بررسی و اولویت بندی انگیزه‌های حضور تماشاگران در مسابقات فوتبال

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی

علی زمانی نوکاآبادی ¹ , عبدالحسین ایازی ²

1 - گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان ، ایران.
2 - گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد مبارکه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مبارکه، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/10/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/11/02 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/11/01

کلید واژه: انگیزه, تماشاگران, حضور, فوتبال,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی و اولویت بندی انگیزه‌های حضور تماشاگران در مسابقات فوتبال بود. روش‌شناسی: جامعه آماری شامل کلیه تماشاگران فوتبال اصفهان بود و نمونه به صورت تصادفی ساده انتخاب گردیده است. ۴۵۱ تماشاگر پرسشنامه بیست و هفت سؤالی انگیزه‌های حضور تماشاگران فونک و همکاران (۲۰۰۴) را تکمیل کردند. یافته‌های پژوهش: نتایج نشان داد که کلیه عوامل انگیزه حضور تماشاگران در مسابقات فوتبال (علاقه به بازیکن خاص، گریز از مشکلات روزمره، هیجان مسابقات، علم به فوتبال، بازی پایاپای، خدمات رفاهی، سرگرم‌کنندگی مسابقات، حمایت از تیم و پیروزی نیابتی) به صورت معنی‌داری بالاتر از سطح میانگین می‌باشد. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به اینکه تماشاگران با انگیزه‌های متفاوت و برای تأمین نیازهای مختلفی در استادیوم حضور می‌یابند به مدیران ورزشی توصیه می‌شود به بررسی انگیزه‌ها و نیازهای تماشاگران بپردازند و طبق آن اقدام به برنامه‌ریزی و برگزاری مسابقات ورزشی بنمایند، تا میزان حضور تماشاگران را افزایش دهند. همچنین با توجه به اولویت بندی پایین خدمات رفاهی پیشنهاد می‌شود امکانات و خدمات بهتری به تماشاگران ارائه شود تا شاهد رشد و گسترش حضور ایشان در ورزشگاه های استان باشیم.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate and prioritize the motivations of spectators to participate in soccer matches. In order to increase the presence of spectators in the game, it is necessary to identify the factors and motivations affecting the presence of both psychological and internal factors as well as external and environmental factors, and to measure the effect of each on the presence. The internal aspect is looking for factors such as expectations, satisfaction and motivation to attend, the external aspect is looking for factors such as the history of winning and losing teams, the comfort of the stadium and its characteristics, the weather on the day of the match, the level of spectator income, the existence of entertaining substitutes and so on.Methodology: The statistical population included all Isfahan football spectators and the sample was selected by simple random sampling. 451 spectators completed a 27-item questionnaire on the motivation of the audience of Funk et al. (2004). The validity of the previously confirmed questionnaire, however, was reviewed and confirmed by 15 professors of sports management. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-sample t-test, Yuman-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that all the factors motivating the presence of spectators in football matches (interest in a particular player, escape from everyday problems, excitement of matches, knowledge of football, barter, welfare services, entertainment of matches, support for the team and proxy victory) Significance is higher than the mean level. The results of the Friedman test show that team support ranks better than other factors and is even more important. The interest and support of the team is an important factor that shows that the spectators are interested in their favorite team and come to watch the matches to support their favorite team. Also, the interest shows that there is a high interest among the fans. There is an interest in the team and this interest has been created and expanded over time, now it is the responsibility of sports marketers and team managers to maintain this interest in the team.Conclusion: Due to the fact that spectators come to the stadium with different motivations and to meet different needs, sport managers are advised to study the motivations and needs of spectators and according to that, to plan and hold sports competitions. To increase the presence of spectators. Also, due to the low prioritization of welfare services, it is suggested to provide better facilities and services to spectators to witness the growth and expansion of their presence in the stadiums of the province.

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