مستندسازی علمی و بررسی اتنوبوتانیکی گیاهان دارویی منطقه مانه و سملقان خراسان شمالی
محورهای موضوعی :
گیاهان دارویی
پویا آروین
1
(
استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
)
رعنا فیروزه
2
(
دکتری،گروه زیست شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/09/21
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/11/10
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/13
کلید واژه:
خراسان شمالی,
اتنوبوتانی,
گزارش استفاده (UR),
شاخص فراوانی نسبی ثبت (RFC),
شاخص اجماع مطلعین (ICF),
چکیده مقاله :
اتنوبوتانی یا قوم گیاه‌شناسی، دانشی مبنی بر مستندسازی اطلاعات غیرمکتوب سنتی به‌منظور بهره‌برداری بهینه از منابع و حفاظت مؤثر از تنوع زیستی و اطلاعات فرهنگی می‌باشد. با توجه به تنوع پوشش گیاهی و تجربیات کهن استفاده های دارویی آن در استان خراسان شمالی، در سال 1399 مطالعه‌ای جهت اتنوبوتانی گیاهان دارویی منطقه مانه و سملقان انجام گرفت. اطلاعات مربوط به جنبه های مختلف گیاهان از قبیل خواص دارویی و مصارف سنتی، نحوه استفاده و زمان جمع آوری نمونه‌های گیاهی از افراد بومی منطقه، با تهیه پرسشنامه و در قالب مصاحبه حضوری و مشاهده مشارکتی گردآوری شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد، از تعداد 106 گونه گیاه دارویی، 18 گونه به تیره نعنائیان (Lamiaceae) تعلق داشته و پس از آن تیره‌های آفتابگردان (Asteraceae) با 17 گونه و تیره چتریان (Apiaceae) با 12 گونه در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. گونه دارویی شیرین‌بیان[1] با 385 گزارش جهت رفع مشکلات گوارشی و تنفسی، گیاه کاسنی[2] با 366 گزارش به منظور درمان بیماری های گوارشی و پوستی و گیاه پنیرک[3] با 358 گزارش با هدف درمان بیماری های عمومی و تنفسی به‌ترتیب بالاترین میزان شاخص گزارش استفاده (UR[4]) را نشان دادند. همچنین گیاه شیرین‌بیان با 98/0، کاسنی با 95/0 و آویشن با 93/0 به‌ترتیب بیشترین میزان شاخص فراوانی نسبی ثبت (RFC[5]) را نیز به خود اختصاص دادند. ازنظر فرم زیستی 48 گونه همی کریپتوفیت، 21 گونه فانروفیت، 17 گونه تروفیت، 12 گونه کامفیت و 8 گونه ژئوفیت در منطقه شناسایی شد. یافته های این تحقیق نشان می دهد که اطلاعات اتنوبوتانیکی مردم این منطقه می تواند زمینه مناسبی برای شناسایی اثرات درمانی جدید گیاهان، استفاده بهتر از گیاهان دارویی و فرآورده های آن ها را فراهم آورد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Ethnobotany or botanical ethnography is the knowledge of documenting of traditional unwritten information in order to make optimal use of resources and effeectively protect of biodiversity and cultural information.Due to the diversity of vegetative cover in North Khorasan province and also many traditional and scientific sources, a study in 2020 was carried out to identify the medicinal plants of Maneh and Semelghan regions and use of the knowledge and experience of the indigenous people to introduce the properties and unknowns dimension of medicinal plants. Information about various aspects of plants such as traditional uses and how to use and sampling time of plants by preparing a questionnaire in the form of face-to-face interview and participatory observation were collected from experienced natives. The results of the present study showed that out of 106 species of medicinal plants, 18 species belonged to the Lamiaceae family, followed by the Asteraceae family with 17 species and the Apiaceae family with 12 species respectively. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) with 385 reports to relieve digestive and respiratory problems and Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) with 366 reports for treatment of digestive and skin diseases and Mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) with 358 reports to treat systematic and respiratory diseases showed the highest Use of Report, respectively. Also Glycyrrhiza glabra with 0.98, Cichorium intybus with 0.95 and Thymus transcaspicus with 0.93 had the highest rate of Relative Frequency of Citation index, respectively. In terms of biological form, 48 species of Hemicryptophytes, 21 species of Phanerophytes, 17 species of Therophytes, 12 species of Chameophytes and 8 species of Geophytes were identified in the region. The findings of this study show that the ethnobotanical information of the people of this region can provide a good basis for identifying the new therapeutic effects of plants, better use of medicinal plants and their products.
