Explaining the Factors Promoting the Quality of Residential Environments Using the Gender Role Approach in Designing Interior Spaces
Subject Areas : Interior DesignSeyedeh Marzieh Tabaeian 1 * , Elahe Abedpour 2 , Ali Sadr Ameli 3
1 - Associate Professor, Department of Architecture and Urban Development, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
2 - M.A. of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Development, Tehran Research Science Unit (Isfahan), Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
3 - M.A. of Architectural Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Harand Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
Keywords: Residential complex design, gender difference, space design, gender and space interaction ,
Abstract :
A house is the origin of many bitter and sweet experiences and the place for the formation of people's personality and identity. One of the wonders of creation is the presence of different needs in men and women. Hence, designers and architects need to review architectural design to create mental comfort in houses, which consist of two different genders. This study aimed to investigate gender differences and their impacts on residential spaces to provide suggestions for better housing designs. For this, primary concepts about gender were first raised, and then relevant theories were examined to describe the interaction of the concept of gender in a residential space. In the end, the feasibility of appropriate designs, which help promote the quality of a residential environment, was measured. The study methodology was qualitative, which described a desirable housing space. According to questionnaire analyses and a survey of 20 men and women, it was concluded that women tended to focus on details and kitchens, whereas men valued living rooms and halls. In sum, it was critical to separate public spaces from private spaces and to give characters to spaces. The goal of this study was to investigate the factors that affect desirable housing spaces and residential-architectural criteria in giving gender to spaces. Findings revealed gender differences stemming from cultural, social, and historical aspects; therefore, people's genders, along with other factors such as age, tastes, and needs, should be considered in designing spaces.
Abdul Rahim, Z. (2012). Behavioral Adaptation of Malay Families and Housing Modification of Terrace Houses in Malaysia. Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies, 3(6), DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i6.235
Afshar, L., & Nemati, A. (2010). Privacy in human-oriented research based on Islamic teachings, Rahbord-e-Farhang, 3(9), 59-74. https://www.jsfc.ir/article_44087.html
Ahmadi-nejad, H. (2009), Privacy and hijab in traditional Iranian residential architecture, National Conference on Women and Architecture, Tehran, Sama Girl Vocational School. https://civilica.com/l/3918/
Alaei Rahmani, F., Gholaminejad, F., & Karbasi, S. (2018). Investigating privacy mechanisms in Iranian urban housing by emphasizing Islamic-architectural characteristics, Marafet, 27(2), cons. 245. https://jref.ir/20889
Altman, I. (1993). The environment and social behavior: privacy, personal space, territory and crowdedness, (A. Namazian, Trans.), Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press and Publication Center.
Altman, I., & Chemers, M. (1984).Culture and Environment. Cambridge University Press.
Asiah, A. R. (2008). Housing from the Islamic Perspective (1st ed.). Kuala Lumpur: IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia.
Atapour, A. (2015). Iranian-Islamic Housing, National Conference on Iranian-Islamic Architecture and Urban Planning, Payame Noora University of Guilan, Rasht: 13-1. https://civilica.com/doc/371669/
Baradaran-Heravi, F., & Hamzeh-nejad, M. (2021). Reading the types of movement in housing based on the contemporary privacy culture (Case study: Three selected houses from contemporary Iranian architecture), Scientific Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urban Development, 12(2), 265-280. doi: 10.30475/isau.2021.210738.1319
Bidar, M., Pakzad, J., & Verij Kazemi, A. (2019). Interaction between gender and space in Tehran market, (Case study: Sabze Meiydan and Moshir Khalvat spaces), Sofeh Publication, 29(85), 55-76. doi: 10.29252/soffeh 29.2.55
Dehkhoda, A.A. (1998). Dehkhoda dictionary, 2nd edition, Tehran, University of Tehran.
Eksener, U., & Detrich, P. (2016). Basic concepts in space design, (S. Azizi & S. Olenj, Trans.), Tehran: Fekr-e-Now.
