Design and Production of Music Educational Assistant and its Effectiveness on the Cognitive and Skill Learning of Music Students in Comparison with Face-to-Face Training
محورهای موضوعی : 0Rashed Mohammadyan 1 , Saeid Pourroostaei Ardakani 2
1 - Lecturer of Kurdistan farhangian university
2 - Assistant Professor in Computer Science, University of Nottingham
کلید واژه: music, cognitive learning, face-to-face training, Music educational assistant, Skill learning,
چکیده مقاله :
This study aims to design and develop an online teaching system (Nuance) for learning musical instruments compared to face-to-face training. The system performance was tested and analyzed to study the impact of the proposed system on cognitive and skill learning for a Persian music instrument named Setar. This study employed a "quasi-experimental post-test research with two control groups," with 900 Setar elementary students in Sanandaj city participating between 2021 and 2022. Sampling method was used to form two homogeneous groups, including the control group and the experimental group, so there were 15 learners in each group. The experimental group used an online instructional system, while the control group trained face-to-face. For data analysis, independent t-tests were used to compare their means and to assess the normality of variables and homogeneity of variance between groups, using Shapiro-Wilk and Levan tests. The results showed a significant difference between the groups and supported that the proposed system has better cognitive and skill learning performance than face-to-face training. Standard online training, organized by instructional design and based on the principles of music education, can be far more effective than conventional methods of music education (P 0.05). This study implicate the potential for well-designed online music education courses based on principles of music education to improve student outcomes compared to traditional face-to-face instruction. With proper structure and support, online learning offers a promising path forward for addressing challenges in the field of music education.
References
Arkorful, V., & Abaidoo, N. (2015). The role of e-learning, advantages and disadvantages of its adoption in higher education. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 12(1), 29–42
Atlantis Pressei Hart, C. M., Berger, D., Jacob, B., Loeb, S., & Hill, M. (2019). Online learning, offline outcomes: Online course taking and high school student performance. Aera Open, 5(1).
Bai, X. (2017). Promote Technology Self-efficacy via a SCORM-Based e-Learning Approach. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 7(8), 575–580.
Bauer, W. I. (2020). Music learning today: Digital pedagogy for creating, performing, and responding to music. Oxford University Press.
Blake, J. N. (2018). Distance learning music education. Journal of Online Higher Education, 2(3), 1-23.
Calderón-Garrido, D., & Gustems-Carnicer, J. (2021). Adaptations of music education in primary and secondary school due to COVID-19: the experience in Spain. Music Education Research, 23(2), 139-150.
Cano, M. D., & Sanchez-Iborra, R. (2015). On the use of a multimedia platform for music education with handicapped children: A case study. Computers & Education, 87, 254–276.
Carmody, K. and Berge, Z. L. (2005). Elemental analysis of the online learning experience. International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology, 1(3), 108–119.
Chan, L. M., Jones, A. C., Scanlon, E., & Joiner, R. (2006). The use of ICT to support the development of practical music skills through acquiring keyboard skills: a classroom based study. Computers & Education, 46(4), 391–406.
Choudhury, S., & Pattnaik, S. (2020). Emerging themes in e-learning: A review from the stakeholders’ perspective. Computers & Education, 144, 103657.
Cloete, A. L. (2017). Technology and education: Challenges and opportunities. HTS: Theological Studies, 73(3), 1-7.
Colwell, R., & Richardson, C. (Eds.). (2002). The new handbook of research on music teaching and learning: A project of the Music Educators National Conference. Oxford University Press.
Degli Innocenti, E., Geronazzo, M., Vescovi, D., Nordahl, R., Serafin, S., Ludovico, L. A., & Avanzini, F. (2019). Mobile virtual reality for musical genre learning in primary education. Computers & Education, 139, 102-117.
Elcullada Encarnacion, R., Galang, A. A., & Hallar, B. J. (2021). The Impact and Effectiveness of E-Learning on Teaching and Learning. International Journal of Computing Sciences Research, 5(1), 383–397.
