In this article effects of friction stir welding (FSW) tool rotational and traverse speeds were studied on heat generation and temperature distribution in welding zone of AA1100 aluminium alloy. Computational fluid dynamics method was used to simulate the process with commercial CFD Fluent 6.4 package. To enhance the accuracy of simulation in this Study, the welding line that is located workpieces interface, defined with pseudo melt behaviour around the FSW pin tool. Simulation results showed that with increase of FSW tool rotational speed, the generated heat became more and dimensions of the stir zone will be bigger. The calculation result also shows that the maximum temperature was occurred on the advancing side. The computed results showed that with increasing tool linear speeds the heat generation experienced growth down trend. With increasing traveling speeds the time to reach maximum temperature in stir zone growth but the tool rotational speed dose not effect on time to reach maximum temperature. The model outcomes shows that more than 85% total heat was produced by tool shoulder and the maximum heat with selected parameters in this study was 801 kelvin degrees. پرونده مقاله

In this paper, the manufacturing of a cylindrical AA6063 step tube via hot metal gas forming (HMGF) process is studied both experimentally and numerically. The goal is to investigate the effect of loading rate on the specimen profile and thickness distribution. ABAQUS finite element software is used for the numerical simulation. Experiments were carried out at 580°C in two conditions; first, without axial feeding and then with an axial feeding of 14 mm at a maximum pressure of 0.5 MPa. The studied parameters are the pressure rate and the axial feeding rate. The results show that in the non-axial feeding mode, the thickness distribution in the die cavity region was non-uniform and a rupture occurred at a pressure of 0.6 MPa. The reduction of the pressure rate has no significant effect on the rupture pressure. In the case of axial feeding, by choosing the pressure rate of 0.001 MPa/s and the axial feeding rate of 0.1 mm/s, wrinkling has been created in the specimens. However, at a pressure rate of 0.005 MPa/s and an axial feeding rate of 0.02 mm/s, the specimens are raptured. Under low pressure rate of 0.001 MPa/s and low axial feeding rate of 0.02 mm/s, the thickness in the die cavity area has decreased. A suitable die filling and thickness distribution are obtained at a pressure rate of 0.005 MPa/s and axial feeding rate of 0.1 mm/s. پرونده مقاله