Elahizadeh, M.H., & Sirousi, R. (2014). Housing modeling based on the Islamic lifestyle, Sabke Zendegi Eslami. 1(1). 35-70. http://noo.rs/ZdOh2
Eskandari, M. (2010). Nature and significance of privacy, Islamic Government, 4(58). https://www.magiran.com/p893467
Farzaneh, F. (2011). An introduction to the interaction of the concepts of gender and space, Sofeh Scientific Research Journal, 21(2), 99-110. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100356.html
Ghanbaran, A., Alimardani, M., Mohammadi, M., & Jam, F. (2015). Investigating the role of gender in evaluating neighborhood space security by emphasizing the CPTED approach; (Case study: Middle part of Tehran's Sabonpazkhaneh Neighborhood), Art University Quarterly, 7( 14), 59-78. doi: 10.30480/aup.2015.84
Hakimi, H. (2011). Evaluating housing quantitative and qualitative indicators in unofficial Iranian settlements, (Case study: Jamshid Abad Khoi), Geography and Environmental Planning, 22(44), 197-210. https://www.sid.ir/paper/380334/fa
Hashemi, A. (2010). Investigating introversion influenced by the concepts of the Quranic hijab in architecture using the residential architecture approach, National Conference on Women and Architecture, Tehran, Sama Girls Vocational School. https://civilica.com/doc/72791
Hashemi-Azvand, F. (2010). Searching for an Iranian house model, M.A. thesis, Architecture department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Development, Isfahan University of Arts.
Jalili, T. (2010). Traces of privacy and hijab in the body and soul of Iranian architecture, National Conference on Women and Architecture, Tehran, Sama Girls Vocational School. https://civilica.com/doc/72793
Kateb, F. (2005). Iranian house architecture, Tehran, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
Kazemi Zahrani, Z., & Tabaian, S. M. (2015). A comparative study of the role of privacy in the design of Qajar houses in Isfahan and traditional houses in Malaysia, the 5th International Conference on Sustainable Development and Urban Development, Danesh-Pezhouhan Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran. https://civilica.com/doc/509708
Kazemi, M.. (2009). An analytical approach to the category of gender and its impacts on the quality of space, Hoviyyat-e-Shahr Journal, 4 (3), 47-58. https://sanad.iau.ir/journal/hoviatshahr/Issue/37134
Krebs, Y. (2017). Basic concepts of residential design, (Sh. Azizi and S. Olenj, Trans.), Tehran: Fekr-e-now.
Lelhaj, R., & Mousavi, M. S. (2014). Psychological approach to the role of gender in perceiving architectural spaces, Armanshahr publication,11( 23), 85-94. https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_69595.html.
Mahdavi nejad, M.J. (2002). Islamic art: Challenging contemporary concepts and new horizons, Honarhaye ziba, 12(460). https://journals.ut.ac.ir/article_10646.html
Maleki, S., & Sajjadian, M. (2016). Housing structures and functions based on Islamic teachings, Geography and Urban Planning of the Zagros Scenery, 8(27), 83-112. https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/zagros/Article/937858?culture=fa
Mashayekhi, M. (2020). Designing a residential complex by promoting social interactions by emphasizing gender roles, M.A. Thesis, Architecture Major, Shafaq Tankabon Institute of Higher Education.
Moein, M. (2012). Farsi Dictionary, 27th edition, Tehran, Amirkabir.
Mohammadi, J., Ashrafi, S., & Ahmadian Khamene, A. (2009). The anthropological image of spaces in Iranian architecture (with an approach woman in society), National Conference on Women and Architecture, Tehran, Sama Girls Vocational College. https://civilica.com/doc/72809
Mohtasham, A., & Hamzenejad, M. (2015). Explaining privacy dimensions in the relations between the interior spaces of Iranian-Islamic housing using the process of hierarchical analysis, Journal of Sofeh Scientific Research,25( 71), 51-66. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100268.html
Mortada, H. (2003). Traditional Islamic Principles of Built Environment. DOI:10.4324/9780203422687
Morteza, H. (2008). Traditional principles of construction in Islam (A. Meshkini and K. Habibi, Trans.), Tehran, Research Center for Housing and Urban Development.
