Effect of Exogenous Oxytocin Administration on the Performance of Lactating Nili Ravi Buffalo

Subject Areas : Camel

A. Faraz ¹ , N.A. Tauqir ² , A. Waheed ³ , A. Hameed ⁴

1 - Department of Livestock and Poultry Production, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
2 - Department of Animal Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
3 - Department of Livestock and Poultry Production, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
4 - Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

Received: 2020-08-07 Accepted : 2020-11-15 Published : 2021-09-01

Keywords: Milk, minerals, Oxytocin, Lactation, Nili Ravi buffalo,

Abstract :

The objective of the study was to assess the effect of exogenous administration of oxytocin on production, composition and minerals content in milk of Nili Ravi Buffalo. At three lactation phases, milk samples were collected from two groups of eight animals each under controlled atmosphere and feeding conditions. One group was subjected to intramuscular injection of oxytocin (20 IU) and other was kept as control. Significant variations were obtained in milk composition along with lactations phases. Decrease in fat, protein, lactose, solids not fat and total solids contents and increase in toal milk was recorded in oxytocin administreted milk. Minerals’ analysis of the milk samples were conducted and it was concluded that lactation stages have significant effect on minerals composition i.e. macro minerals (Na, Cl, K, Ca, Mg and P) and micro mineral (Zn and Cu) in milk. Oxytocin administration showed significant effect on milk minerals during various lactation stages as sodium, chloride and copper contents increased while potassium decreased. It was concluded that indiscriminate use of oxytocin for milk let down considerably influences minerals profile and results in detrimental variations of gross composition of milk.

References:

Allen J. (1990). Milk Synthesis and secretion rates in buffalos with milk composition changed by oxytocin 1, 2. J. Dairy Sci. 73, 975-984.

Akhtar M.S., Lodhi L.A., Farooq A.A., Ayaz M., Hussain M., Lashari M.H. and Chaudhary Z.I. (2012). Effect of oxytocin administration before milking on milk production, somatic cells count and fat contents in milk of Nili-ravi buffaloes. Pakistan Vet. J. 32, 435-437.

AOAC. (1995). Official Methods of Analysis. 12^th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Washington, DC., USA.

AOAC. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. 17^th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.

Ballou L.U., Bleck J.L., Bleck G.T. and Baemel R.D. (1993). The effects of daily oxytocin injections before and after milking on milk production, milk plasmin, and milk composition. J. Dairy Sci. 76, 1544-1549.

Bansode P., Mantri A., Deshmukh B. and Talvelkar B. (1996). Effect of intramuscular injection of oxytocin on milk production and its constituents. Indian J. Dairy Sci. 49, 718-720.

Bedo S., Nikodemusz E., Percsich K. and Bardos L. (1994). Variations in the milk yield and milk composition of dairy buffalos during lactation. Acta Vet. Hung. 43, 163-171.

Bencini R., Martin G.B., Purvis I.W. and Hartmann P.E. (1992). Use of oxytocin to measure milk output in Merino ewes and its effect on fat content. Australian J. Exp. Agric. 32, 601-603.

Bidarimath M. and Aggarwal A. (2007). Studies on cisternal and alveolar fractions & its composition and mammary health of Murrah buffaloes administered oxytocin. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 39, 433-438.

Blum J. and Baumrucker C. (2002). Colostral and milk insulin-like growth factors and related substances: Mammary gland and neonatal (intestinal and systemic) targets. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 23, 101-110.

Blum J.W. and Hammon H. (2000). Colostrum effects on the gastrointestinal tract, and on nutritional, endocrine and metabolic parameters in neonatal calves. Livest. Prod. Sci. 66, 151-159.

Bruckmaier R.M. (2003). Chronic oxytocin treatment causes reduced milk ejection in dairy buffalos. J. Dairy Res. 70, 123-126.

Bruckmaier R.M., Ritter C., Schams D. and Blum W. (1994). Machine milking of dairy goats during lactation: udder anatomy, milking characteristics, and blood concentration of oxytocin and prolactin. J. Dairy Res. 61, 457-466.

Bruckmaier R.M. and Blum J.W. (1996). Simultaneous recording of oxytocin release, milk ejection and milk flow during milking of dairy cows with and without prestimulation. J. Dairy Res. 63, 201-208.

