Considering slab method, a three-dimensional analytical model was adopted to evaluate the rolling pressure, force and torque in symmetrical wire flat rolling. Due to the effectiveness of the shear friction model to express the frictional state in the bulk metal forming, thus, it was used to define in slab formulation. In this paper, the plains strain condition no longer is valid and, the strain on z direction must also be taken into account in calculations. The resultant differential equations were solved numerically by Rung Kutta method and MATLAB software. It was concluded that as shear factor rises in the range of o.4 پرونده مقاله

In Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), the applied thermal cycle will cause a change in the chemical composition and structure of the welded zone compared to the base metal (BM). As a result, it causes changes in mechanical properties including fatigue strength. This research investigates the tensile test, hardness, and fatigue properties of A36 low-alloy marine steel with high tensile strength. For this purpose, A36 low-alloy marine steel was welded by the GMAW method. After performing the mechanical tests, the structural examination was done by optical microscope (OM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) on the welded samples. The obtained results show that the fatigue strength of the weld has decreased compared to the base metal by creating coarse and heterogeneous grain structures, which are caused by the effects of the mentioned items in the weld metal. Microstructural defects in the weld metal caused cracks germination and accelerated crack growth. So that the fatigue strength of the weld metal was lower than that of the BM. پرونده مقاله