رویکرد تجربی در طراحی مدار سوئیچینگ برای مبدل‌های باک سنکرون توان بالا

مزدک عبادی ¹ ( دانشکده فنی و مهندسی- دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران )
محمدامین بهرامیان ² ( دانشکده فنی و مهندسی- دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران )
علی اصغر قدیمی ³ ( دانشکده فنی و مهندسی- دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران )

تاریخ ارسال : 1402/02/18 تاریخ تایید : 1402/05/28

کلید واژه: مبدل باک, کنترل زمان مرده, راه اندازی نرم, توان بالا,

چکیده مقاله :

مبدل‌های باک غیرایزوله از راه حل‌های شناخته شده برای تولید ولتاژ DC قابل کنترل در سطوح توان متوسط و بالا هستند. در این بین مبدل‌های سنکرون به دلیل عدم وابستگی نسبت تبدیل ولتاژ به بار و پیوستگی جریان سلف، مورد توجه زیادی قرار گرفته اند. اما کلیدزنی این مبدل‌ها در سطوح توانی بالاتر، در فرکانس‌های پایین‌تری صورت می‌گیرد. به همین دلیل مدار سوئیچینگ باید با زمان مرده بالاتری کار کند در این مقاله یک طرح مدار کاربردی آنالوگ و بدون استفاده از میکروکنترلر برای کلیدزنی مبدل باک سنکرون ارائه شده است که ضمن تضمین عدم ارسال همزمان پالس به کلیدها، مقدار زمان مرده قابل تنظیمی ارائه می‌دهد که با توجه به سطح ولتاژ و جریان کاری مدار قابل تغییر خواهد بود. پس از تحلیل شرایط لحظه روشن و خاموش شدن مدار، مشخص شد که در لحظه خاموشی جریان گذرای مخربی یه کلیدها اعمال می‌شود که این مقاله برای راه حل این موضوع استفاده از دو رله حالت جامد (SSR) سریع در مسیر سیگنال ورودی به ماژول گیت درایور پیشنهاد می‌دهد که بر روی نمونه اولیه دستگاه تست شده است. این مقاله همچنین با تحلیل شرایط لحظه روشن و خاموش شدن مدار، الزامات مورد نیاز مدار سوئیچینگ را برای اینکه جریان گذرای آسیب زننده‌ای از ترانزیستور دو قطبی با گِیت عایق شده (IGBT) عبور نکند ذکر می‌کند. نتایج آزمایش‌های تجربی روی یک مبدل DC/DC باک سنکرون 15 کیلووات با خروجی 300 ولت 50 آمپر نشان می‌دهد مدار سوئیچینگ طراحی شده به خوبی زمان مرده قابل تنظیم تا 6 میکروثانیه را در کلیدزنی این مبدل ایجاد کرده و شرایط پیوستگی جریان سلف را هم در بی باری و هم تحت بار فراهم کرده است. همچنین روش پیشنهادی به خوبی گذراهای لحظه روشن و خاموش شدن مدار را حذف کرده است.

چکیده انگلیسی :

Non-isolated buck converters are well-known solutions for producing controllable DC voltage at medium and high-power levels. Meanwhile, synchronous converters have received a lot of attention due to the non-dependence of the voltage conversion ratio on the load and the continuity of the inductor current. But the switching of these converters takes place at higher power levels at lower frequencies. For this reason, the switching circuit must work with a higher dead time. In this article, an analog application circuit design without the use of a microcontroller is presented for the switching of the synchronous buck converter, which, while ensuring that pulses are not sent to the keys at the same time, the amount of dead time can be It provides a setting that can be changed according to the voltage level and current of the circuit. After analyzing the conditions at the moment of switching on and off of the circuit, it was found that at the moment of switching off, a destructive transient current is applied to the keys, which this article solves this issue by using two fast SSR relays in the path of the input signal to the gate module. The driver suggests that it has been tested on a prototype device. This article also mentions the requirements of the switching circuit by analyzing the conditions of the moment when the circuit is turned on and off, so that the transient damaging current does not pass through the IGBT. The results of experimental tests on a 15 kW synchronous buck DC/DC converter with an output of 300 V 50 amps show that the well-designed switching circuit creates an adjustable dead time of up to 6 microseconds in the switching of this converter and the continuity conditions It has provided the inductor current both in no load and under load. Also, the proposed method has well removed the transients of the circuit turning on and off.

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