Bruckmaier R.M., Paul G., Mayer H. and Schams D. (1997a). Machine milking of Ostfriesian and Lacaune dairy sheep: Udder anatomy, milk ejection, and milking characteristics. J. Dairy Res. 64, 163-172.

Bruckmaier R.M., Wellnitz O. and Blum J.W. (1997b). Inhibition of milk ejection in cows by oxytocin receptor blockade, alphaadrenergic receptor stimulation and in unfamiliar surroundings. J. Dairy Res. 64, 315-325.

Bruckmaier R.M. and Blum J.W. (1998). Oxytocin release and milk removal in ruminants. J. Dairy Res. 81, 939-949.

Dymnicki E., Sosin-bzducha E. and Golebiewski M. (2013). Effects of calf separation and injection of oxytocin on milk performance and milk composition of the Polish Red cows. Arch. Tierz. 56, 882-891.

Dzidic A., Weiss D. and Bruckmaier R.M. (2004). Oxytocin release, milk ejection and milking characteristics in a single stall automatic milking system. Livest. Prod. Sci. 86, 61-68.

Enb A., Abou Donia M., Abd-Rabou N., Abou-Arab A. and El-Senaity M. (2009). Chemical composition of raw milk and heavy metals behavior during processing of milk products. Glob. Veterinaria. 3, 268-275.

Faraz A., Waheed A., Nazir M.M., Hameed A., Tauqir N.A., Mirza R.H., Ishaq H.M. and Bilal R.M. (2020). Impact of oxytocin administration on milk quality, reproductive performance and residual effects in dairy animals – a review. Punjab Univ. J. Zool. 35(1), 61-67.

Firestone D. (1990). Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, USA.

Flynn A. (1992). Minerals and trace elements in milk. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 36, 209-252.

Fox P. and McSweeney P. (1998). H: Dairy Chemistry and Biochemistry. Blackie Academic and Professional. London, Weinheim, New York.

Hameed A., Anjum F.M., Rehman Z., Akhtar S., Faraz A., Hussain M. and Ismail A. (2021). Compositional and mineral profile of Sahiwal cow milk at various lactation stages as influenced by oxytocin administration. Pakistan J. Zool. 2021, 1-7.

Hameed A., Anjum F.M., Zahoor T. and Jamil A. (2010). Consequence of oxytocin injections on minerals concentration in Sahiwal buffalo milk. Pakistan J. Agric. Sci. 47, 147-152.

Hameed A., Anjum F.M., Zahoor T., Ur-Rahman Z., Akhtar S. and Hussain M. (2016). Effect of oxytocin on milk proteins and fatty acid profile in Sahiwal buffalos during lactation periods. Turkish J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 40, 163-169.

Hameed A., Hussain R., Zahoor T., Akhtar S., Riaz M. and Ismail T. (2014). Effect of oxytocin on enzyme activities in bovine milk. Int. Dairy J. 39, 229-231.

Johansson I., Korkman N. and Nelson N.J. (1952). Studies on udder evacuation in dairy buffalos. Acta Agric. Scandinavica. 2, 43-81.

Kamal T., Johnson H. and Ragsdale A. (1961). Influence of the stage of lactation and environmental temperatures on the salt balance of milk. J. Dairy Sci. 44, 1655-1667.

Kincaid R. and Cronrath J. (1992). Zinc concentration and distribution in mammary secretions of peripartum buffalos. J. Dairy Sci. 75, 481-484.

Kitson R.E. and Mellon M.G. (1944). Colorimetric determination of phosphorus as molybdivanadophosphoric acid. Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Edit. 16, 379-383.

Knowles S., Grace N., Knight T., McNabb W. and Lee J. (2006). Reasons and means for manipulating the micronutrient composition of milk from grazing dairy cattle. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 131, 154-167.

Lane G., Dill C., Armstrong B. and Switzer L. (1970). Influence of repeated oxytocin injections on composition of dairy buffalos’ milk. J. Dairy Sci. 53, 427-429.

Ledbetter M.L.S. and Lubin M. (1977). Control of protein synthesis in human fibroblasts by intracellular potassium. Exp. Cell Res. 105, 223-236.

