Structural and Legal Challenges of Policy making (Establishment and Development) of the Smart City in the Virtual age in Tehran

Subject Areas :

Mohammad Reza Abdar ¹ , Seyed Mostafa Abtahi ^{2 *} , Maryam Esmaieli Fard ³

1 - Department of Political Science, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Political Science, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Political Science, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2023-10-27 Accepted : 2023-12-18 Published : 2025-08-15

Keywords: Smart City, Policymaking, Structural and Legal Challenges, Tehran,

Abstract :

Throughout the evolution of humanity, various factors have influenced human life, enhanced its quality and sometimes posed threats. One could argue that humans have experienced nomadism, urbanization, and the industrial revolution, as well as technological transformation throughout the evolution of their lives. Just as the advent of machines transformed the face of cities, today, the in-troduction of technology and virtual services has revolutionized them. The theory of smart cities, based on information and communication technology, attempts to intelligently transform various layers of the city in order to address current problems and improve the quality of life. Despite the numerous advantages of smart cities, their implementation is considered challenging and complex. Many cities face failure in implementing smart cities. Therefore, a deep and systematic evaluation of influential factors becomes essential. This research aims to evaluate smart city policymaking in Tehran. The study employs an analytical and exploratory method to assess questionnaire questions on a Likert scale with a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 5. To determine the reliability and internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha coefficient is used. The research findings indicate that all the strategies and actions examined in this study, from the perspective of experts (specifically, the formulation and implementation of integrated policies, legislation, and a unified vision), are highly important for the smartification of Tehran. This article adopts a conceptual approach, fram-ing the necessary framework for creating smart cities in observed changes in management style. With theoretical inferences from the sociology of change and the theory of the network society, good urban governance is proposed as a causal condition for creating a smart city in Tehran. The implementation of a smart city necessitates a change in the institutional and managerial structure of the urban system.

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