بررسی و مقایسه فیتوشیمیایی اسانس و عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی سرشاخه‌های گیاه دارویی Juniperus Sabina L. در رویشگاه‌های مختلف مازندران و گلستان

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

امیر قربانزاده ¹ , عظیم قاسم نژاد ² , مصطفی خوشحال سرمست ³ , صمد نژادابراهیمی ⁴

1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولیدگیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.
2 - استادیار و عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
3 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولیدگیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.
4 - پژهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/05/17 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/09/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/12/01

کلید واژه: آنتی‌اکسیدان, گلستان, سابینن, ترپنوئید, میرتنیل- استات,

چکیده مقاله :

گیاه Juniperus sabina L.ازجمله گیاهان دارویی ارزشمند شمال ایران است که از اثرات فارماکولوژیکی بسیاری از جمله خواص ضدسرطانی، ضد مالاریا و ضد باروری برخوردار است. پژوهش حاضرباهدف ارزیابی فیتوشیمیایی اسانس و عملکرد آنتی اکسیدانی سرشاخه های گیاه مای مرزدر دو استان گلستان و مازندران انجام شد. نمونه ها از سه رویشگاه رامسر، رامیان وتوسکستان در فصل تابستان سال 1397 جمع آوری شدند. اسانس گیری به روش تقطیر با آب و شناسایی ترکیبات با استفاده از دستگاه GC-FID و GC-MS انجام شد. از دو روش TAOC و DPPH جهت بررسی توانمندی آنتی اکسیدانی و روشرنگ‌سنجی (فولین- سیکالچو) جهت سنجش فنل کل استفاده شد. بیشترین مقدار فنل‌کل در نمونه رامسر (mg GAE/g dw19/0± 33/3)، مهار رادیکال DPPH در نمونه رامیان (99/4 ±1/43 درصد) و آنتی اکسیدان کل در نمونه توسکستان (12/0±05/19 میلی‌گرم اسکوربیک اسید در گرم وزن خشک) مشاهده شد.اگرچه درصد اسانس و توانمندی آنتی اکسیدانی جمعیت‌های مناطق مورد مطالعه تفاوت معنی داری نداشتند، با این وجود تغییرات اجزای اسانس به ویژه ترکیبات قالب کاملاً متفاوت بود. مقدارسابینن به‌عنوان ترکیب غالب در سه رویشگاه مذکور به ترتیب 5/12، 8/49 و 58 درصدبود. نکته قابل توجه در این پژوهش وجود ترکیب میرتنیل-استات به مقدار 6/72 درصد در نمونه رامسر بود که تاکنون در رابطه با این گیاه گزارش نشده است.با توجه به تفاوت بارز مشاهده شده در ترکیب اسیدهای چرب ضروری اسانس مای مرز رامسر، پیشنهاد می‌گردد که این توده گیاهی به دقت بیشتری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و ممکن است در آینده به عنوان کموتایپی از مای مرز معرفی گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract Juniperus sabina L. is one of the valuable medicinal plants belonging to Cupressaceae family which has precious pharmaceutical effects such as anti-cancer properties, prevention of cell division, anti-malarial and anti-fertility. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the quantity and quality of essential oil compounds as well as antioxidant activity in the brunchlets of Juniperus sabina. samples were collected from three habitats of Ramsar, Ramyan and Tooskestan in the summer of 2018. The essential oils compounds were analyzed by using GC-FID and GC-MS. Both TAOC and DPPH methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant potential and the colorimetric method (Folin-ciocalteu) for measuring total phenol. The highest amount of total phenol in Ramsar sample (3.33 ± 0.19 mg GAE/g dw), DPPH radical scavenging in Ramyan sample (43.1±4.99%) and total antioxidant in Tooskestan sample (19.5±0.12 mg ascorbic acid /g dw) was observed. Sabinene was one of the major constituents in all samples (12.5, 49.8 and 58 % respectively). The notable finding of this study was the presence of myrtenyl-acetate (72.6%) in the Ramsar sample that has been never reported in this plant. Due to the significant difference observed in the essential oil composition of Ramsar, further studies on this plant is suggested and it may be introduced as a new chemotype in the future.  

منابع و مأخذ:

 

References

1. Adams, R.P. 2007. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Allured publishing corporation Carol Stream, Texas, 804 p.


