کارکردها و قلمرو مشارکت مردم و سازمانهای مردم نهاد در فرایند دادرسی کیفری با نگاهی به فقه امامیه
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق خصوصیروزبه اصغری 1 , حسن حاجی تبار فیروزجایی 2 , ابوالحسن شاکری 3
1 - دانشجو، مقطع دکتری رشته حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساری، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد قائمشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران
3 - گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
کلید واژه: فقه امامیه, دادرسی کیفری, مشارکت, مردم, سازمانهای مردم نهاد,
چکیده مقاله :
مشارکت مردم و سازمانهای مردم نهاد در فرایند دادرسی کیفری از جمله نمودهایسیاست جنایی مشارکتی است که دارای کارکردهای مختلفی در گستره حقوق کیفری و پاسخ به بزه و بزهکاری می باشد. در واقع، عدم موفقیت نظام عدالت کیفری در پیشگیری از بزهکاری با توسل به رویکردهای یک جانبه و سرکوبگرانه، اندیشمندان حقوق کیفری را به فکر اتخاذ سیاست هایعدم مداخله حقوق کیفری و یا در شکل تعدیل شده آن،محدودسازی مداخله آن در فرایند کیفری و در عوض دخالت دادن هر چه بیشتر آحاد مردم و سازمانهای مردم نهاد انداخته است. به همین منظور، در این مقاله سعی شده است با توجه به تحولات صورت گرفته در گستره حقوق کیفری ایران و تدوین قوانین کیفری نوین، کارکردها و قلمرو مشارکت مردم و سازمان های مردم نهاد در فرآیند دادرسی کیفری در حقوق ایران مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. همچنین، با توجه به تأثیرپذیری قوانین جزایی کشور ما از فقه امامیه و پیش بینی جلوه های از سیاست جنایی مشارکتی در فقه بررسی این موارد نیز حائز اهمیت می‌باشد. از این رو در مقاله حاضر که به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی نگاشته شده ضمن بررسی کارکردها و مشارکت مردمی در فرایند دادرسی کیفری در حقوق ایران به بررسی این موارد در فقه امامیه نیز خواهیم پرداخت.
The participation of people and social institutions in the criminal trial process is among the embodies of "collaborative criminal policy", which has different functions in the scope of criminal law and response to crime and criminality.In fact, the failure of the criminal justice system in preventing delinquency by resorting to unilateral and repressive approaches led scholars of the criminal rights to think about the policies of "non-intervention of criminal rights" or in its modified form, "limiting its intervention in the criminal process" and instead of that, introducing more people and social institutions.The conclusion of the research is that Iran's criminal justice system influenced by the developments of criminal sciences and inspired by the basics of jurisprudential and trusted by civil society and in order to take advantage of popular participation capacity and social institutions, proceed to predicting institutions such as criminal mediation, recognizing non-govermental organizations and alternative penalties.This matter in Imamiyah jurisprudence as the main source of Iran's criminal law has emerged obviously in all stages of criminal proceedings, even before conducting the criminal process.
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