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Abtahi, F. 2019. Ethnobotanical study of some medicinal plants of Shazand City in Markazi Province. Iran, Journal Medicinal Plants, 18:197-211.
Al-Fatimi, M. 2019. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in central Abyan governorate, Yemen. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 241:111973.
Alimirzaei, F., Mohammadi Kalayeh, A., Shahraki, M.R. and Behmanesh, B. 2017. Local knowledge of medicinal plants from the point of view of nomads in the rangelands of Chehel-Kaman, Razavi Khorasan province. Journal of Indigenous Knowledge, 4: 156- 201.
Alonso-Castro, A.J., Maldonado-Miranda, J.J., Zarate-Martinez, A., del Rosario Jacobo-Salcedo, M., Fernandez-Galicia, C. and Figueroa-Zuniga, L.A. 2012. Medicinal plants used in the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,143: 292-298.
Archibold, O. W. 1995. Ecology of world vegetation, Chapman and Hall, Inc, London.
Arvin, P. and Firouzeh, R. 2022. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants in Razo-Jargalan district in North Khorasan province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 6: 873-907.
Asadi, M., Maassoumi, A.A., Khatamsaz, M. and Mozaffarian,V. (ed,) ,1988-2012, Flora of Iran, vols, 1–76. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publications, Tehran.
Choudhary, S., Kaurav, H. and Chaudhary, G. 2021. Kasani beej (Cichorium intybus): Ayurvedic View, Folk View, Phytochemistry and Modern Therapeutic Uses. International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology. 8(2):114-125.
Davis, P.H. (ed,), 1965-1988, Flora of Turkey, vols 1-10, University of Edinburg Press.
Demeke, C.A., Woldeyohanins, A.E. and Kifle, Z.D. 2021. Herbal medicine use for the management of COVID-19: A review article. Journal of Metabolism Open.12:1-6.
Dolatkhahi, M., Ghorbani Nohooji, M., Mehrafarin, A., Amini Nejad, G. and Dolatkhahi, A. 2012. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Kazeroon, Iran: Identification, Distribution and Traditional Usage. Jounnal of Medicinal plants, 2 (42): 163-178.
Dolatkhahi, M. and Nabi pour, I. 2013. An ethnobotanic study of medicinal plants in the Northeast Basin of the Persian Gulf. Quarterly Journal of Medicinal Plants, 13:129-43.
Eghbal, H., Moazen Zadeh, O. and Bohlooli, Sh. 2016. A review of the therapeutic and phytochemical properties of peppermint Mentha longifolia. The First National Conference on Aromatic and Spicy Herbs, Iran, Gonbad, 1-16.
Farhadi, M. 2006. Ethnography of indigenous knowledge and technologies. Iranians Nan-e-Shab Journal Namaye Pajouhesh.
Fathi, M., Ghane, M. and Pishkar, L. 2021. Phytochemical composition antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Malva sylvestris against human pathogenic bacteria, Jundishapur. Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical, In press.
Foroozandeh, E. and Asadi Gharneh, H.A. 2021. Dracocephalum kotschyi: An Iranian endemic medicinal plant, A review. Journal of Medicinal Herbs. 12(1):9-17.
Frouzeh, M.R., Heshmati, Gh. and Barani, H. 2014. Investigation on the knowledge of food preparation using edible plants. Iranian Journal Indigenous Knowledge, 4:109-129.
Ghadimi Joboni, M. and Ghavam, M. 2021. Ethnobotany of medicinal and edible plants in Jubon village of Guilan province using descriptive statistics. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 1:127-144.
Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. 2009. Medicinal plants used in Chaharmahal and Bakhtyari districts, Iran. Herba Polonica, 55: 69-75.
