بررسی اثر پیش تیماری توام کلرور سدیم و زمان بر رشد، وضعیت رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و نسبت‌های فتوسیستمی در سیانوباکتریوم خاکزی Calothrix sp. FS 65
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
حمیده سادات امیرلطیفی
1
(گروه زیست شناسی ، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران)
شادمان شکروی
2
(گروه زیست شناسی ، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران)
آرین ساطعی
3
(گروه زیست شناسی ، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران)
مازیار احمدی گلسفیدی
4
(گروه شیمی ، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران)
مهرعلی محمود جانلو
5
(گروه زیست شناسی ، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران)
کلید واژه: شوری, سیانوباکتری, پیش تیمار, اکوفیزیولوژی, کالوتریکس,
چکیده مقاله :
در این تحقیق امکان تغییر در رشد، توده زنده و رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی سیانوباکتری خاکزی Calothrix sp. FS 65، از طریق دو عامل پیش تیمار با غلظت‌های مختلف (17، 80 و 160 میلی‌مولار) کلرور سدیم و زمان (24 و 96 ساعت) بررسی شد. سیانوباکتری پس از تخلیص به مدت 24 ساعت و 96 ساعت در شوری 17، 80 و 160 میلی مولار کلرور سدیم قرار گرفت و سپس به محیط کشت عادی فاقد نمک اضافی منتقل گردید. سنجش‌ها شامل بقا و رشد، سنجش‌های رنگیزه‌ای در زیوه (فیکوسیانین، آلوفیکوسیانین، فیکواریترین، کلروفیل) و مقایسه تاثیر توام زمان و شوری بر نسبت‌های فتوسیستمی نمونه بود. نتایج نشان داد که پیش تیمارهای 24 ساعت، قادر به حذف کامل فاز تاخیری در رشد نمونه بودند. با توجه به نقش فاز تاخیری در خوگیری از طریق ایجاد ساختارهای لازم فعالیت نیتروژنازی و نیز پوشش‌های هوشمند برون سلولی، حذف فاز تاخیری می تواند دستاورد قابل توجهی تلقی گردد. محتوای اجزای سازنده فیکوبیلی زوم یعنی فیکوسیانین، فیکواریترین و آلوفیکوسیانین تحت تاثیر 96 ساعت در شوری 160 میلی مولار تا بیش از 60 درصد افزایش یافت. نسبت فتوسیستم یک به دو در شوری 17 میلی مولار و زمان 24 ساعت به بیشینه خود رسید و در شوری 160 میلی‌مولار و 96 ساعت کاهش معنی دار داشت. در زمان‌ها و تیمارهای بینابینی اختلاف وجود داشت ولی معنی‌دار نبود. روی هم رفته استفاده از پیش تیمارهای ساده شوری و زمان توانست کارایی انتقال انرژی در فتوسیستم‌ها و تولید انرژی و ردکتان را افزایش دهد که برای بیوتکنولوژی کشت‌های انبوه امتیاز بزرگی محسوب می‌شود.
Possibility of the growth, biomass and photosynthetic pigment content fluctuations were surveyed in the soil cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. FS 65 via the combinations of two parameters means different concentration of salinity (17 , 80 and 160 mM) and time (24 and 96 hours). After purification, axenic culture of the cyanobacterium was pretreated with 24 and 96 hours in 17, 80, and 160 mM NaCl and then moved to usual culture media without extra salinity. Analysis included survivality and growth, in vivo pigment (phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, phycoerythrin and chlorophylls) and comparison of the combination of time and salinity on photosystem ratios. Results showed that the 24 hours pretreatments cause the complete deletion of the lag phase of the growth curve of such a strain. This may be an outstanding result regarding the role of lag phase on the acclimation processes and essential compartments of the nitrogenase and meanwhile intelligent outer layers envelopes. The main components of phycobilisomes means phycocyanin, phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin increase more than sixty percent after 96 hours pretreatment in 160 mM salinity. The phosystems ratio reached to the maximum at 24 hours after 17 mM salinity and then decreased significantly at the 96 mM at 96 hours after inoculation. The difference between the intercalary times and treatments seems insignificance despite that there was obvious difference. Collectively, using pretreatments may have considerable effects on the energy transfer in photosystems and the production of the energy and reductans which seem the great advantageous for the large scale cultivation technology.
