioxidant Enzyme Expression and Function in Vascular Cells ; American heart association.
Willard, J., M.Schroeder, J. Thompson, J. Daniel, and C. Carter. (1976). Effects of 1,1-dimethyl piperidinium chloride (BAS 083 00 E) of cotton yield and develomment. p. 8. In Abstracts 1976. Meeting of the Plant Growth Regulator Working Group, 3rd, Baton Rouge, LA. 11-13 Aug. 1967. E.F. Sullivan, Longmont, CO.
Zhang, J.T., Cothren and Lorenz, E.J., (1990). Mepiquat chloride seed treatment and germination temperature effects on cotton growth, nutrient partitioning, and water use efficiency. P: 195-199
_||_حدادخداپرست، م.ح. (1373) تکنولوژی روغن‌های خوراکی.انتشارات نشر مشهد
سرمدنیا، غ. کوچکی، ع. (1372) فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد
Alexieva, V., Sergiev, I., Mapelli, S., and Karanov, E., (2001). The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation an growth and stress markers in Cotton and Wheat. Plant, Cell and environment, Vol, 24, Pages, 1337. 22, 87-95.
Chance, B., and Maehly, C.(1995)Assay of catalase and peroxidase methods enzymol, 11:764-775.
Cothren, J.T., and P.H. Jost. (1998). Cotton varietal responses to plant growth regulator strategies. p. 1409. In Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Diego, CA. 5-9 Jan. 1998. Natl
Cathey, G.W., and W.R. Meredith. (1988). Cotton response to planting date and mepiquat chloride. Agron. J. 80: 463-466
Duan, L., Li, Z., Tian, X., Zhai, Z., and He, Z., (2005). Promoting effects of mepiquat chloride on lateral roots initiation of cotton seedling. China Agriculture University. p. 130-135.
He, Z.P., Min, X.J., and Li, P.M., (1988). Physiological effects of plant growth retardant DPC pn roots activity of cotton. Journal of Beijing Agricultural University. 14: 235-241
He, Z.P., (1993). Lab Guide for Crop Chimical Control. Beijing Agricultural University Press. Jackson, M.B., (1986). New root formation in cuttings. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1-200
Hodges, H.F., V.R. Reddy, and K.R, Reddy. (1991). Mepiquat chloride and temperature effects on photosynthesis and respiration of fruiting cotton. Crop Sci. 35: 1302-1308
Jost, P., Whitaker, J. Steve, M. Brown and Bednarz, C., (2006). Use of Plant Growth Regulators as a Management tool in Cotton.
Jung, J., B, Wurzer, and H. Von Amsberg. (1975). Biological activity of new onium compounds in cotton and other crops. p. 13. In Abctracts 1975 Meeting of the Plant Growth Regulator Working Group, 2nd, Chicago, IL. 27-29 Aug. 1975. E.F. Sullivan, Longmont, CO.
Kerby, T.A., (1985). Cotton response to mepiquat chloride. Agron. J. 77: 515-518
Kochert, G. 1978. Carbohydrate determination by phenol sulfuric acid method in: Helebust, J. A. CRAIG, J. S. (ed): Hard book of method. 56-97.
Koroi, S.A.(1989) Gel elektrophers tische and spectral photometris choe unter uchngen zomein fiuss der temperature auf straktur and aktritat der amylase and peroxidase isoenzyme, Physiol Veg 20:15-23.
Manoranjan Kar and Dina Bandhu Mishra.(1976) Catalase, proxidase and poly phenol oxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant Biochemistry and Enzymology,57:pp. 315-319.
Nagashima, G.T., Marur, C.J., Yamaoka, R.S., Miglioranza, E., (2005). Development of cotton plant from seed soaked with mepiquat chloride. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. V. 40. P. 943-946.
Nichols, S.P., Charles, E., Snipes and Mike, A.J., (2003). Evaluation of Row Spacing and Mepiquat Chloride in Cotton. 7: 148-155
Oosterhuis, D.M., and J.N. Egilla. (1996). Field evaluation of plant growth regulator for effect on the growth and yield of cotton summary of 1995 results. P. 1213-1215. In P. Dugger and D.A. Richter (ed.) 1996 Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 9-12 Jan. 1996. Natl. Cotton Council of Am., Memphis, TN.
Potter, I., and S. Fry. (1993). Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity an pea internodes. Palnt Physiol. 103: 235-241.
Reddy, V.R., Hodges, K.R., and Reddy, V.R., (1992). Temperature effects on cotton fruit retention. Agron. J. 84: 26-30
Reddy, V.R., A. Trent, and B. Acock. (1992). Mepiquat chloride and irrigation versus cotton growth and development. Agron. J. 84: 930-933
Singh, S. and Ram, T., (1997). Growth Response of diverse rice genotypes to exogenous application of GA3. In t. Rice Res. Notes 22-31
Stuart, B.L., V.R. Isbell, C.W. Wendt, and J.R. Abernathy. (1984). Modification of cotton water relations and growth with mepiquat chloride. Agron. J. 76:651-655
Wanjura, D.F., Mahan, J.R., and Upchurch, D.R., (1996). Early season irrigation and in fluence on soil temperature and cotton yield. P. 517-522. In Proc. Beltwide cotton conf., Nashville, TN. 9-12 Jan. 1996. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am., Memphis, TN.
Wassmann, S., Wassmann, K., and Nickening, G., (2004). Moduletion of Oxidant and Qntioxidant Enzyme Expression and Function in Vascular Cells ; American heart association.
Willard, J., M.Schroeder, J. Thompson, J. Daniel, and C. Carter. (1976). Effects of 1,1-dimethyl piperidinium chloride (BAS 083 00 E) of cotton yield and develomment. p. 8. In Abstracts 1976. Meeting of the Plant Growth Regulator Working Group, 3rd, Baton Rouge, LA. 11-13 Aug. 1967. E.F. Sullivan, Longmont, CO.
Zhang, J.T., Cothren and Lorenz, E.J., (1990). Mepiquat chloride seed treatment and germination temperature effects on cotton growth, nutrient partitioning, and water use efficiency. P: 195-199