ارزیابی و مقایسه فیتوشیمیایی و آنتی‌اکسیدانی سه گیاه دارویی پرمصرف در رویشگاه‌های طبیعی استان فارس

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

ایوب مزارعی ¹ , لیلا فهمیده ²

1 - دانشجوی دکتری بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/06/02 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/03/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/03/01

کلید واژه: فارس, آنتی‌اکسیدان, فنل و فلاونویید, رویشگاههای مختلف, گونه‌های دارویی,

چکیده مقاله :

رشــد و تولیــد گیاهــان در اکوسیســتم ها و رویشــگاه های طبیعــی مختلــف، تحــت تاثــیر عوامــل مختلــف قــراردارد. پژوهش حاضر به منظور ارزیابی و مقایسه فیتوشیمیایی و آنتی اکسیدانی 3 گونه دارویی پر مصرف شامل: آویشن شیرازی (Zataria multifolia Boiss)، بومادران شیرازی (Achillea eriophora DC) و بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L) در پنج رویشگاه طبیعی (فسا، فیروزآباد، کازرون، فراشبند و دهرم) واقع در استان فارس انجام شد.پس از جمع آوری اندام های هوایی گیاهان در مرحله گلدهی و تهیه عصاره متانولی به روش خیساندن، محتوای فنولی و فلاونوئیـدی بـه ترتیـب بـا روش هـای معـرففولین-سیوکالتیو و رنگ سنجی کلرید آلومینیوم، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی با روش DPPH سنجیده شده است.نتایج نشان داد که عملاً یک رابطه و همبستگی مثبت میان ترکیبات ثانوی گیاه با عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی آنها وجود دارد و این رابطه برای هر سه نمونه گیاهی کاملا معنی دار بود، به‌‌طوری‌که به‌ترتیب گونه‌های آویشن شیرازی و بومادران در رویشگاه‌های دهرم و فراشبند از بیشترین میزان ترکیبات فنلی و فلاونوییدی برخوردار بودند و به فراخور آن عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی بیشتری نیز از خود نشان دادند به نظر می رسد تفاوت در میزان ترکیبات ثانوی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی نشان دهنده اثر ارتفاع رویشگاه بر کمیت و کیفیت مواد موثره گونه‌ها می‌باشد و با توجه به اهمیت اثر شرایط متنوع اکولوژیکی بر ترکیبات دارویی گونه‌ها پیشنهاد می‌شود در تحقیقات آتی اثر هر یک از دیگر عوامل از جمله خاک رویشگاه‌ها نیز مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد .

چکیده انگلیسی:

Growth and generation of plants in different ecosystems and natural habitats are influenced by various factors. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the phytochemicals and antioxidants of three widely-used medicinal plant species including Zataria multifolia Boiss, Matricaria chamomilla L. and Achilla millefolium L. which grown in five natural habitats (Fasa, Firoozabad, Kazeroun, Farashband and Dehram) located in Fars province, South of Iran . Phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts obtained by maceration (soaking) method were determined via Folin-Ciocaltiu and Aluminum chloride colorimetric, respectively. The antioxidant properties were also investigated through DPPH method. Based on the results, there is a positive correlation between plant secondary compounds and their antioxidant performance, and this relationship was quite significant for all three plant samples. Among the regions under the study, the highest phenolic and flavonoid compounds yields were detected in Farashband and Dehram regions, respectively. Among the results, the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as antioxidant properties were identified in Achillea eriophora DC and Zataria multifolia Boiss species from Farashband and Dehram regions had the highest values. The differences observed in phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as antioxidant properties could be attributed to the effects of climatic conditions such as height above sea level on the investigated plants.

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