References
Ahmadi, H., Shokravi, Sh., and Soltani, N. (2010). Studying of viability and growth of the soil cyanobacterium at combination effects of salinity pH and Carbon dioxide availability., Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Amirlatifi, F., Soltani, N., Saadatmand, S., Shokravi, S., and Dezfulian, M. (2013). Crude Oil-induced Morphological and Physiological Responses in Cyanobacterium Microchaete tenera ISC13. International Journal of Environmental Research, 7(4):1007-1014.
Amirlatifi, H.S., Shokravi, Sh., Sateei, A., Golsefidi, M.A., and Mahmoudjanlo, M. (2018). Samples of Cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. ISC 65 Collected from Oil Polluted Regions Respond to Combined Effects of Salinity, Extremely Low-Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Irradiance. International Journalon Algae, 20(2): 193–210.
Anagnostidis, K. and Komarek, J. (1990). Modern approaches to the classification of cyanobacteria. Stigonematales. Achieves for Hydrobiology, 4: 224-286.
Boshruye, A., Shokravi, Sh. and Soltani, N. (2007). Studying of physiological responses of agriculture land protected microalgae to extreme temperature conditions resulted from possibly military attacks. Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc.), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Chakigar, Sh., Shokravi, Sh., and Marvizadeh, S. (2014). Ecophysiological studying of aclimation of the soil cyanobacteria Microchaete sp. FS13 to combination effect of salinity and extremely limited irradiance. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 9(33): 216-228.
Desikachary,T.V. (1959). Cyanophyta, Indian council of agricultural research, New Delhi.
Ernst, A., and Boger, P. (1985). Glycogen accumulation and the induction of nitrogenase activity in the heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis. Microbiology, 131(12): 3147-3153.
Fraser, J.M., Tulk, S.E., Jeans, J.A., Campbell, D.A., Bibby, T.S., and Cockshutt, A.M. (2013). Photophysiological and photosynthetic complex changes during iron starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. PLoS One, 8(3): e59861.
Fatma, T. (2009). Screening of cyanobacteria for phycobiliproteins and effect of different environmental stress on its yield. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 83(4): 509.
Hifney, A.F., Issa, A.A., and Fawzy, M.A. (2013). Abiotic stress induced production of β-carotene, allophycocyanin and total lipids in Spirulina sp. Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences, 3(1): 54-64.
Ho, M.Y., Soulier, N.T., Canniffe, D.P., Shen, G., and Bryant, D.A. (2017). Light regulation of pigment and photosystem biosynthesis in cyanobacteria. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 37: 24-33.
Iranshahi, S., Nejadsattari, T., Soltani, N., Shokravi, Sh., and Dezfulian, M. (2014). The effect of salinity on morphological and molecular characters and physiological responses of Nostoc sp. ISC 101. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 13(4): 907-917.
John, D.M., Whitton, B.W. and Brook, A.J. (2003). The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles -Cambridge University Press.
Kaushik, B. D.(1987). Laboratory methods for blue-green algae. Associated Publishing Company, New Delhi, India.
Kumar Srivastava, A., Bhargava, P., Mishra, Y., Shukla, B., and Chand Rai, L. (2006). Effect of pretreatment of salt, copper and temperature on ultraviolet‐B‐induced antioxidants in diazotrophic cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 46(2): 135-144.
Leganés, F., Sánchez-Maeso, E., and Fernández-Valiente, E. (1987). Effect of indoleacetic acid on growth and dinitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria. Plant and Cell Physiology, 28(3): 529-533.
Mishra, Y., Chaurasia, N., and Rai, L.C. (2009). Heat Pretreatment Alleviates UV‐B Toxicity in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum: A Proteomic Analysis of Cross Tolerance. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 85(3): 824-833.
Poza-Carrión, C., Fernández-Valiente, E., Piñas, F.F., and Leganés, F. (2001). Acclimation to photosynthetic pigments and photosynthesis of the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain UAM206 to combined fluctuations of irradiance, pH, and inorganic carbon availability. Journal of Plant Physiology 158: 1455-1461.
