Introduction: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of low intensity aerobic exercise on serum levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and Endothelin-1 (ET-1) hormones in the Non-Athlete Healthy Elderly Women and Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Methods: 15 females with the coronary artery disease and 15 healthy females were randomly selected for experimental and control groups, respectively. For eight weeks, the participants participated in aerobic exercises three times a week at a constant intensity of 100 ± 10 heart beats per minute. To evaluate VIP and ET-1 hormonal changes, blood samples of all participants were taken 3 times (before, immediately after the last session and 24 hours after last session). Repeated Measures ANOVA test was used to evaluate changes in the VIP, ET-1, and blood pressure. Pearson correlation coefficient Test was used to compare two variables in the control and experimental group. Results: Data analysis did not show any significant difference in the levels of VIP and ET-1 serum before, immediately after and 24 hours after the 24th session in the control group (P=0.52 and P=0.15, respectively) and the patients group (P=0.46 and P=0.22, respectively). Conclusion: Low intensity aerobics exercise will not change the serum VIP and ET-1 levels in the elderly women. Even though this result showed the same amount of VIP and ET-1 level in the healthy women and the patients with coronary artery diseases, the conclusion is that cardiac patients can undergo the progressive exercise programs and withstand higher intensity of exercise. پرونده مقاله

assured diagnosis of heart problems. However, the amount of this factor in response to exercise and in different times of the day is not determined. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of training time (morning and evening) on ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) plasma levels in male patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods: 15 male patients with cardiovascular disease were chosen to participate in this quasi-experimental study. Before the outset of exercise protocol under specialist supervision, pre-test blood samples were taken from subjects at 7:00 in the morning. After taking blood samples, all participants took part in an exercise test until exhaustion. This test was designed based on Bruce protocol including 7 stages and each of these 3 minute stages followed predetermined speed and grade. One week later, subjects went through the same process at 7:00 in the evening. Paired sample t- test was used to analyze and compare pre-test and post-test means of each training period (morning and evening) and compare the mean of both times in the morning and in the evening. SPSS.20 was used to analyze study data. Results: there is no significant difference between pre-test means during morning and evening exercises (P=0.292). In addition to this, no significant relation was observed between post-test mean and three-hour-after test in the morning and evening, (P=0.185) and (P=0.250), respectively. Conclusion: Based on this study it could be said that circadian rhythm and circadian cycle have no severe effect on chemical responds and cardiac risk factors. Thus, cardiovascular patients can engage in their desired exercise during morning and evening. پرونده مقاله

Introduction: Cardiovascular homeostasis such as tonicity of vessels and blood flow can be affected by activities and hormones. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks low intensity aerobic exercise on plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1), blood pressure and heart rate (HR) in healthy men and women and coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the experimental group consisted of 30 CAD patients (15 males and 15 females). The control group included 15 healthy males and 15 healthy females. These groups were chosen randomly. Participants did aerobic exercises with the intensity of 30%-40% of maximum HR. Blood samples were taken from participants in three stages (before, immediately and 24 hours after 8 weeks of exercise) and ET-1 plasma level was measured by ELISA method.
Results: There was no significant alteration in ET-1 plasma level during the experiment. However, there was a significant difference in the systolic blood pressure (SBP) at the three stages in all groups (P = 0.01). In addition, we could observe a significant difference in the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the three stages in CAD men and healthy women (P = 0.03). Conversely, no significant difference was observed in the DBP of other groups. There was a significant difference in the blood pressure of three groups (P = 0.002) except for healthy men.
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that, as there is a threshold in terms of time or intensity to stimulate the secretion of hormone; when the intensity and duration of exercise is below the stimulation threshold, no significant change can be observed in the level of ET-1. پرونده مقاله