ارزیابی اثر پوترسین بر برخی شاخص‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی نهال‌های استبرق (Calotropis procera Ait) تحت شرایط خشکی
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیکمجتبی دولت کردستانی 1 , منصور تقوایی 2 , سعید برخوری 3
1 - گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران
2 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
3 - گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران
کلید واژه: کلروفیل, پرولین, خشکی, آنتی‌اکسیدان, پلی‌آمین,
چکیده مقاله :
با توجه به اهمیت درختچه استبرق در احیای مناطق خشک و بیابانی و قرار گیری کشور ایران در مناطق کم باران و خشک تاکنون پژوهش های کافی برای شناخت ویژگی های مورفوفیزیولوژیک درختچه استبرق در شرایط تنش خشکی و تعیین جایگاه پوترسین در کاهش اثرات مخرب خشکی انجام نشده است. به همین منظور پژوهشی با هدف اثر پوترسین بر برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی نهال های استبرق در شرایط تنش خشکی، به‌صورت طرح کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه هرمزگان انجام شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل پنج سطح (1 (شاهد)، 3، 6، 9 و 12 روز دور آبیاری) و تیمار پوترسین به صورت محلول پاشی برگی 3 نوبت به فاصله 20 روز یکبار در پنج سطح (0، 5/0، 1، 5/1 و 2 میلی مولار) در پلات های فرعی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش دور آبیاری تا 12 روز سبب کاهش سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و محتوای کلروفیل شد. همچنین افزایش دور آبیاری تا 12 روز سبب افزایش محتوای پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز گردید. افزایش در غلظت پوترسین به طور معنی داری سبب افزایش سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه، محتوای کلروفیل، محتوای پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، پراکسیداز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز در برگ ها گردید. بهترین تیمار پوترسین جهت کاهش اثرات مخرب خشکی در غلظت 2 میلی مولار مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده استفاده از پوترسین جهت استقرار این گیاه در شرایط خشکی قابل توصیه می باشد.
Given the importance of Giant Milkweed shrub in reclamation of deserts and arid regions, and position of Iran in low rainfall and arid areas, so far enough research has not been done to understand the morpho-physiological properties of the Giant Milkweed shrub under drought stress conditions and to determine the status of putrescine in reducing the devastating effects of drought. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted in a split plot randomized complete block design with four replications to determine the effect of putrescine on some morphological and physiological characteristics of Giant Milkweed seedlings under drought stress conditions in Research Farm of the University of Hormozgan. The main factor included five levels of irrigation (1 (control), 3, 6, 9 and 12 days irrigation intervals) and putrescine treatment by foliar sprays at 3 steps every 20 days at five levels (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mM) in sub plots. Results showed that an increase in irrigation interval up to 12 days reduced leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoots, fresh and dry weight of roots, and chlorophyll content. Also, increased irrigation interval up to 12 days increased proline content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase enzymes activities. Increase in the concentration of putrescine, led to a significant increase in leaf area, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, chlorophyll content, proline content, and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes activities in the leaves. The best putrescine treatment to reduce the devastating effects of drought was observed at concentration of 2 mM. According to the results obtained, the use of putrescine to establish the plant in dry conditions is recommended.
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