Nayeri Fallah, S., Khalili, A., Ismail, A. S., & Rasdi, M. T. (2013). An Evaluation of Entrance Spaces in Modern Iranian Housing from a Cultural Perspective. Jokull Journal. 63 (12): 417–431.
Noghre kar, A., & Raisi, M. (2013). Cognitive analysis of the Iranian housing system based on the relationship between text-housing layers, Honarhaye ziba, 3(46), 5-14. https://journals.ut.ac.ir/article_25056.html
Pirnia, M. K. (2002). Architectural stylistics, Tehran, Memar.
Pourdehghan, H., Shahcheraghi, A., & Mokhtabad-Amri, M. (2018). Measuring and analyzing the theoretical rules of desirable housing based on people's views, Housing and Village Environment, 165, 81-96. DOI: 10.22034/38.165.81
Rapoport, A. (1969). House Form and Culture (p. 162). Englewood Cliffs, USA: Prentice Hall.
Rendell, J., Penner, B., & Borden, I (2000). Gender Space, Architecture, Routledge. Routdge.https://www.routledge.com/Gender-Space-Architecture-An-Interdisciplinary-Introduction/Borden-Penner-Rendell/p/book/9780415172530?srsltid=AfmBOopunE1zQ6K1Oy-8dTVU9oPpQuBZ9aL3lj3N7dCLx5VcD87-U5RI
Rezazadeh, M. (2014). Psychological and behavioral differences between men and women, Theory Evaluation and Critique, Psychology of Growth Quarterly, 3(1).
Rezazadeh, R., & Mohammadi, M. (2008). Designing a neighborhood space based on the gender justice approach and the moral and care principle framework, Two quarterly journals of the University of Arts, 1(1), 55-72. 1(1), 55-72. doi: 10.30480/aup.2008.216
Ritzer, G. (1995). Sociological theories in the contemporary era, (M. Thalasi, Trans.), Tehran: Scientific Publications.
Rokenedin Eftekhari, A.R. & Mir Jalali, A. (2014). Role of the charitable entity of the Relief Committee in improving the physical quality of the housing of the beneficiaries under rural coverage (Case study: Kandovan District, Mianeh City), Human Geography Research, 46(4), 875-887. 10.22059/jhgr.2015.51222
Schultz, Ch., N. (2009). The spirit of place towards architecture sustainability, (M.R. Shirazi, Trans.), Tehran, Rokhdad-e-Now.
Seifian, M.K., & Mahmoudi, M.R. (2007). Privacy in traditional Iranian architecture, Hoviyyat shahr Journal, 1(1), 3-14. https://sid.ir/paper/501753/fa
Shahbaz Ghahfarrokhi, S., & Masoudian, M. (2012). Protecting the privacy of individuals from the perspective of verses and narratives, Interdisciplinary Researches of the Holy Quran, 3(2). 87-100. https://sid.ir/paper/149408/fa
Tabibian, M., Charbgou, N., & Abdollahi-mehr, N. (2011). Representation of the principle of hierarchy in Iranian-Islamic cities, Armanshahr, 4(7), 63-76. https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32683.html
Tibbalds, F. (2006). Human-centered cities (H.A. Laqaei & F. Jadali, Trans.), Tehran, University of Tehran.
Ukhovat, H., Bemanian, M.R., & Almasifar, N. (2010). Traditional architecture and urban development in Islamic countries, Tehran, Tahan
Ukhovat, H. (2013). Comparative study of privacy dimensions in traditional and contemporary housing using the BDSR analytical model, Housing and Village Environment, 32(142), 97-112. http://jhre.ir/article-1-373-fa.html
Vahidi Motlagh, L. (2009). Architecture and Psychology, National Conference on Women and Architecture, Tehran, Sama Girls Vocational School.
Varmaghani, Y., & Sultanzadeh, H. (2014). The role of gender and livelihood culture in housing formation, Journal of Armanshahr, 11(23), 123-134. https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_69624.html
Vasigh, B., & Pashtounizadeh, A. (2011). Concepts of residence in Islamic verses and hadiths, Quarterly Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 29 (129), 65 -50. https://www.magiran.com/p753897