BACKGROUND: Polyacrylamide is the main synthetic polymer used, and it absorbs water through the formation of hydrogen bonds. Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) can absorb water up to 200-400 times its weight and increase its size by up to 100 times. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate effect of different irrigation regime and super absorbent polymer on agrophysiological traits of maize. METHODS: This study was done via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design during 2016 with three replications. The main factor included irrigation regimes (M1: Conventional irrigation or control, M2: Alternate furrow irrigation from 4 leaves stage until silk emergence and after conventional, M3: Normal irrigation until silk emergence and after alternate furrow irrigation). Three level of super absorbent polymer (S1: non use of SAP, S2: 25 kg.ha-1, S3: 50 kg.ha-1 SAP) belonged to the sub factor. RESULT: Result of analysis of variance indicated effect of different irrigation regime and SAP on seed yield, biologic yield and harvest index was significant at 1% probability level also interaction effect of treatments on measured traits (instead harvest index) was significant. Mean comparison result of different irrigation regime revealed the maximum amount of seed yield (5670 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (1401 gr.m-2), harvest index (40.47%), total dry weight (1800 gr.m-2), leaf area index (4.95), crop growth rate (39 gr.m-2.day-1), net assimilation rate (8.5 gr.m-2.day-1) and relative growth rate (0.15 gr. gr-1.day-1) was obtained for M1 and minimum of mentioned traits was for M2 treatment. Compare different level of SAP showed that the maximum amount of seed yield, biologic yield, harvest index and growth indices belonged to S3 treatment also the lowest amount of measured traits were for S1 treatment. Assessment mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated maximum seed yield (6300 kg.ha-1) and biologic yield (1456 gr.m-2) was noted for M1S3 and lowest amount of measured traits belonged to M2S1 treatment. CONCLUSION: Generally between different deficient irrigation treatments M3 treatment had highest amount in total dry matter, leaf area index, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, biologic yield, seed yield and harvest index, so in water stress situation M3 treatment with use 50 kg.ha-1 SAP it can be advice to farmers. پرونده مقاله

BACKGROUND: Fertilizer management plays an important role for obtaining satisfactory yields and to increase crop productivity. Improve saving water in irrigated agriculture and thereby improving water use efficiency is of paramount importance in water-scarce regions. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to assessment effect of different levels of irrigation regime, nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost and on seed yield, its components and chlorophyll traits of corn. METHODS: This research was carried out to via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2015 year. The main factor included three level of irrigation regime (Ir1: 60mm evaporation Pan Class A, Ir1: 90mm evaporation Pan Class A, Ir1: 120mm evaporation Pan Class A) and sub factor consisted three level of fertilizer (N1: 100% Urea fertilizer, N2: 50% urea fertilizer + 50% vermicompost, N3: 100% vermicompost). RESULT: Result of analysis of variance indicated effect of irrigation regime and nutrition on all studied traits (instead harvest index) was significant, but interaction effect of treatments was not significant. Mean comparison result of different level of irrigation regime revealed that maximum amount of studied traits was noted for Ir1 and minimum of those belonged to Ir3 treatment. Also as for Duncan classification made with respect to different level of nutrition maximum and minimum amount of studied traits belonged to N2 and N1 treatment. CONCLUSION: Finally according result of current research Ir1 treatment (60mm evaporation Pan Class A) with apply N2 treatment (50% urea fertilizer + 50% vermicompost) had the highest amount of studied traits and it can be advice to producers in studied region. پرونده مقاله

BACKGROUND: In organic agriculture, the main goal is increasing and maintains soil quality with a high biological activity. Also for economic production keep equilibrium between fertilizer and biofertilizer is necessary in sustainable agriculture. OBJECTIVES: Determine effect of different level of water deficit stress and combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Sorghum crop. METHODS: Current study was done via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications. The main factor consisted water deficit stress at three level (A1: 70, A2: 100 and A3: 130 mm Class A evaporation pan) and combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost at five level (B1: 100% Nitrogen; 100% pure nitrogen equivalent to 200 kg per hectare, B2: 75% Nitrogen+25% Vermicompost, B3: 50% Nitrogen+50% Vermicompost, B4: 25% Nitrogen+75% Vermicompost, B5: 100% Vermicompost) belonged to sub plot. RESULT: Result of analysis of variance revealed effect of water deficit stress and combination nitrogen with vermicompost on all studied characteristics was significant but interaction effect of treatments was not significant (instead seed and biologic yield). Assessment mean comparison result indicated in different level of water deficit stress the maximum amount of leaf area index (4.15), number of seed per raceme (25.13), Chlorophyll index (53.04 Spad), Chlorophyll a (2.23 mg.g-1), Chlorophyll b (1.38 mg.g-1), Seed yield (4030.55 kg.ha-1), Biologic yield (1161.52 gr.m-2) and Harvest index (34.52%) was noted for 70 mm evaporation pan class A and minimum of that belonged to 130 mm evaporation pan class A treatment, but Protein percentage had reverse trend. Compare different level of combination nitrogen with vermicompost showed highest and lowest amount of mentioned traits belonged to 75% nitrogen+25% vermicompost and 100% vermicompost treatment. CONCLUSION: Generally result of current research proved the treatment of 75% nitrogen+25% vermicompost treatment under 70 mm evaporation pan class A produced highest amount of crop production and it can advised to farmers. پرونده مقاله

