ارزیابی و مقایسه فیتوشیمیایی و آنتی‌اکسیدانی سه گیاه دارویی پرمصرف در رویشگاه‌های طبیعی استان فارس

الموضوعات :

ایوب مزارعی ¹ , لیلا فهمیده ²

1 - دانشجوی دکتری بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 13 الجمعة , ذو الحجة, 1439 تاريخ التأكيد : 28 الخميس , رمضان, 1441 تاريخ الإصدار : 28 الخميس , رمضان, 1441

الکلمات المفتاحية: فارس, آنتی‌اکسیدان, فنل و فلاونویید, رویشگاههای مختلف, گونه‌های دارویی,

ملخص المقالة :

رشــد و تولیــد گیاهــان در اکوسیســتم ها و رویشــگاه های طبیعــی مختلــف، تحــت تاثــیر عوامــل مختلــف قــراردارد. پژوهش حاضر به منظور ارزیابی و مقایسه فیتوشیمیایی و آنتی اکسیدانی 3 گونه دارویی پر مصرف شامل: آویشن شیرازی (Zataria multifolia Boiss)، بومادران شیرازی (Achillea eriophora DC) و بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L) در پنج رویشگاه طبیعی (فسا، فیروزآباد، کازرون، فراشبند و دهرم) واقع در استان فارس انجام شد.پس از جمع آوری اندام های هوایی گیاهان در مرحله گلدهی و تهیه عصاره متانولی به روش خیساندن، محتوای فنولی و فلاونوئیـدی بـه ترتیـب بـا روش هـای معـرففولین-سیوکالتیو و رنگ سنجی کلرید آلومینیوم، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی با روش DPPH سنجیده شده است.نتایج نشان داد که عملاً یک رابطه و همبستگی مثبت میان ترکیبات ثانوی گیاه با عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی آنها وجود دارد و این رابطه برای هر سه نمونه گیاهی کاملا معنی دار بود، به‌‌طوری‌که به‌ترتیب گونه‌های آویشن شیرازی و بومادران در رویشگاه‌های دهرم و فراشبند از بیشترین میزان ترکیبات فنلی و فلاونوییدی برخوردار بودند و به فراخور آن عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی بیشتری نیز از خود نشان دادند به نظر می رسد تفاوت در میزان ترکیبات ثانوی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی نشان دهنده اثر ارتفاع رویشگاه بر کمیت و کیفیت مواد موثره گونه‌ها می‌باشد و با توجه به اهمیت اثر شرایط متنوع اکولوژیکی بر ترکیبات دارویی گونه‌ها پیشنهاد می‌شود در تحقیقات آتی اثر هر یک از دیگر عوامل از جمله خاک رویشگاه‌ها نیز مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد .

المصادر:

1. Alibakhshi, M., Mahdavi, S.Kh., Mahmoudi, J. and Ghalichnai, H. 2014. Study phytochemical of essential oil Stachys inflata on different habitats in Mazandaran. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medical Plants, 6(2): 56-68.


2. Aali, E., Mahmoudi, R., Kazeminia, M., Hazrati, H. and Azarpey, F. 2017. Essential oils as natural medicinal substances: review article. Tehran University Medical Journal, 75(7): 480-489.(In Persian)


3. Ahmadi, E., Abdollahi, A., Najafipour, S., Meshkibaf, MH., Fasihi-Ramandi, M., Namdar, N., Abdollahi, S., Mousavi, SM., SamiZadeh, B. and Allahverdi, GH. 2016. Surveying the effect of the phenol compounds on antibacterial activity of herbal extracts: in vitro assessment of herbal extracts in Fasa-Fars province. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 6 (2): 210-220.


4. Amjad, L., Mohammadi Kamal Abadi, M. and Mohammadi, M. 2015. Antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of Yarrow's flower and leaf. Journal of Qom University of Medical Sciences, 5(3): 50-56.


5. An-Jun, L., Yue-Wie, W., Zen-Zyan, Z., Yan, W. and Ying, C. 2010. Extraction and antimicrobial activities of polysaccharide from walnut kernel pellicle. Modern Food Science and Technology, 26(4): 160-5.


6. Aznar, A., Fernández, P.S., Periago, P.M. and Palop, A. 2013. Antimicrobial activity of nisin, thymol, carvacrol and cymene against growth of Candida lusitaniae. Food Science and Technology International, 21(1): 72-79.


7. Bakhshi-Khanik, Gh., Sefidkon, F. and Dehghan, Z. 2010. The effects of some ecological factors on essential oil yield and composition of Ziziphora clinopodioides L. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 1(1): 9-16.


8. Burits, M. and Bucar, F. 2000. Antioxidant activity of Nigella sativa essential oil. – Phytopathology, 14: 323-328.


9. Chang, Y.L., Kim, D.O., Lee, K.W., Lee, H.J. and Lee, C.Y. 2002. Vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) of phenolic phytochemicals. Food Chemistry, 50(13): 3713-3717.


