تاثیر مولفه های اقتصاد دانش بنیان بر سپردههای قرض الحسنه در بانک‌های دولتی
مهدی جعفری
1
(
دانشگاه حضرت معصومه
)
سید رضا میر عسکری
2
(
استادیار گروه مدیرت دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت ایران
)
سیدجواد عمادی
3
(
حسابداری، مدیریت و حسابداری، موسسه راهبرد شمال، رشت، ایران
)
کلید واژه: "اقتصاد دانش¬بنیان", " دانش" , "سپرده¬گذاری", "قرض¬الحسنه" , " ARDL",
چکیده مقاله :
يكي از اشكالي كه به منظور جذب وجوه پس¬اندازکنندگان و عرضه آن¬ها به نیازمندان در قانون عمليات بانكي بدون ربا تجويز شده، قرض¬الحسنه است. حقوق و امتيازاتي كه اين عقد براي دو طرف قرارداد فراهم بوجود آورده باعث جذابيت آن هم براي جمع آوري پس¬اندازها و هم جهت عرضه وجوه سرمايه¬گذاري شده است. مولفه¬های اقتصاد دانش-بنیان یکی از عوامل تعیین‌کننده، افزایش سپردههای قرض الحسنه محسوب شده است. زیرا، بهبود حاکمیت قانون، بهبود رژیم‌های نهادی و اقتصادی، ارتقاء سیستم¬های ارتباطی از قبیل اینترنت و خلق فناوری‌های نوین منجر به افزایش اطمینان به نظام بانکی و افزایش تمایل مردم برای سپرده¬گذاری و همچنین افزایش سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه شده است. همچنین الکترونیکی شدن خدمات بانکی در حوزه قرض الحسنه منجر به افزایش تمایل به سپرده‌گذاری در سپردههای قرض الحسنه و از سوی دیگر، ارتقاء سیستم‌های ارتباطی منجر به تخصیص بهینه منابع قرض‌الحسنه شده است. لذا هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تاثیر مولفه¬های اقتصاد دانش¬بنیان بر سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه در ایران طی دوره 1401-1377 با استفاده از روش خودرگرسیون‌برداری با وقفه توزیعی(ARDL) در داده‌های فصلی است. نتایج در کوتاه‌مدت نشان دهنده، مولفه¬های اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان اثر مثبت و معناداری بر سپردههای قرض الحسنه دارند اما در بلندمدت، متغیر آموزش و منابع انسانی تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه دارد. همچنین تاثیر متغیرهای ابداعات و زیرساخت¬های اطلاعاتی بر سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه در بلندمدت تایید نشده است. اما متغیر رژیم¬های نهادی و اقتصادی در بلندمدت، تاثیر منفی و معناداری با قرض الحسنه برقرار نماید.
چکیده انگلیسی :
The rights and privileges of this contract for contract parties have made it attractive both for collecting savings and for offering funds to the needy and investors. The components of the knowledge-based economy are one of the determinant factors in increasing the Qarz al-Hasna deposits, because, improving the rule of law, improving institutional and economic regimes, promotion of communication systems such as the Internet and creating new technologies will lead to increased confidence in the banking system and increase people's willingness to deposit, as well as increase in Qarz al-Hasna deposits. Also, electronic banking services in the field of Qarz al-Hasna will increase the willingness to deposit in Qarz al-Hasna deposits. On the other hand, the upgrading of communication systems will lead to the optimal allocation of Qarz al-Hasna resources. Therefore, this present investigates the effect of knowledge-based economy components on Gharz-ul-Hasna deposits in Iran during the period 1998-2023 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL) method in quarterly data. The results show that in the short term, the components of knowledge-based economy have a positive and significant effect on Qarz al-Hasna deposits. But in the long run, the variable of education and human resources has a positive and significant effect on Qarz al-Hasna deposits. Also, the effect of innovation and information infrastructure variables on Qarz al-Hasna deposits in the long run has not been confirmed. But the variable of institutional and economic regimes in the long run has a negative and significant effect on Qarz al-Hasna.
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