اثر قارچ میکوریزا بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک، مقدار ترکیبات فنلی و فلورسانس کلروفیل گیاه دارویی گاوزبان (Borago officinails L.) تحت خشکی
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
علی رحیمی
1
(گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران)
شاهرخ جهانبین
2
(گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران)
امین صالحی
3
(گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران)
هوشنگ فرجی
4
(گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران)
کلید واژه: آبیاری, شاخص سطح برگ, ترکیبات فنلی, شاخه‌های فرعی, فلورسانس کلروفیل,
چکیده مقاله :
خشکی یکی از عوامل اثر گذار بر گیاهان دارویی است و از سویی، نقش قارچ میکوریزا در بهبود عملکرد برخی گیاهان دارویی مواجه با تنش خشکی مؤثر بوده است. لذا به بدین منظور، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در منطقه بویراحمد و در سال‌های 1394 و 1395 اجرا گردید. عامل‌های آزمایش شامل سطوح آبیاری (عامل اصلی) به صورت آبیاری پس از 30، 60، 90، 120 و 150 میلی‌متر تبخیر آب از تشتک تبخیر کلاس Aو قارچ میکوریزا (عامل فرعی) در سطوح عدم کاربرد، کاربرد Glomus mosseaeو کاربرد Glomus intraradices لحاظ شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر سال بر صفات مورد مطالعه گاوزبان معنی‌دار نبود. اثر تنش خشکی بر شاخص سطح برگ گاوزبان معنی‌دار و در آبیاری پس از 30 و 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر بالاترین شاخص سطح برگ بدست آمد. کاربرد قارچ‌های میکوریزا Glomus mosseaeو Glomus intraradices مقدار فنل گاوزبان را نسبت به شرایط عدم کاربرد قارچ به ترتیب 13 و 9 درصد افزایش دادند. با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی از 30 میلی‌متر به 150 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر، ارتفاع، تعداد شاخه‌های فرعی و فلورسانس کلروفیل کاهش یافتند، اما کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا توانست صفات مورد مطالعه گاوزبان را در شرایط تنش خشکی در این بررسی افزایش دهد و از میزان اثرات منفی تنش خشکی بکاهد.
Drought is one of the factors that affect medicinal plants. On the other hand, the role of mycorrhiza fungi was effective in improving the performance of some medicinal plants exposed to draught stress. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Boyerahmad region during 2015 - 2016. The experiment factors consisted of irrigation levels (main plot) as irrigation after S1 =30, S2 =60, S3 =90, S4 =120 and S5 =150 mm water evaporation from evaporation pan class A and mycorrhiza fungi (sub plot) consisted of non-inoculation (NG), inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi species of Glomus mosseae (GM) and Glomus intraradices (GI). Results showed that the effect of year on the studied traits of Borage was not significant. The effect of drought stress on leaf area index of Borage was significant and in the irrigation after 30 and 60 mm evaporation the highest LAI was obtained. The application of mycorrhiza fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices increased the amount of phenols of Borageby %13 and% 9, respectively as compared with the plants not inoculated with mycorrhiza fungi. Increase in the drought from 30 mm to 150 mm decreased evaporation, height, number of tributaries and chlorophyll fluorescence, but the application of mycorrhiza could increase the studied characteristics of Borage under drought stress conditions and decrease the negative effects of stress.
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