Ghavam, M., Manconi, M., Manca, M.L., Bacchetta, G. 2021. Extraction of essential oil from Dracocephalum kotschyi (Lamiaceae), identification of two active compounds and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 267: 1- 26.
Gholipour, A., Ghorbani Nohooji, M., Rasuli, N. and Habibi, M. 2014. An ethnobotanical study on the medicinal plants of Zarm-rood Rural District of Neka (Mazandaran Province). Jounnal of Medicinal plants, 4 (52): 101-121.
Habibi, M., Soleiman, S., Gholamali Pour Alamdari, E. and Jorjani, I. 2013. Investigation the ethnobotany of medicinal plants in Shirvan. The First Conrference of National Resources Management, 8pp.
Haerinasab, M. and Abbasi, S. 2019. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants and introduction to some poisonous plant species of Ardestan (Isfahan Province). Journal of Medicinal Plants, 122-144.
Heidari, A., Zali, SH. and Heidari, Gh. 2015. Ethnobotanical survey of Namarestagh summer rangelands, Amol (Mazandaran). Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine, 5 (4): 330-339.
Heinrich, M. 2015. Ethnobotany and its role in drug development. Phytotherapy Research, 14.
Hooper, D. and Field, H. 1973. Useful plants and drugs of Iran and Iraq, Field museum of Natural History. Botanical Series, 9 (3): 71- 241.
Hosseini, M., Rahim Forouzeh, M. and Barani, H. Identification and investigation of ethnobotany of some medicinal plants in Razavi Khorasan Province. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 18(70): 212-231.
Hosseini, S, H., Bibak, H. and Ramezani Qara, A. 2020. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants of the South Kerman. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants,1: 30-64.
Iranmanesh, M., Najafi, S. and Yosefi, M. 2010. Studies on ethnobotany of important medicinal plants in Sistan. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 1(2): 61-68.
Janda, K., Gutowska, I., Geszke-Moritz, M. and Jakubczyk, K. 2021. The Common Cichory (Cichorium intybus) as a source of extracts with health-promoting properties- A Review. Journal of Molecules. 26(6): 1-14.
Khodayari, H., Amani, Sh. and Amiri, H. 2014. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants in the Northeast of Khoozestan Province. Ecophytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 8:12-25.
Khodayari, H. and Amani, Sh. 2015. Ethnobotanical study about medicinal plants in Ize (Khuzestan Province). The first national conference on medicinal herbs, traditional medicine and organic farming, Hamadan, 161:1-15.
Khorshid Abas, Z., Saggu, S., Sakeran, M., Zidan, N., Rehman, H. and Ansari, A. 2015. Phytochemical, antioxidant and mineral composition of hydroalcoholic extract of chicory (Cichorium intybus L,) leaves. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 22: 322-326.
Komarov, V, L. and Shishkin, B,K, (chief editors). 1963-2001. Flora of the USS,R, vols 1-30, IPST and Keter Press, and Shiva Offset Press.
Long, Ch. and Rong, L. 2004. Ethnobotanical studies on medicinal plants used by the Red-headed Yao People in Jinping, Yunnan Province, China. Journal of Ethno Pharmacology, 90- 99.
Mafakheri, S., Asghari, B. and Nikjuyan, M.J. 2018. Effect of nano zinc chelate on morpho-physiological and phytochemical chracteristics of Dracocephalum kotschyi in drought stress condition. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science. 49: 755-767.
Mahdavi-Meymand, Z. and Mirtajadini, M. 2010. The collection and identification of the some plant species of Kerman province. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2: 1-
Mardani nejhad, Sh. and Vazirpour, M. 2012. Study of ethnobotany of medicinal plants by people of Mobarakeh in the Esfahan province. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 2: 111-129.
Mirdeilami, S.Z., Heshmati, G.A. and Barani, H. 2014. Ethnobotanical and ethnoecological survey on medicinal species (case study Kechik Rangelands in the Northeast Golestan Province). Semiannual Journal of Indigenous Knowledge, 2: 129-154.
Mobayen, S. 1981. Plant Geography, 2nd edition, Tehran University Publication, Tehran.
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