Fathema, N., Shannon, D., & Ross, M. (2015). Expanding the technology acceptance model (TAM) to examine faculty use of learning management systems (LMSs) in higher education institutions. Journal of Online Learning & Teaching, 11(2), 210-232
Feldman, E., Contzius, A., Lutch, M., Bugaj, K. K., & Battisti, F. L. (2020). Instrumental music education: Teaching with the musical and practical in harmony. Routledge.
Fick, J., & Bulgren, C. (2022). Developing 21st-Century Musicianship: Tablet- based Music Production in the General Music Classroom. Journal of General Music Education, 35(2), 4-12.
Gherheș, V., F, C. E., Fărcașiu, M. A., & Stanici, M. (2021). E-Learning vs. Face- To-Face Learning: Analyzing Students’ Preferences and Behaviors. Sustainability, 13(8), 4381.
Groulx, T. J., & Hernly, P. (2010). Online master’s degrees in music education: The growing pains of a tool to reach a larger community. Update: Applications of research in music education, 28(2), 60-70.
Ho, T. K. L., Lin, H. S., Chen, C. K., & Tsai, J. L. (2013). Development of a computer-based visualised quantitative learning system for playing violin vibrato. British Journal of Educational Technology, 46(1), 71–81.
Ho, W. C. (2007). Students? Experiences with and preferences for using information technology in music learning in Shanghai?s secondary schools. British Journal of Educational Technology, 38(4), 699–714.
Holdhus, K., Murphy, R., & Espeland, M. I. (2021). Music education as craft. Springer International Publishing.
Huang, C. F., Nien, W. P., & Yeh, Y. S. (2015). Learning effectiveness of applying automated music composition software in the high grades of elementary school. Computers & Education, 83, 74–89.
Hung, C. Y., Sun, J. C. Y., & Liu, J. Y. (2018). Effects of flipped classrooms integrated with MOOCs and game-based learning on the learning motivation and outcomes of students from different backgrounds. Interactive Learning Environments, 27(8), 1028–1046.
Jagušt, T., Botički, I., & So, H. J. (2018). Examining competitive, collaborative and adaptive gamification in young learners’ math learning. Computers & Education, 125, 444–457.
Johnson, C. (2017). Teaching music online: Changing pedagogical approach when moving to the online environment. London Review of Education.
Johnson, C. (2020). A conceptual model for teaching music online. International Journal on Innovations in Online Education, 4(2).
Jonassen, D. H. (1992). Evaluating Constructivistic Learning in Duffy. TM & Jonassen, DH Construtivism and the Technology of Instruction-A Conversation. LEA Publishers.
Jorgensen, E. R. (2008). Transforming Music Education: Indiana University Press.
Joyce, B. R. and Weil, M. (2008). Models of teaching (8th ed.). Pearson.
Koutsoupidou, T. (2014). Online distance learning and music training: benefits, drawbacks and challenges. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 29(3), 243–255.
Leshin, C. B., Pollock, J., & Reigeluth, C. M. (1992). Instructional Design Strategies and Tactics. Educational Technology Pubns.
Liu, J., & Liang, L. (2021, April). The Application of Computer Music Technology in Music Education. In 2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Image Processing, Electronics and Computers (IPEC) (pp. 791-793). IEEE.
Macrides, E., & Angeli, C. (2018). Domain-Specific Aspects of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: Music Education and the Importance of Affect. TechTrends, 62(2), 166–175.
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
McCarthy, C., Bligh, J., Jennings, K., & Tangney, B. (2005). Virtual collaborative learning environments for music: networked drumsteps. Computers & Education, 44(2), 173–195.
Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Baki, M. (2013). The effectiveness of online and blended learning: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Teachers College Record, 115(3), 1–47
Moallem, M. (2003). An interactive online course: A collaborative design model. Educational Technology: Research and Development, 51(4), 85–103
Mroziak, J., & Bowman, J. (2016). Music TPACK in higher education: Educating the educators. Handbook of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) for educators, 285-296.
