Ground water samples were collected from boreholes in Enugu Northern District, South-east Nigeria and analyzed for some metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, K, Na and Zn) contents. The metals were determined at monthly intervals for three months in dry season and then repeated in rainy season using standard methods. The range of values obtained during dry season include: Na (0.0–21.28 mg/L), K (0.0–12.03 mg/L), Cu (0.0–23.01 mg/L), Fe (0.0–11.03 mg/L), and Zn (0.01–3.00 mg/L). During rainy season, the metal contents were of the following ranges: Na (0.0-21.28 mg/L), K (1.32-15.11 mg/L), Cu (0.03-28.37 mg/L), Fe (0.0-12.29 mg/L), and Zn (0.02-3.61 mg/L). Cd and Pb were not detected in all the samples studied. The mean values of the parameters were compared with recommended standard guideline values and some were above the guideline values for drinking water quality.  Seasonal variations of the parameters in the samples were observed with rainy season values higher. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS Windows Version 20 analysis showed statistically significant variations between metal contents in dry season and rainy season. Metal evaluation indices (MEI) indicated spatial and seasonal variations. Degree of metallic contamination computed showed that Cu and Fe were found to be in very high degree in both seasons. پرونده مقاله

The concentrations of some heavy metals were determined in some pasta consumed in Nigeria, with a view to providing information on their dietary intake and exposure of consumers. The metals were determined by atomic spectrometry after acid digestion.  The  results (µg/g) were in the following ranges: locally manufactured pasta: Ni (0.005 - 0.738); Mn (0.2 - 1.938); Cd (Nd to 0.015); Cu (nd - 0.456); Zn (0.071 – 2.902); Pb (0.278 - 0.692); Cr (nd - 0.206) while imported pasta concentrations were: Ni (0.039 – 1.301); Mn (Nd - 1.515);  Cd (Nd – 1.059); Cu (nd - 0.333); Zn (nd - 2.024); Pb (0.313 – 1.085); Cr (Nd - 0.233). The estimated daily intakes of these pastas were below the tolerable daily intake limits of the metals stipulated by FAO/WHO and JECFA. The hazard quotient and total hazard index (THI) values were less than 1 indicating no adverse health effect. However, THI in imported macaroni was appreciable. پرونده مقاله

The assessment of some trace metals in soils around a municipal solid waste dumpsite in Gombe, Nigeria was conducted. Pollution indices and health risk parameters were determined in order to evaluate the ecological and health risk to the local environment. The soil samples were collected in dry and rainy seasons and analysed for (Fe, Cd, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Ni) using atomic absorption spectrometry. The content of trace metals (mg kg-1) at the dumpsite in dry season were: Pb (8.78), Zn (151.00), Ni (11.80), Cr (4.55), Cd (12.12) and Mn (92.05), while in rainy season, content of trace metals were Pb (8.80), Zn (148.00), Ni (11.63), Cr (4.20), Cd (10.03) and Mn (91.03). In both seasons, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in levels of chromium, cadmium, zinc, nickel, lead, copper and iron in soil samples from the south (20 m) of the dumpsite and at the dumpsite compared to soil samples from the control site. Pollution indices studies showed that soil samples from south (20 m) of the dumpsite and at the dumpsite were highly polluted with cadmium, contributing 99% of the overall potential ecological risk. No potential health risk was detected, considering the fact that the hazard quotient and total hazard index of all the studied metals were less than one. However, children were found to be more vulnerable to heavy metal pollution than adults. پرونده مقاله