Prescott, G.W. (1962). Algae of the western great lake area W.M.C. Brown Company Publication.
Rai, A.N. (2018). Cyanobacteria in symbiosis. In CRC handbook of symbiotic cyanobacteria (pp. 7-14). CRC Press.
Sasani, Z., Shokravi, Sh. Khalilzadeh, R., and Sateei, A. (2009). Studying of acclimation of microalgae as possible shields in agriculture at extreme Carbon dioxide concentrations included by possibly military attacks. Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc.), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Shokavi, Sh. (2017). Cyanobacteriology 2 (Necessity of Rethinking): Time, Dimensions and the View of Ouspensky in the Tertium Organum, pp. 73-81. FL: Jahad-Daneshgahi- Shahid Beheshti University Press.
Shokravi, Sh., Amirlatifi, H. S., Pakzad, A., Abbasi, B., and Soltani, N. (2014). Physiological and Morphological Responses of Unexplored Cyanoprokaryota Anabaena sp. FS 77 Collected from Oil Polluted Soils under a Combination of Extreme Conditions. International Journal on Algae, 16(2): 164-180
Shokravi, Sh., and Soltani, N. (2012). The Effect of Ammonium on Viability, Growth and Pigment Composition of Fischerella sp. International Journal on Algae, 14(1): 63-71.
Shokravi, Sh., and Soltani, N. (2011). Acclimation of the Hapalosiphon sp. FS 56 (Cyanoprokaryota) to combination effects of dissolved inorganic carbon and pH at extremely limited irradiance, International Journal on Algae, 13(4): 379–391.
Shokravi, Sh. and Sateei, A. (2004). Morphological Characterization of Certain Potent Strains of Cyanobacteria of Golestan Province., research projects, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Sobiechowska-Sasim, M., Stoń-Egiert, J., and Kosakowska, A. (2014). Quantitative analysis of extracted phycobilin pigments in cyanobacteria—an assessment of spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods. Journal of Applied Phycology, 26(5): 2065-2074.
Soltani, N., Baftechi, L., Dezfulian, M., Shokravi, Sh., and Alnajar, N., (2012). Molecular and morphological characterization of Oil polluted microalgae, International Journal of Environmental Research 6(2): 481–492.
Soltani, N., Siahbalaie, R. and Shokravi, Sh. (2011). Taxonomical characterization of Fischerella sp. FS18-A multidisciplinary approach, International Journal on Algae, 1: 48-55.
Soltani, N., Baftechi, L., & Ehsan, S. (2009). Isolation and record of new species of cyanobacteria belonged to oscillatoriaceae from Tehran province with use of different culture media. Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology, 4: 2(14).
Soltani, N., Khavarinejad, R.A., TabatabaeiYazdi, M., and Shokravi, Sh. (2007). Growth and metabolic Feature of cyanobacteria Fischerella sp. FS18 in different combined nitrogen sources Iranian Journal of Science, 18(2): 123-128.
Steele, D.J., Franklin, D.J., and Underwood, G.J. (2014). Protection of cells from salinity stress by extracellular polymeric substances in diatom biofilms, Biofouling, 30(8): 987-998.
Tang, E.P., and Vincent, W.F. (1999). Strategies of thermal adaptation by high-latitude cyanobacteria. The New Phytologist, 142(2): 315-323
Ueno, Y., Aikawa, S., Niwa, K., Abe, T., Murakami, A., Kondo, A., and Akimoto, S. (2017). Variety in excitation energy transfer processes from phycobilisomes to photosystems I and II. Photosynthesis research, 133(1-3): 235-243.
Vakili, F., Shokravi, Sh., Ghorchibeigi, K., and Soltani, N. (2005). Studying of growth and heterocycst variationsin Fischerella ambigua., Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Yamamoto, Y., and Nakahara, H. (2005). The formation and degradation of cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos-aquae blooms: The importance of pH, water temperature, and day length. Limnology. 6(1):1-6.