2. Adams, R.P. 2018. The composition of the leaf essential oils of J . sabina var . balkanensis : chemotypes high in trans-sabinyl acetate and methyl eugenol discovered in three natural populations . Phytologia, 100(1): 43–50.


3. Adams, R.P., Nguyen, S.and Liu, J. 2006. Geographic Variation in the Leaf Essential Oils of Juniperus sabina L. and J. sabina var. arenaria (EH Wilson) Farjon. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 18(5): 497–502.


4. Asgary, S., Naderi, G.A., Sahebkar, A., Ardekani, M.R.S., Kasher, T., Aslani, S. and Emami, S.A. 2013. Essential oils from the fruits and leaves of Juniperus sabina possess inhibitory activity against protein glycation and oxidative stress: An in vitro phytochemical investigation. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 25(1): 70–77.


5. Asili, J., Emami, S.A., Rahimizadeh, M., Fazly-Bazzaz, B.S.and Hassanzadeh, M.K. 2010. Chemical and antimicrobial studies of Juniperus sabina L. and juniperus foetidissima willd. Essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, 13(1): 25–36.


6. Baba, S.A., Malik, A.H., Wani, Z.A., Mohiuddin, T., Shah, Z., Abbas, N.and Ashraf, N. 2015. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of different tissue types of Crocus sativus and oxidative stress alleviating potential of saffron extract in plants, bacteria, and yeast. South African Journal of Botany, 99: 80–87.


7. Bais, S., Gill, N.S. and Kumar, N. 2015. Neuroprotective Effect of Juniperus communis on Chlorpromazine Induced Parkinson Disease in Animal Model. Chinese Journal of Biology, 2015: 1–7.


8. Banerjee, S., Singh, H.and Chatterjee, T.K. 2013. Evaluation of anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic potential of methanolic extract of Juniperus CommunisL. in streptozotocinnicotinamide induced diabetic rats. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 4(3): 10–17.


9. Dahmane, D., Dob, T. and Chelghoum, C. 2015. Chemical composition of essential oils of Juniperus communis L. obtained by hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 6(5): 1253–1259.


10. Demasi, S., Caser, M., Lonati, M., Cioni, P.L., Pistelli, L., Najar, B. and Scariot, V. 2018. Latitude and altitude influence secondary metabolite production in peripheral alpine populations of the mediterranean species lavandula angustifolia mill. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 1-11.


11. Emami, S.A., Asgary, S., Naderi, G.A., Ardekani, M.R.S., Kasher, T., Aslani, S. and Sahebk, A. 2011. Antioxidant activities of Juniperus foetidissima essential oils against several oxidative systems. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 21(4): 627–634.


12. Emami, S.A., Asili, J., Mohagheghi, Z. and Hassanzadeh, M.K. 2007. Antioxidant Activity of Leaves and Fruits of Iranian Conifers. 4(3): 313–319.


13. Emami, S.A., Shahidi, N.H. and Hassanzadeh-Khayyat, M. 2009. Antioxidant activity of the essential oils of different parts of Juniperus sabina L. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd (Cupressaceae). International Journal of Essential Oil Therapeutics, 3: 163–170.


14. Hojjati, F., Sereshti, H. and Hojjati, M. 2019. Leaf essential oils and their application in systematics of Juniperus excelsa complex in Iran. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 84: 29–34.


15. Hosseinihashemi, S.K., Dadpour, A. and Lashgari, A. 2017. Antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Juniperus excelsa ssp. polycarpos wood extracts. Natural Product Research, 31(6): 681-685.


16. Jahan, I.A., Hossain, M.H., Ahmed, K.S., Sultana, Z., Biswas, P.K. and Nada, K. 2018. Antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera seed extracts. Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, 18(4): 299-307.


17. Joo, S.S., Kim, Y.B. and Lee, D.I. 2010. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of secondary metabolites from white rose flower. Plant Pathology Journal, 26(1): 57–62.


18. Kopjar, M., Tadić, M.and Piližota, V. 2015. Phenol content and antioxidant activity of green, yellow and black tea leaves. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 2(1): 1–6.


19. Korouri, S.A.A., Khoushnevis, M. and Matinizadeh, M. 2011. Comperhensive studies of Juniper species in Iran.Forest, Ranges and Watershed Organization of Iran, Tehran, 560 p.