Mtebe, J. S., & Raphael, C. (2018). Key factors in learners’ satisfaction with the e- learning system at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 34(4), 4.
Müller, A. M., Goh, C., Lim, L. Z., & Gao, X. (2021). COVID-19 Emergency eLearning and Beyond: Experiences and Perspectives of University Educators. Education Sciences, 11(1), 19.
Council, N. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school: Expanded edition.
Pople, A. (1992). Computer music and computer-based musicology. Computers & Education, 19(1–2), 173–182.
Prestiadi, D., Zulkarnain, W., & Sumarsono, R. B. (2019, December). Visionary leadership in total quality management: efforts to improve the quality of education in the industrial revolution 4.0. In The 4th International Conference on Education and Management (COEMA 2019) (pp. 202-206). Atlantis Press.
Rachels, J. R., & Rockinson-Szapkiw, A. J. (2017). The effects of a mobile gamification app on elementary students’ Spanish achievement and self-efficacy. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 31(1–2), 72–89.
Rahayu, F. S., Budiyanto, D., & Palyama, D. (2017). Analisis penerimaan e-learning menggunakan tech- nology acceptance model. Jurnal Terapan Teknologi Informasi, 1(2), 87–98.
Raja, R., & Nagasubramani, P. C. (2018). Impact of modern technology in education. Journal of Applied and Advanced Research, S33–S35.
Raziūnaitė, P., Miliūnaitė, A., Maskeliūnas, R., Damaševičius, R., Sidekerskienė, T., & Narkevičienė, B. (2018). Designing an educational music game for digital game based learning: A Lithuanian case study. In 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO) (pp. 0800-0805). IEEE.
Reaves, J. (2019). 21st-century skills and the fourth industrial revolution: a critical future role for online education. International Journal on Innovations in Online Education, 3(1).
Rolisca, R. U. C., & Achadiyah, B. N. (2014). Pengembangan media evaluasi pembelajaran dalam bentuk online berbasis e-learning menggunakan software wondershare quiz creator dalam mata pelajaran akuntansi SMA Brawijaya Smart School (BSS). Jurnal Pendidikan Akuntansi Indonesia, 12(2).
Rosset, M., Baumann, E., & Altenmüller, E. (2021). Studying Music during the Coronavirus Pandemic: Conditions of Studying and Health-Related Challenges. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.
Russell, J. A. (2018). Statistics in Music Education Research (Unabridged ed.). Oxford University Press.
Savage, J. (2007). Reconstructing Music Education through ICT. Research in Education, 78(1), 65–77.
Taghizadeh, M., & Hasani Yourdshahi, Z. (2019). Integrating technology intoyoung learners’ classes: language teachers’ perceptions. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 33(8), 982–1006.
Tan, A. G., Tsubonou, Y., Oie, M., & Mito, H. (2019). Creativity and music education: A state of art reflection. Creativity in music education, 3-16.
Ulum, H. (2022). The effects of online education on academic success: A meta-analysis study. Education and Information Technologies, 27(1), 429-450.
Walls, K. C. (2008). Distance Learning in Graduate Music Teacher Education. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 18(1), 55–66.
Webster, P. R. (2007). Computer-based technology and music teaching and learning: 2000–2005. In International handbook of research in arts education (pp. 1311-1330). Springer, Dordrecht.
Westerlund, H., Karlsen, S., & Partti, H. (2020). Visions for intercultural music teacher education (p. 219). Springer Nature.
Yaw Obeng, A., & Coleman, A. (2020). Evaluating the effects and outcome of technological innovation on a web-based e-learning system. Cogent Education, 7(1), 1836729.
Yuwono, K. T., & Sujono, H. D. (2018). The Effectiveness of E-Learning: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1140, 012024.
Zhao, Y., Wang, N., Li, Y., Zhou, R., & Li, S. (2020). Do cultural differences affect users’ e‐learning adoption? A meta‐analysis. British Journal of Educational Technology, 52(1), 20–41.