Zorz, J.K., Allanach, J.R., Murphy, C.D., Roodvoets, M.S., Campbell, D.A., and
Cockshutt, A.M. (2015). The RUBISCO to photosystem II ratio limits the maximum photosynthetic rate in picocyanobacteria. Life, 5(1): 403-417.
www.Irandoc.ac.ir
_||_References
Ahmadi, H., Shokravi, Sh., and Soltani, N. (2010). Studying of viability and growth of the soil cyanobacterium at combination effects of salinity pH and Carbon dioxide availability., Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Amirlatifi, F., Soltani, N., Saadatmand, S., Shokravi, S., and Dezfulian, M. (2013). Crude Oil-induced Morphological and Physiological Responses in Cyanobacterium Microchaete tenera ISC13. International Journal of Environmental Research, 7(4):1007-1014.
Amirlatifi, H.S., Shokravi, Sh., Sateei, A., Golsefidi, M.A., and Mahmoudjanlo, M. (2018). Samples of Cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. ISC 65 Collected from Oil Polluted Regions Respond to Combined Effects of Salinity, Extremely Low-Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Irradiance. International Journalon Algae, 20(2): 193–210.
Anagnostidis, K. and Komarek, J. (1990). Modern approaches to the classification of cyanobacteria. Stigonematales. Achieves for Hydrobiology, 4: 224-286.
Boshruye, A., Shokravi, Sh. and Soltani, N. (2007). Studying of physiological responses of agriculture land protected microalgae to extreme temperature conditions resulted from possibly military attacks. Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc.), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Chakigar, Sh., Shokravi, Sh., and Marvizadeh, S. (2014). Ecophysiological studying of aclimation of the soil cyanobacteria Microchaete sp. FS13 to combination effect of salinity and extremely limited irradiance. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 9(33): 216-228.
Desikachary,T.V. (1959). Cyanophyta, Indian council of agricultural research, New Delhi.
Ernst, A., and Boger, P. (1985). Glycogen accumulation and the induction of nitrogenase activity in the heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis. Microbiology, 131(12): 3147-3153.
Fraser, J.M., Tulk, S.E., Jeans, J.A., Campbell, D.A., Bibby, T.S., and Cockshutt, A.M. (2013). Photophysiological and photosynthetic complex changes during iron starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. PLoS One, 8(3): e59861.
Fatma, T. (2009). Screening of cyanobacteria for phycobiliproteins and effect of different environmental stress on its yield. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 83(4): 509.
Hifney, A.F., Issa, A.A., and Fawzy, M.A. (2013). Abiotic stress induced production of β-carotene, allophycocyanin and total lipids in Spirulina sp. Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences, 3(1): 54-64.
Ho, M.Y., Soulier, N.T., Canniffe, D.P., Shen, G., and Bryant, D.A. (2017). Light regulation of pigment and photosystem biosynthesis in cyanobacteria. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 37: 24-33.
Iranshahi, S., Nejadsattari, T., Soltani, N., Shokravi, Sh., and Dezfulian, M. (2014). The effect of salinity on morphological and molecular characters and physiological responses of Nostoc sp. ISC 101. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 13(4): 907-917.
John, D.M., Whitton, B.W. and Brook, A.J. (2003). The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles -Cambridge University Press.
Kaushik, B. D.(1987). Laboratory methods for blue-green algae. Associated Publishing Company, New Delhi, India.
Kumar Srivastava, A., Bhargava, P., Mishra, Y., Shukla, B., and Chand Rai, L. (2006). Effect of pretreatment of salt, copper and temperature on ultraviolet‐B‐induced antioxidants in diazotrophic cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 46(2): 135-144.
Leganés, F., Sánchez-Maeso, E., and Fernández-Valiente, E. (1987). Effect of indoleacetic acid on growth and dinitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria. Plant and Cell Physiology, 28(3): 529-533.
Mishra, Y., Chaurasia, N., and Rai, L.C. (2009). Heat Pretreatment Alleviates UV‐B Toxicity in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum: A Proteomic Analysis of Cross Tolerance. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 85(3): 824-833.
Poza-Carrión, C., Fernández-Valiente, E., Piñas, F.F., and Leganés, F. (2001). Acclimation to photosynthetic pigments and photosynthesis of the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain UAM206 to combined fluctuations of irradiance, pH, and inorganic carbon availability. Journal of Plant Physiology 158: 1455-1461.
Prescott, G.W. (1962). Algae of the western great lake area W.M.C. Brown Company Publication.