BACKGROUND: Iron (Fe) is one of the essential elements for the plant and plays an important role in the many plant processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen uptake and construction, and also in construction and development of chloroplasts in plants. Bio-fertilizers are more environmental friendly and in many cases, they have given the same or even better crop yields compared to mineral fertilizers.OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to determine effect of different level of vermicompost and Nano iron fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative traits of corn.METHODS: This research was conducted according split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2018 year in research farm of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz Branch. Main plot included three level of vermicompost (V0: nonuse of vermicompost or control, V1: 5 t.ha-1 vermicompost, V2: 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost) was consumed at planting stage. Also subplots consisted four level of Nano iron fertilizer (F0: Nonuse of Nano iron fertilizer or control, F1: 0.002 L.ha-1, F2: 0.004 L.ha-1 and F3: 0.006 L.ha-1 Nano iron fertilizer) was used at 3 to 4 leaves stage.RESULT: Based on result of analysis of variance effect of different level of vermicompost, Nano iron fertilizer and interaction effect of treatments on all studied traits was significant. Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated the maximum amount of seed yield (545.7 gr.m-2), protein content (15.75%), protein yield (120.8 gr.m-2), Oil content (9.44%) and Oil yield (51.69 gr.m-2) were for 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost with 0.006 L.ha-1 iron Nano fertilizer, also lowest amount of measured traits was for nonuse of vermicompost and iron Nano fertilizer (control) treatments.CONCLUSION: Generally according result of current research the maximum amount of seed yield, protein and oil content and protein and oil yield belonged to use 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost with 0.006 L.ha-1 iron Nano fertilizer. پرونده مقاله

BACKGROUND: Management of water deficit is a great factor to sustainable crop production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Vermicompost is an organic compound that is microbial active and rich in nutrients that results from the interaction of earthworms and microorganisms with organic matter decomposition. OBJECTIVES: This research was carried out to assess effect of different level of water deficit stress and combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost on Sorghum crop production and seed protein content. METHODS: Current study was conducted according split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications along 2017 year. The main factor included water deficit stress at three level (A1: 70, A2: 100 and A3: 130 mm Class A evaporation pan) and combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost at five level (B1: 100% Nitrogen; 100% pure nitrogen equivalent to 200 kg per hectare, B2: 75% Nitrogen+25% Vermicompost, B3: 50% Nitrogen+50% Vermicompost, B4: 25% Nitrogen+75% Vermicompost, B5: 100% Vermicompost) belonged to sub plot. RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of water deficit stress and combination nitrogen with vermicompost on all measured traits was significant but interaction effect of treatments only on seed and biologic yield was significant. Mean comparison result of different level of water deficit stress indicated that maximum plant height, race length, number of raceme per race, number of seed per race, 1000-seed weight and protein yield was noted for 70 mm evaporation pan class A and minimum of those belonged to 130 mm evaporation pan class A. Also as for Duncan classification made with respect to different level of combination nitrogen with vermicompost maximum and minimum amount of mentioned traits belonged to 75% nitrogen+25% vermicompost and 100% vermicompost treatment. CONCLUSION: Finally in order to achieve maximum quantitative and qualitative yield, cultivation of sorghum with apply 75% nitrogen+25% vermicompost treatment under 70 mm evaporation pan class A it can be advised at studied areas. پرونده مقاله

BACKGROUND: In organic agriculture, one management goal is to increase and maintain soil quality with a high biological activity. Organic cropping system often has to deal with a scarcity of readily available nutrients in contrast to high input cropping system which relies widely available on soluble fertilizers. Nanotechnology such as using Nano-scale fertilizer particles may offer new techniques in improving existing crop management. OBJECTIVES: Current study was carried out to assess effect of different level of vermicompost and Nano iron fertilizer on morphological characteristics, chlorophyll content and crop production of corn. METHODS: This research was conducted according split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2018 year in research farm of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz Branch. Main plot included three level of vermicompost (V0: nonuse of vermicompost or control, V1: 5 t.ha-1 vermicompost, V2: 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost) was consumed at planting stage. Also subplots consisted four level of Nano iron fertilizer (F0: Nonuse of Nano iron fertilizer or control, F1: 0.002 L.ha-1, F2: 0.004 L.ha-1 and F3: 0.006 L.ha-1 Nano iron fertilizer) was used at 3 to 4 leaves stage. RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of different level of vermicompost and iron Nano fertilizer on all studied traits was significant but interaction effect of treatments only on ear loss length was not significant. Assess mean comparison of interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits revealed the highest amount of seed yield (545.7 gr.m-2), plant height (273.6 cm), Stem diameter (22.67 mm) ear length (26.73 cm), ear diameter (67.57 mm) and Chlorophyll index (2.951 spad) were noted for V2F3 treatment and lowest amount of mentioned traits belonged to control. CONCLUSION: Use 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost with 0.006 L.ha-1 iron Nano fertilizer led to produce the highest amount of crop production, morphological traits and chlorophyll content and can be advice to farmers. پرونده مقاله