ارزیابی و مقایسه ده اکوتیپ از گیاه دارویی کلپوره (Teucrium polium L.)در تحمل به تنش خشکی
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
زهرا توحیدی
1
,
حمید سبحانیان
2
,
امین باقی زاده
3
1 - گروه زیست شناسی . دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران-ایران
3 - گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران
کلید واژه: پروتئین, تنش خشکی, پرولین, گیاه دارویی, صفات مورفولوژیکی, صفات فیزیولوژیکی, کلپوره,
چکیده مقاله :
گیاهان دارویی به عنوان محصولات مهم کشاورزی می توانند به دلیل نقش حیاتی آن‌ها در پیشبرد اهداف ملی برای تحقق سلامت و همچنین به‌عنوان گنجینه‌های ژنتیکی، بزرگترین ثروت ملی برای هر کشور محسوب شوند. کشور ایران با داشتن اقلیم‌های متفاوت دارای تنوع گیاهان دارویی زیادی می‌باشد. تشخیص وضعیت رشد گیاهان دارویی در شرایط تنش خشکی می‌تواند منجر به کشت گیاهان مقاوم در مناطق خشک یا کم‌آب شود. درپژوهش حاضر به مطالعه پاسخ‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی ده اکوتیپ از گیاه دارویی کلپوره (Teucrium polium L.) بومی جنوب شرقی ایران در شرایط تنش خشکی خواهیم پرداخت. لذا به این منظور یک آزمایش گلخانه‌ای فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. در این آزمایش تیمارهای رطوبتی 100، 70 و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی اعمال شد. نتایج حاصل از داده‌ها نشان داد صفات مورفولوژیکی مورد بررسی شامل طول ساقه، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی درسطح پنج درصد با افزایش تنش خشکی کاهش یافت. همچنین تنش خشکی موجب افزایش طول ریشه، محتوای پرولین و ترکیبات فنلی، کاهش محتوای کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل‌کل و محتوای پروتئین گردید. بالاترین مقاومت به تنش را اکوتیپ های مناطق سرچشمه و کوهپایه و کمترین مقاوت را گیاهان مناطق شهداد و عنبرآباد نشان دادند. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش مورد نظر حاکی از مقاومت نسبی این گیاه به تنش خشکی می‌باشد. لذا گیاه دارویی بسیار مناسبی برای کاشت در مناطق خشک و کم آب ایران می باشد. از بین اکوتیپ های بررسی شده گیاهان منطقه سرچشمه و کوهپایه به شرایط تنش خشکی 40 درصد پاسخ مطلوبتری دادند و با اطمینان بیشتری می توان کشت این اکوتیپ ها را در مناطق تحت تنش توصیه کرد.
Medicinal plants, as important agricultural products, can be considered as the greatest national wealth for any country because of their vital role in promoting national goals for health and also as genetic treasures. Having a diversity of climates, Iran has a great variety of medicinal plants. Detecting the growth status of medicinal plants under drought stress conditions can lead to the cultivation of resistant plants in dry or semidry areas. In the present study, we investigated the morphological and physiological responses of ten ecotypes of the medicinal plant Teucrium polium L. native to southeastern Iran under drought stress. For this purpose, a factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. In this experiment, moisture treatments of 100, 70, and 40% of field capacity were applied. Analysis of the data showed that the morphological traits under study including stem length and fresh and dry weight of shoots decreased by 5% with increasing drought stress. Drought stress also increased root length, proline content, and phenolic compounds while decreasing chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and protein contents. The highest resistance to stress was shown by ecotypes growing in Sarcheshmeh and Kuhpayeh regions and the lowest resistance was shown by plants in Shahdad and Anbarabad regions. The results of the study indicated the relative resistance of this plant to drought stress. Therefore, it is a very suitable medicinal plant for cultivation in dry and low water areas of Iran. Among the studied ecotypes, the plants of Sarcheshmeh and Kuhpayeh regions responded 40% better to drought stress conditions and cultivation of these ecotypes in stressed areas can be recommended with more confidence.
Alfocea, F.P., Estan, M.T., Crus, A.S. and Bolarin, M.C. (1993). Effect of salinity on nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble protein and free amino acid levels in tomato. 68: 1021-1027
Anjum, S.A., Xie, X.Y., Wang, L.C., Saleem, M.F., Man, C. and Lei, W. (2011). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African journal of Agricultural Research 6: 2026-2032.