Rai, A.N. (2018). Cyanobacteria in symbiosis. In CRC handbook of symbiotic cyanobacteria (pp. 7-14). CRC Press.
Sasani, Z., Shokravi, Sh. Khalilzadeh, R., and Sateei, A. (2009). Studying of acclimation of microalgae as possible shields in agriculture at extreme Carbon dioxide concentrations included by possibly military attacks. Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc.), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Shokavi, Sh. (2017). Cyanobacteriology 2 (Necessity of Rethinking): Time, Dimensions and the View of Ouspensky in the Tertium Organum, pp. 73-81. FL: Jahad-Daneshgahi- Shahid Beheshti University Press.
Shokravi, Sh., Amirlatifi, H. S., Pakzad, A., Abbasi, B., and Soltani, N. (2014). Physiological and Morphological Responses of Unexplored Cyanoprokaryota Anabaena sp. FS 77 Collected from Oil Polluted Soils under a Combination of Extreme Conditions. International Journal on Algae, 16(2): 164-180
Shokravi, Sh., and Soltani, N. (2012). The Effect of Ammonium on Viability, Growth and Pigment Composition of Fischerella sp. International Journal on Algae, 14(1): 63-71.
Shokravi, Sh., and Soltani, N. (2011). Acclimation of the Hapalosiphon sp. FS 56 (Cyanoprokaryota) to combination effects of dissolved inorganic carbon and pH at extremely limited irradiance, International Journal on Algae, 13(4): 379–391.
Shokravi, Sh. and Sateei, A. (2004). Morphological Characterization of Certain Potent Strains of Cyanobacteria of Golestan Province., research projects, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Sobiechowska-Sasim, M., Stoń-Egiert, J., and Kosakowska, A. (2014). Quantitative analysis of extracted phycobilin pigments in cyanobacteria—an assessment of spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods. Journal of Applied Phycology, 26(5): 2065-2074.
Soltani, N., Baftechi, L., Dezfulian, M., Shokravi, Sh., and Alnajar, N., (2012). Molecular and morphological characterization of Oil polluted microalgae, International Journal of Environmental Research 6(2): 481–492.
Soltani, N., Siahbalaie, R. and Shokravi, Sh. (2011). Taxonomical characterization of Fischerella sp. FS18-A multidisciplinary approach, International Journal on Algae, 1: 48-55.
Soltani, N., Baftechi, L., & Ehsan, S. (2009). Isolation and record of new species of cyanobacteria belonged to oscillatoriaceae from Tehran province with use of different culture media. Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology, 4: 2(14).
Soltani, N., Khavarinejad, R.A., TabatabaeiYazdi, M., and Shokravi, Sh. (2007). Growth and metabolic Feature of cyanobacteria Fischerella sp. FS18 in different combined nitrogen sources Iranian Journal of Science, 18(2): 123-128.
Steele, D.J., Franklin, D.J., and Underwood, G.J. (2014). Protection of cells from salinity stress by extracellular polymeric substances in diatom biofilms, Biofouling, 30(8): 987-998.
Tang, E.P., and Vincent, W.F. (1999). Strategies of thermal adaptation by high-latitude cyanobacteria. The New Phytologist, 142(2): 315-323
Ueno, Y., Aikawa, S., Niwa, K., Abe, T., Murakami, A., Kondo, A., and Akimoto, S. (2017). Variety in excitation energy transfer processes from phycobilisomes to photosystems I and II. Photosynthesis research, 133(1-3): 235-243.
Vakili, F., Shokravi, Sh., Ghorchibeigi, K., and Soltani, N. (2005). Studying of growth and heterocycst variationsin Fischerella ambigua., Thesis of Plant Science (M.Sc), Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch.
Yamamoto, Y., and Nakahara, H. (2005). The formation and degradation of cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos-aquae blooms: The importance of pH, water temperature, and day length. Limnology. 6(1):1-6.
Zorz, J.K., Allanach, J.R., Murphy, C.D., Roodvoets, M.S., Campbell, D.A., and
Cockshutt, A.M. (2015). The RUBISCO to photosystem II ratio limits the maximum photosynthetic rate in picocyanobacteria. Life, 5(1): 403-417.
www.Irandoc.ac.ir