10. Chang, Y.L., Kim, D.O., Lee, K.W., Lee, H.J. and Lee, C.Y. 2002. Vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) of phenolic phytochemicals. Food Chemistry, 50(13): 3713-3717.


11. Ebrahimzadeh, M.A., Hosseinimehr, S.J., Hamidinia, A. and Jafari, M. 2008. Antioxidant, and free radical scavenging activity of Feijoa sallowiana fruits peel and leaves. Pharmacology online, 1: 7-14.


12. Eddouks. M., Lemhadri, A., Zeggwagh, N.A. and Michel, J.B. 2005. Potent hypoglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract of Chamaemelum nobile in normal and streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 67(3): 189-195.


13. Falleh, H., Ksouri, R., Lucchessi, M-E., Abdelly, Ch. and Magné, Ch. 2012. Ultrasound-assisted extraction: effect of exraction time and solvent power on the levels of polyphenols and antioxidant activity of Mesembryanthemum edule L. Aizoaceae shoots, Journal of Pharmacy Research, 11(2): 243-249.


14. Fang, Z., Zhang, Y., Lü, Y., Ma, G., Chen, J., Liu, D. and Ye, X. 2009. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of bayberry juices. Food Chemistry, 113: 884-8.


15. Fang, Z., Zhang, Y., Lü, Y., Ma, G., Chen, J., Liu, D. and Ye, X. 2009. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of bayberry juices. Food Chemistry, 113: 884-8.


16. Fazeli-Nasab, B., Rahnama, M. and Mazaraie, A. 2017. Correlation between antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of nine medicinal plant extracts. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 27(149): 63-78.


17. Ghanbari, M., Souri, M.K., Omidbaigi, R. and Hadavand Mirzaei, H. 2014. Evaluation of some ecological factors, morphological traits and essential oil productivity of Achillea millefolium L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30 (5): 692-701.


18. Ghani, A., Azizi, M., Pahlavanpoor, A.A. and Pasanzadeh, M. 2014. Comparison of percentage and essential components of Yazd berry Shirazi in terms of local and agricultural conditions. Quarterly Journal of Medicinal Plants, 8(2): 120-128.


19. Hakkinen, SH. and Torronen, A.R. 2000. Content of flavonols and selected phenolic acids in strawberries and vaccinium species: Influence of Cultivar, Cultivation Site and Technique. Food Research International, 33: 517-524.


20. Harbourne, N., Jacquier, J.Ch. and O'Riordan, D. 2009. Optimization of the extraction and processing conditions of a tropa for incorporation into a beverage. Food Chemistry, 115:15-19


21. Izadi, Z., Modarres Sanavi, S.A.M., Sorooshzadeh, A., Esna-Ashari, M. and Davoodi, P.A. 2013. Antimicrobial activity of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) and feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.). Armaghane-danesh, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences Journal, 18(1): 31-43


22. Jafari, R., Manochehri Kalantari, Kh. and Ahmadi Mousavi, A. 2007. Effect of paclobutrazol on accumulation of antioxidants in tomato seedlings under cold stress. Iranian Journal of Biology, 20: 206-216.


23. Jamshidi, M., Mazandarani, M., and Fthi azad, F. 2010. The effect of height on the secondary metabolites fruit Sambucus ebulus L. National Conference of Iranian Medicinal Plants. 12(2): 75-87.


24. Kaghazlo, Z., Hemati, Kh. and Khorasani Nezhad, S. 2017. Effect of height on some secondary metabolites of different organs of Sambucus ebulus L. in three cities in Golestan province. Journal of Iranian Plant Physiological Research, 12(47): 1-13.


25. Kamkar, A., Jebelli Javan, A., Asadi, F. and Kamalinejad, M. 2010. The antioxidative effect of Iranian Mentha pulegium extracts and essential oil in sunflower oil.  Food and Chem. Toxicol, 48: 1796-1800.


26. Karimian, V., Vahabi, M., Fazilati, M. and Tarkesh, M. 2012. Effect of ecological factors on chemical compounds of Verbascum songaricum leaves. Journal Herbal Drugs. 3(3): 191-8.


27. Khalili1, M. and Ebrahimzadeh, M.A. 2014. a review on antioxidants and some of their common evaluation methods. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 24(120): 188-208.


28. Koca, I. and Karadeniz, B. 2009. Antioxidant properties of blackberry and blueberry fruits grown in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 121: 447-50


29. Kouchaki, A., Soltani, A. and Azizi, M. 2013. Plant Ecophysiology. The university of Mashhad publications, 272p.


30. Lee, S.E., Hwang, H.J., Ha, J.S., Jeong, H.S. and Kim, J.H. 2012. Screening of medicinal plant extracts for antioxidant activity. Life Sciences, 73: 167-179.


31. Livani, F. 2014. Total phenol and anthocyanin variation in different parts of Prunus spinosa L. and Mespilus germanica L. in Golestan province. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 4(1): 79-88.


