Today, the effect of the thermal behavior of materials and spaces in the face of climatic conditions in creating thermal comfort for humans has been proven. Although the buildings usually use fossil fuels and cause heavy consequences such as climate change, favorable thermal behavior is observed in the native buildings of the cities of the central plateau of Iran, including the houses with a central courtyard in Yazd. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to compare the thermal behavior of buildings with a central courtyard in the dry climate of Yazd, to check to what extent central courtyards can provide suitable thermal behavior for these buildings. Modeling and simulation methods have been used in this research. Twenty buildings with a central courtyard were selected in Yazd region and then modeled in Design Builder software. In order to achieve optimal thermal comfort due to the different substructures of these buildings, the total thermal and cooling load should be divided by the square meter of the building. to obtain the values of the total thermal load of the building in terms of kilowatt hours per square meter to provide a basis for comparing these buildings with each other. In line with the purpose of the research, the lower the amount of heating and cooling required and, consequently, the total load of a building, the better its performance in terms of climate. The results of this research showed that the lowest values of the total heating and cooling load belong to single-yard houses. It is like Samsar 142 kwh/m2 and Tehrani ha House 162 kwh/m2 and Rasoulian House 181 kwh/m2. In this way, a comparative comparison can be made from the lowest to the highest amount of energy consumption in native houses in Yazd. According to this Yandi classification, a new typology of residential buildings in the central yard of Yazd can be obtained from the comparative comparison of the buildings in terms of thermal behavior based on the total thermal load. which is a proof of innovation in this research compared to similar researches in this field. پرونده مقاله