Arazmjo, A., Heidari, M. and Ghorbani, A. (2010). The effect of water stress and three sources of fertilizers on flower yield, physiological parameters and nutrient uptake in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 4: 482-494.
Babaei, K., Amini, M., Modares sanavi, A. and Jabbari, R. (2010). The effect of drought stress on morphological traits, proline content and thymol content in (Thymus vulgaris L.) thyme. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 2: 239-251.
Baghizadeh, A., Haj Mohammad Rezaei, M., Tohidi, Z. (2019). Evaluation of interaction effect of drought stress with ascorbate and salicylic acid on the activity of some antioxidant enzymes and flavonoids in Hibiscus esculentus L. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). 33(1): 142-152.
Bahernik, Z., Mirza, M., Abbaszadeh, b. and Naderi, M. (2007). The effect of drought stress on some metabolic processes of violet. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 3: 322-315.
Banayan aval, M.F., Khani Nejad, S.F., Ghorbani, S. and Arefi, A. (2011). Evaluation of oscillation of some plant production components in medicinal plants, Iranian Agricultural Research 9: 378-368
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., and Teare, I.D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil. 29:205-207.
Biglouie, M.H., Assimi, M.H. and Akbarzadeh, A. (2010). Effect of water stress at different stages on quantity and quality traits of Virginia (flue cured) tobacco type. Plant Soil Environment. 2: 67-75.
Buchanan-Wollaston, V. Earl, H.J., Harrison, E., Mathas, E., Navabpour, S., Page, T. (2003). The molecular analysis of leaf senescence a genomics approach. Plant Biotechnol. 1:3–22.
During, H. (1992). Evidence for osmotic adjustment to drought in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Vitis .23: 1-10
Ghazanchian, A., Khoshkholq Sima, N., Malboubi, M.A. and Majidi, A. (2005). Investigation of the effect of drought stress and re-irrigation in the early vegetative stages of permanent grasses in the cold season after establishment, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. 58: 230-21
Hanson, A.D. and Hitz, W.D. (2000). Metabolism response of mesophytes to plant water deficits. 33: 163-203
Hasani, A. and Omidbeigi, R. (2004). Effect of water stress on some morphological, physiological and metabolical traits in basil (Ociumum Basilicum). Journal Agricult. Sci. 12: 47-59.
Honsdorf, N., March, T.J., Hecht, A., Eglinton, J., and Pillen, K. (2014). Evaluation of juvenile drought stress tolerance and genotyping by sequencing with wild barley introgression lines. Mol Breeding. 34(3): 1475-95.
Khan, A.S., UL-Allah, S. and Sadique, S. (2010). Genetic variability and correlation among seedling traits of Wheat (Triticum sativum) under water stress. International Journal of Agricultur and Biology. 12(2): 249-250
Katiyar, C., Gupta, A., Kanjilal, S., Katiyar, S. (2012). Drug discovery from plant sources: An integrated approach. Ayu 33, 10-19.
Kholova, J., Hasan, C.T.M., Khocova, M. and Vadie, V. (2011). Doesa terminal drought tolerance QTL contribute to differences in ROS scavenging enzymes and photosynthetic pigments in pear millet exposed to drought. Journal of Environmental and Experimental Botany. 71: 199-106
Lawlor, D.W. and Cornic, G. (2002). Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plant, cell and Environment. 25: 275-249
Lichtenthaler, H.K. (1987). Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology. 148: 350-382
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J. and Rand, R J. (1951). Protein measurmont with the folin phenol reagent.J.Biol. Chem. 193: 256-273
Misra, A. and Sricastatva, N.K. (2000). Influence of water stress on Japanese mint. J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants 7: 51-58.
Mokhtari, A. and brothers, R. (2011). The effect of drought stress on some growth indices of Satureja hortensis, Regional Conference on Crop Ecophysiology. Shushtar.
Movahedi Dehnavi, M., Modares sanavi, A., Soroushzadeh, A., and Jalali, M. (2004). Changes in proline, total soluble sugars, chlorophyll (SPAD) and fluorescence in autumn safflower cultivars under drought stress and foliar application of zinc and manganese. Desert Magazine 9: 93-109
Moustapha, C., Hasen, T., Waleed, M., Sadaka, M. (2011). Chemical constituents of Teucrium polium L. var. mollissimum Hand-Mazz. Jordan J. Chem. 6: 339-345.