Lollivier V., Flament J.G., Bousquet M.O. and Marnet P.G. (2002). Oxytocin and milk removal: two important sources of variation in milk production and milk quality during and between milkings. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 42, 173-186.

Lollivier V. and Marnet P.G. (2005). Galactopoietic effect of milking in lactating Holstein cows: Role of physiological doses of oxytocin. Livest. Prod. Sci. 95, 131-142.

Macuhova J., Tancin V. and Bruckmaier R.M. (2004). Effects of oxytocin administration on oxytocin release and milk ejection. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 1236-1244.

Murthy G., Rhea U. and Peeler J. (1972). Copper, iron, manganese, strontium, and zinc content of market milk. J. Dairy Sci. 55, 1666-1674.

Negrao J.A., Marnet P.G. and Labussie`re J. (2001). Effect of milking frequency on oxytocin release and milk production in dairy ewes. Small Rumin. Res. 39, 181-187.

Nostrand S.D., Galton D.M., Erb H.N. and Bauman D.E. (1991). Effects of daily exogenous oxytocin on lactation milk yield and composition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 2119-2127.

Oftedal O. (2004). Encyclopedia of Animal Science. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA.

Passille A.M.D.E., Marnet P.G., Lapierre H. and Rushen J. (2008). Effects of twice-daily nursing on milk ejection and milk yield during nursing and milking in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 91, 1416-1422.

Pavić V., Antunac N., Mioč B., Ivanković A. and Havranek J. (2002). Influence of stage of lactation on the chemical composition and physical properties of sheep milk. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 47, 80-84.

Pearson D. (1976). The Chemical Analysis of Foods. Churchhill Livingstone, London, United Kingdom.

Rayson B.M. (1989). Rates of synthesis and degradation of Na+-K+-ATPase during chronic ouabain treatment. American J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 256, 75-80.

Sawyer C., McCarty P. and Parkin G. (1994). Chemistry of Environment Engineering. McGraw Hills Book Co. Inc., New York, USA.

Silva F.V., Lopes G.S., Nobrega J.A., Souza G.B. and Nogueira A.R.A. (2001). Study of the protein-bound fraction of calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc in bovine milk. Spectrochim. Acta B: At. Spect. 56, 1909-1916.

Sitkowska B. (2008). Effect of the buffalo age group and lactation stage on the count of somatic cells in buffalo milk. J. Cent. Eur. Agric. 9, 57-62.

Steel R.G. and Dickey J.H. (1997). Pinciples and Procedures of Statistics a Biometrical Approach. McGraw Hill, Inc., Book Co., New York.

Stelwagen K., Vicki C.F. and McFadden H.A. (1999). Alteration of the sodium to potassium ratio in milk and the effect on milk secretion in goats. J. Dairy Sci. 82, 52-59.

Tancin V., Harcek L., Broucek J., Uhrincat M. and Mihina S. (1995). Effect of suckling during early lactation and changeover to machine milking on plasma oxytocin and cortisol levels and milking characteristics in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Res. 62, 249-256.

Thomas C.S., Bruckmaier R.M., Ostensson K. and Sjaunja K.S. (2005). Effect of different milking routines on milking-related release of the hormones oxytocin, prolactin and cortisol, and on milk yield and milking performance in Murrah buffaloes. J. Dairy Res. 72, 10-18.

Walker G., Dunshea F. and Doyle P. (2004). Effects of nutrition and management on the production and composition of milk fat and protein: A review. Crop Pasture Sci. 55, 1009-1028.

Weiss D., Dzidic A. and Bruckmaier R.M. (2003). Effect of stimulation intensity on oxytocin release before, during and after machine milking. J. Dairy Res. 70, 349-354.

Werner-Misof C., Pfaffl M., Meyer H. and Bruckmaier R. (2007). Effect of chronic oxytocin-treatment on the bovine mammary gland immune system. Vet. Med. 52, 475-481.

Zamiri M.J., Qotbi A. and Izadifard J. (2001). Effect of daily oxytocin injection on milk yield and lactation length in sheep. Small Rumin. Res. 40, 179-185.

Zurera-Cosano G., Moreno-Rojas R. and Amaro-Lopez M. (1994). Effect of processing on contents and relationships of mineral elements of milk. Food Chem. 51, 75-78.