بررسی روابط برخی از صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)، تحت تأثیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی سوپر نیترو پلاس و بیو سوپر فسفات

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

علیرضا رهی ¹

1 - مربی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن

تاریخ دریافت : 1391/12/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1392/05/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/06/01

کلید واژه: تجزیه علیت, رگرسیون, ریحان, صفات مورفولوژیک,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی روابط برخی از صفات مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicumL.) تحت تاثیر کودهای بیولوژیک بیو سوپر فسفات و سوپر نیترو پلاس، آزمایشی به صورت گلخانه ای در پاییز 1390 در شهرستان دماوند در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل مصرف نیترو پلاس به میزان چهار لیتر در هکتار، بیو سوپر فسفات به مقدار دو لیتر در هکتار، مصرف همزمان چهار لیتر نیترو پلاس و دو لیتر بیو سوپر فسفات و شاهد (عدم مصرف نیترو پلاس و بیو سوپر فسفات) بودند که مقادیر مورد نیاز برای هر گلدان محاسبه شد. صفات مورد بررسی عبارت بودند از ارتفاع بوته، طول ریشه، وزن‎تر و خشک برگ، ریشه، ساقه، وزن‎تر و خشک بخش هوایی، قطر یقه، سطح برگ، کلروفیل های a، b وکل و کاروتنوئید. بر اساس نتایج همبستگی، وزن‎تر اندام هوایی با ارتفاع بوته، قطر یقه، وزن‎تر صفات برگ و ساقه رابطه مثبت و معنی داری داشت. بر اساس نتایج رگرسیون گام به گام، صفات میزان کلروفیل a، وزن‎تر برگ و ساقه موجب افزایش وزن‎تر بخش هوایی شدند. نتایج تجزیه علیت نشان داد که بیشترین اثر مثبت و مستقیم بر وزن‎تر بخش هوایی مربوط به وزن‎تر برگ بود. در مورد اثرات غیر مستقیم، ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه و وزن‎تر ساقه از طریق وزن‎تر برگ اثرات مثبتی بر وزن‎تر بخش هوایی نشان دادند. کلروفیل a از طریق وزن‎تر برگ اثر منفی بر وزن‎تر بخش هوایی گیاه داشت. در مجموع، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که خصوصیات وزن‎تر برگ و ساقه، قطر ساقه، ارتفاع بوته و کلروفیل a موجب افزایش وزن‎تر اندام هوایی گیاه ریحان شده و می‎توانند در برنامه‎های اصلاحی برای افزایش وزن‎تر اندام هوایی گیاه ریحان مفید واقع شوند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In order to evaluate the relationship between some morphological and physiological traits of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under effect of super nitro plus and bio super phosphate, an experiment was conducted as a complete randomized design with three replications in Damavand region, north Iran  in 2011. Treatments were super nitro plus 2 lit.ha-1, bio super phosphate 4 lit.ha-1, super nitro plus 2 lit.ha-1 + bio super phosphate 4 lit.ha-1 and control (no fertilizer). Characteristics like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, plant height, root length, shoot diameter, leaf fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, dry weight of vegetative parts, fresh weight of vegetative parts and leaf area were measured. According to the results, fresh weight of vegetative parts had a positive significant correlation with plant height, shoot diameter, leaf fresh and dry weight and shoot fresh and dry weight. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that leaf fresh weight, shoot fresh weight and chlorophyll a had positive effect on fresh weight of vegetative parts. Also based on the results of path analysis, leaf fresh weight had the greatest direct positive effect on the fresh weight of vegetative parts. Also there were indirect positive effect and plant height, shoot diameter and shoot fresh weight had a positive effect on fresh weight of vegetative parts through leaf fresh weight. Chlorophyll a had a negative effect on fresh weight of vegetative parts through leaf fresh weight. In conclusion, application of bio-fertilizers was useful for vegetative growth of basil and traits of leaf fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, plant height, shoot diameter and chlorophyll a could be recommended for breeding programms.

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