20. Küçük, M., Kolaylı, S., Karaoğlu, Ş., Ulusoy, E., Baltacı, C. and Candan, F. 2007. Biological activities and chemical composition of three honeys of different types from Anatolia. Food Chemistry, 100(2): 526–534.


21. Loizzo, M.R., Tundis, R., Conforti, F., Saab, A.M., Statti, G.A. and Menichini, F. 2007. Comparative chemical composition, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activities of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus L. berry and wood oils from Lebanon. Food Chemistry, 105(2): 572–578.


22. Moeina, S. and Moeinb, M. 2010. Antioxidant activities and phenolic content of Juniperus excelsa extract. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6(2): 133–140.


23. Nikolić, B., Vasilijević, B., Mitić-Culafić, D., Lesjak, M., Vuković-Gačić, B., Dukić, N. M.and Knežević-Vukčević, J. 2016. Screening of the antibacterial effect of Juniperus sibirica and Juniperus sabina essential oils in a microtitre platebased MIC assay. Botanica Serbica, 40(1): 43–48.


24. Orhan, N., Orhan, I.E. and Ergun, F. 2011. Insights into cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of five Juniperus species. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49(9): 2305–2312.


25. Patel, M. and Patel, J. 2011. In vitro antioxidant activity of coumarin compounds by DPPH, Super oxide and nitric oxide free radical scavenging methods. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research, 1, 52–68.


26. Pokorný, J. 2007. Are natural antioxidants better – and safer – than synthetic antioxidants? European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 109(6): 629–642.


27. Rabeta, M.S. and Nur Faraniza, R. 2013. Total phenolic content and ferric reducing antioxidant power of the leaves and fruits of garcinia atrovirdis and cynometra cauliflora. International Food Research Journal, 20(4): 1691–1696.


28. Saboora, A., Dadmehr, K. and Ranjbar, M. 2013. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and investigation on antioxidant properties of stem and leaf extracts in six Iranian species of wild Dianthus L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 29(2): 281–295.


29. Sadeghi, H., Robati, Z. and Saharkhiz, M.J. 2015. Variability in Zataria multiflora Bioss. essential oil of twelve populations from Fars province, Iran. Industrial Crops and Products, 67: 221–226.


30. Sun, L., Zhang, J., Lu, X., Zhang, L. and Zhang, Y. 2011. Evaluation to the antioxidant activity of total flavonoids extract from persimmon (Diospyroskaki L.) leaves. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49(10): 2689–2696.


31. Taviano, M.F., Marino, A., Trovato, A., Bellinghieri, V., La Barbera, T.M., Güvenç, A. and Miceli, N. 2011. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of branches extracts of five Juniperus species from Turkey. Pharmaceutical Biology, 49(10): 1014–1022.


32. Taviano, M.F., Marino, A., Trovato, A., Bellinghieri, V., Melchini, A., Dugo, P. and Miceli, N. 2013. Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus and Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. macrocarpa (Sibth. & Sm.) Ball. “berries” from Turkey: Comparative evaluation of phenolic profile, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 58: 22–29.


33. Wojdyło, A., Oszmiański, J. and Czemerys, R. 2007. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 32 selected herbs. Food Chemistry, 105(3): 940–949.


34. Xie, S., Li, G., Qu, L., Zhong, R., Chen, P., Lu, Z. andZhu, Y. 2017. Podophyllotoxin Extracted from Juniperus sabina Fruit Epididymal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis. (2017): 1-14.


35. Xu, D.P., Li, Y., Meng, X., Zhou, T., Zhou, Y., Zheng, J. and Li, H. Bin. 2017. Natural antioxidants in foods and medicinal plants: Extraction, assessment and resources. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(1): 20–31.


36. Zheljazkov, V.D., Kacaniova, M., Dincheva, I., Radoukova, T., Semerdjieva, I.B., Astatkie, T. and Schlegel, V. 2018. Industrial Crops & Products Essential oil composition , antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the galbuli of six juniper species. Industrial Crops and Products, 124: 449–458.


37. Žugić, A., Dordević, S., Arsić, I., Marković, G., Živković, J., Jovanović, S. and Tadić, V. 2014. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 10 selected herbs from Vrujci Spa, Serbia. Industrial Crops and Products, 52: 519–527.