The production and discovery of medication for every patient and the acceptable quality of drugs are among the principles tightly related to societal health. Hence, the pharmaceutical industry is a major strategic industry in every country, and removing the obstacles to its development must be a priority. The present research addresses the economic obstacles to the growth of the pharmaceutical industry in Iran. The descriptive survey was used as the research method. Moreover, the statistical population included all the chief managers in the Iranian pharmaceutical industry. The sample size was determined to be 58 using the purposive sampling technique, and simple random sampling was selected as the sampling method. The research data were collected via the library and field methods, with questionnaires being used as the collection tool. The reliability of the questionnaires was determined to be 0.903 using Cronbach's alpha method, and their validity was determined using the Lawshe content validity ratio, based on which the content validity was confirmed by experts. In addition, the research data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical, descriptive, and inferential tests. The results provided a comprehensive description of the economic obstacles to the Iranian pharmaceutical industry in the form of three major groups: pre-production, production, and post-production obstacles. Furthermore, the role and significance of these obstacles were verified by field experts so as to facilitate resolving them via nationwide plans.