بررسی فیتوشیمیایی، آنتی‌اکسیدانی و مهارکنندگی آنزیمی عصاره‌های مختلف گیاه دارویی .Salvia hypoleuca Benth

محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمی

بهور اصغری ¹ , سودابه مفاخری ² , مجید قربانی نهوجی ³

1 - دانشیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
3 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/04/28 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/12

کلید واژه: عصاره, مریم گلی, محتوای متابولیتی, مهار آنزیمی,

چکیده مقاله :

گونه های مختلف جنس مریم گلی (Salvia)، گیاهانی هستند که از اسانس ها و عصاره های آنها در صنایع مختلف دارویی، غذایی و آرایشی به شکل گسترده ای استفاده می شود. Salvia hypoleuca Benth. یک گونه بومی این جنس در ایران است که اندام هوایی آن در مرحله گلدهی در تابستان 1399 از اطراف شهرستان الموت استان قزوین جمع آوری شد. در مطالعه حاضر محتوای فنل کل، فلاونوئید، ساپونین و تانن، چهار عصاره هگزانی، اتیل استاتی، متانولی و آبی که با استفاده از روش ماسراسیون تهیه شده بودند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. خواص آنتی اکسیدانتی این عصاره ها نیز با استفاده از روش های DPPH، ABTS، فسفومولیبدنیوم و کیلیت کنندگی آهن و قدرت مهارکنندگی آنزیم های آلفا-آمیلاز، آلفا-گلوکوزیداز و تیروزیناز با استفاده از روش اسپکتروفتومتری اندازه گیری شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده عصاره اتیل استاتی به ترتیب با مقادیر 07/87 و 84/163 میلی گرم معادل گالیک اسید و ساپونین کوئیلاجا بر گرم عصاره دارای بالاترین مقدار محتوای فنلی و ساپونینی بود. عصاره آبی این گیاه نیز با دارا بودن به ترتیب 97/33 و 34/5 میلی گرم معادل کوئرستین و کتچین برگرم عصاره دارای بالاترین محتوای فلاونوئیدی و تاننی متراکم بود. عصاره اتیل استاتی بالاترین قدرت به دام اندازی رادیکال های آزاد ABTS، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانتی تام، قدرت کلیت کنندگی یون فروس و قدرت بازدارندگی فعالیت آنزیم های آلفا-آمیلاز، آلفا-گلوکوزیداز و تیروزیناز را از خود نشان داد. پتانسیل بالای عصاره اتیل استاتی در خواص بیولوژیکی نظیر آنتی اکسیدانتی و ضدرادیکالی، می تواند به محتوای بالای متابولیتی آن به ویژه، ترکیبات فنولی و ساپونینی مربوط باشد. به این ترتیب می توان نتیجه گرفت که این گیاه منبعی غنی از متابولیت های ثانویه فعال است که بهترین حلال استخراجی برای این ترکیبات اتیل استات می باشد. نتایج این تحقیق پتانسیل احتمالی گیاه S. hypoleuca را برای استفاده های دارویی، به ویژه برای مقابله با دیابت و بیماری های پوستی تأیید کرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Various species of Salvia has been used in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.In this study, aerial parts of Salvia hypoleuca L. which is an endemic plant to Iran were collected during the flowering stage in the summer of 2020 from Alamut city of Qazvin province. In the present study, the total content of phenolic, flavonoid, saponin and tannins, four hexane, ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extracts prepared by maceration method were investigated. The antioxidant properties of these extracts were measured by DPPH, ABTS, phosphomolybdenum and iron chelating methods. In addition, α-amylase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory effects of the plant were measured by spectrophotometry. Based on the results, ethyl acetate extract of the plant had the highest phenolic and saponin content with values ​​of 87.07 mg gallic acid g-1 and 163.84 mg quillaja saponin g-1, respectively. The aqueous extract of the plant exhibited the highest amounts of flavonoids and condensed tannins content with 33.97 and 5.34 mg quercetin and catechin g-1 in the extract, respectively. Ethyl acetate extract indicated the highest ABTS radical scavenging, total antioxidant, ferrous ion chelating activities, as well as inhibitory effects of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibition properties. The high potential of ethyl acetate extract in biological properties, like antioxidant and antiradical activities could be attributed to its high metabolite contents especially, phenolic and saponin compounds. Thus, it could be concluded that this plant is a rich source of functional secondary metabolites and ethyl acetate is the best extractant solvent. The results of this study confirmed the potential of Salvia hypoleuca for medicinal uses, especially for diabetes and skin diseases.

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