32. Mazaraie, A., Mousavi-Nik, S.M. and Leila, F. 2018. Assessments of phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activity of aqueous, alcoholic, methanol and acetone extracts of thirteen medicinal plants. Nova Biologica Reperta, 4(4): 299-309.


33. Mehran, M., Hosseini, H., Hatami, A.R., Taghezadeh, M. and Safaie, A.R. 2016. Investigation of essential oils of seven species of Thymus and comparison of their antioxidant properties. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 15(2): 134-140.


34. Mir Azadi, Z., Pilhor, B., Mshkat Alsadat, M.H., Alirezaie, M. and Khansari, A. 2012. The effect of main ecological factors on the percentage of shrub essential oil yield in different forest habitats of Lorestan province. Journal of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, 14(3): 109-101.


35. Mirazadi, Z. and Pilehvar, B. 2013. The effects of some ecological factors on Myrtus Communis distribution in Lorestan province. Iranian Forests Ecology. 1(2): 1-11.


36. Mirzaei, A., Akbartabartori, M., Sadeghi, H. and Sharifi, B. 2010. The evaluation of total phenol and antioxidant activity yarrow, wormwood and chamomile. Journal of Armaghane Danesh, 15(3): 243-252.


37. Mohammadnejad Ganji, S.M., Moradi, H., Ghanbari, A. and Akbarzadeh, M. 2017. Quantity and quality of secondary metabolites in lavender plant under the influence of ecological factors. Nova Biologica Reperta, 4: 166-172.


38. Mohtashamnia, S. 2012. Evaluation of the most important environmental factors affecting the distribution of the genus Artemisia in Fars province. Natural Ecosystems of Iran, 1(3): 75-86


39. Molaie, M., Ardavan, M., Safidi, K., Bahrami, B. and Hashemi Majd, K. 2015. Ecological factors affecting the distribution of Artemisia aucheri Boiss in the southeastern part of Sabalan. Scientific Journal of Rangeland, 11(2): 139-151


40. Motevasel, M., Okhovat, M.A., Zomorodian, K. and Farshad, Sh. 2013. Antibacterial effect of Zataria multiflora Extract on MRSA. Southern Medicine Biomonology, 17(5): 900-906


41. Nabavi, S.J., Zali, S.H., Ghorbani, J. and Kazemi, S.Y. 2015. The effect of habitat on quality and quantity of the extracts plant cones from Juniperus Communis. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 4(3): 311-318


42. Oke, F., Aslim, B., Ozturk, S. and Altundag, S. 2009. Essential oil composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Satureja cuneifolia Ten. FoodChemistry, 112(4): 874-879.


43. Omidbaigi R. 2005. Production and Processing of medicinal plants. Tehran University, 283pp.


44. Ordone, A.A.L., Gomez, J.D. and Vattuone, M.A. 2008. Antioxidant activities of Sechium edule Swartz extracts. Food Chemistry,97: 452-458.


45. Osia, N., Musavi Khalili, A., Mazandarani, M., Bayat, H. and Borhani, G. 2013. Aut ecology, ethnopharmacology, antioxidant activity of Achillea millefolium L. sub sp. millefolium and floristic spectrum of medicine plants in Charbagh mountain in south east of Golestan province. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medical Plants, 1(1): 65-83.


46. Papaioannou. P., Lazari. D., Karioti, A., Souleles, C., Heilmann. J. and Hadjipavlou Litina, D. 2007. Phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity from Anthemis tinctoria L. (Asteraceae). Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 62 (5-6): 326-230.


47. Parnbam, M.J. and Kesselring, K. 1985. Rosmarinic acid. Drugs of the Future, 10(9):756-757.


48. Rani, M., Ozguven, M. and Kirici, A. 2010. The effects of some herb's essential oils on some microbes. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 6(20): 3525-3529.


49. Safi, Z., Saeidi, K., Lorigooini, Z. and Shirmardi, H.A. 2016. Evaluation of total phenols and antioxidant activity of Mullein (Verbascum songaricum) ecotypes. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 17: 68-75.


50. Saharkhiz, M., Sattari, M., Goodarzi, GH. and Omidbaigi, R. 2008. Assessment of antibacterial properties of Tanacetum parthenium L. essential oil. Journal Medicinal Aromatatic Plants, 24(1): 47-55.


51. Singh O., Khanam Z., Misra N. and Srivastava MK. 2011. Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): An overview. Pharmacogn Review. 5(9):82-95.


52. Theriault, M., Caillet, K. and Lacroix, S. 2006. Antiradical, antimutagenic activities of phenolic compounds present in maple products. Food Chemistry, 98: 490-501.


53. Vaiciulytė, V. and Lozienė, K. 2015. Metabolomic analysis and effects of meteorological factors on phenolic and non-phenolic chemotypes of Thymus pulegioides L. cultured in the same locality. Industrial Crops and Products, 77: 491-498.


54. Yavari, A. and Shahgolzari, S.M. 2016. Effect of some ecological factors on quality and quantity of effective ingredient of Stachys inflate at Touyserkan region. Agroecology Journal, 12 (1): 77-85.