ارزیابی کمیت و کیفیت اسیدهای چرب در گیاه داروییLinum usitatissimum L.تحت تأثیر محلول‌پاشی بوریک‌اسید، سالسیلیک‌اسید و اوره در طول روز

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

مهتاب پویان فر ¹ , ناصر محب علی پور ² , حسن نورافکن ³ , علی فرامرزی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و محصولات ارگانیک، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه ، ایران.
3 - استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و محصولات ارگانیک، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران.
4 - استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/06/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/08/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/09/27

کلید واژه: عناصر غذایی, کتان, نرمال هگزان, تغذیه برگی, آلفالینولنیک‌اسید,

چکیده مقاله :

بذر کتان Linum usitatissimum L. یکی از مهمترین محصولات دانه روغنی جهان است و روغن آن منبع ارزشمندی از اسیدهای چرب ضروری امگا-3 از نوع آلفالینولنیک‌اسید می‌باشد. این گیاه نسبت به کودی که در نزدیکی ساقه ریخته می‌شود حساس است، بنابراین تغذیه برگی عناصر غذایی به عنوان یک روش‌ کارآمد با تأثیرگذاری عمده بر رشد، کمیت و کیفیت مواد مؤثره این محصول به‌کار می‌رود. پژوهش حاضر در مزرعه گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد میانه طی سال 1398 جهت ارزیابی اثر محلول‌پاشی غلظت های مختلف بوریک‌اسید، سالسیلیک‌اسید و اوره در ساعات مختلف روز به منظور افزایش کمیت و کیفیت اسیدهای چرب ضروری به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها به فواصل ده روز در سه دوره پس از شروع گلدهی اعمال و برداشت نهایی جهت استخراج روغن توسط حلال نرمال هگزان پس از رسیدن کپسول‌ها انجام گرفت. درصد پروفایل اسیدهای چرب روغن کتان با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگراف گازی و کروماتوگراف گازی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی تعیین شد. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده محلول‌پاشی 50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سالیسیلیک‌اسید بعد از غروب بر درصد آلفالینولنیک‌اسید و 3 ‌گرم در لیتر بوریک‌اسید بعد از غروب بر لینولئیک‌اسید، 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سالیسیلیک‌اسید قبل از طلوع بر ایکوزادی‌انوئیک‌اسید و 5 گرم در لیتر اوره بعد از غروب بر پالمیتولئیک‌اسید مؤثر واقع شد. همچنین می‌توان گفت ترکیبی از اثرات محیط بر گیاه قبل و حین محلول‌پاشی و فیزیولوژی گیاه در هنگام جذب و پس از جذب، بر میزان تأثیر ماده محلول‌پاشی شده تأثیرگذار است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Linum usitatissimum L. is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world and moreover, its oil is a valuable source of essential fatty acids composed of omega-3 such as alpha-linolenic acid. This plant is sensitive to fertilizer that is poured near the stem. Therefore, foliar application of nutrients is used as an efficient method with a major impact on the growth, quantity and quality of active ingredients in this product. This factorial experiment was performed based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Medicinal Plants Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch, during 2019 to assess  the effect of foliar application of different concentrations of boric acid, salicylic acid and urea at different hours of the day on increasing the quantity and quality of essential fatty acids. Treatments were applied at ten-day intervals in three periods after the beginning of flowering and the final harvest was performed to extract the oil with N-hexane solvent after capsule maturity. The percentage of fatty acid profile of flaxseed oil were determined using GC and GC-MS connected to mass spectrometer. Based on the results, the foliar application 50 mg/l salicylic acid on the percentage of alpha-linolenic acid and 3 liters of boric acid on linoleic acid after sunset, and 100 mg/l salicylic acid on eicosadienoic acid before sunrise and 5 g/l urea on palmitoleic acid after sunset were effective. Therefore, a combination of environmental effects on the plant before and during foliar application and plant physiology during and after uptake determines the effect of foliar application.

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