Patel, B.S., Sadaria, S.G. and Petal, J.C. (1996). Influence of irrigation, nitrogen and phosphorus on yield, nutrient uptake and water-use efficiency of blond psyllium (Plantago ovate). Indian Journal of Agronomy. 41: 136-139.
Pedrol, N., Ramose, P. and Riegosa, M.J. (2000). Phenotypic plasticity and acclimation to water deficits in vevet-grass: a long-term greenhouse experiment.
Rad, M.H., Mir Hosseini, S.R., Meshkat, M.A. and Soltani, M. (2008). The effect of soil moisture on the development of Haloxylon spp., Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research. 16: 112-123
Reddy, A.R., Chaitanya, K.V. and Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology 161: 1189-1202
Safarnejad, A. (1996). Improwment in salt and drought tholerance in alfalfa (Meticago sativa L.) using tissue culture and molecular genetic tenchnique Ph.D thesis university of liverpol.
Safikhani, F., Heidari Sharifabad, H., Siadat, S.A., Sharifi Ashurabadi, A., Seyed Nia, S.M., Abbas Zadeh, B. (2007). The effect of drought stress on the percentage and yield of essential oil and physiological characteristics of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 23: 99-88
Sairam, R.K., Deshmukh, P.S. and Saxena, D.C. (2001). Role of antioxidant Systemes in wheat genotype tolerance to water stress. Biologia Plantarum. 41(3): 387-394
Salisbury, F.B., and Ross, C.B. (1991). Plant Physiol. 316-321
Schonfeld, M.A., Johnson, R.C., Carver, B.F. and Monhinweg, D.W. (1998). Water relation in winter wheat as drought resistance indicators. Crop Science. 28: 526-531.
Sodaii Zadeh, H., Shamsaie, M., Tajamoliyan, M., Mirmohammady maibody, A.M., Hakim zadeh, M.A. (2016). The Effects of Water Stress on some Morphological and physiological Characteristics of Satureja hortensis. J. plant proc. func 5 (15): 1-12.
Somogy, M. (1952). Notes on sugar determination. Jurnal of Biological Chemistry. 195: 19-29.
Sonald, S.F., and Laima, S.K. (1999). Phenolics and cold tolerance of Brassica napus. Plant Agriculture. 1: 1-5.
Shakirova, F.M., and Sahabutdinova, D.R. (2003). Changes in the hormonal status of wheat seedling induced by salicycilic acid and salinity. Plant Science. 164: 317-322.
Tazikehmiyandare, M., Niyakan, M., and Ahmadigosefidi, M. (2012). Effect of pretreatment of salicylate on the growth and photosynthetic pigments parameters of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under different levels of stiffness. Journal of Plant Science Research. 28(4): 654-663.
Tavakoli Saberi, M. and Sedaghat, H. (1992). Medicinal plants. Golshan Publications.
Tran, P.L., Lowry, N., Campbell, T., Reid, T.W., Webster, D.R., Tobin, E., Aslani, A., Mosley, T., Dertien, J., Colmer-Hamood, J.A., and Hamood, A.N. (2012). An organoselenium compound inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on hemodialysis catheters in vivo. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 56: 972-978.
Ulubelen, A., Topcu, G., and Sonmez, U. (2000). Chemical and biological evaluation of genus Teucrium. Stud. Nat. Prod. Chem. 23: 591-648.
Wehner, G., Balko, C., Enders, M., Humbeck, K., and Ordon, F. (2015). Identification of genomic regions involved in tolerance to drought stress and drought stress induced leaf senescence in juvenile barley. BMC Plant Biol. 15:125-250
Yamada, Y., and Fukutoku, Y. (2003). Effect of water stress on soybean stress. Soybean in tropical and sub tropical cropping system. 48: 373-382
Yaniv, Z., and Palevitch, D. (1982). Effect of drought on secondary metabolites of medicinal and aromatic plants- areview. In: Cultivation and utilization of medicinal plants. Research Laboratory (CSIR). 1-12.
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Alfocea, F.P., Estan, M.T., Crus, A.S. and Bolarin, M.C. (1993). Effect of salinity on nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble protein and free amino acid levels in tomato. 68: 1021-1027
Anjum, S.A., Xie, X.Y., Wang, L.C., Saleem, M.F., Man, C. and Lei, W. (2011). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African journal of Agricultural Research 6: 2026-2032.
Arazmjo, A., Heidari, M. and Ghorbani, A. (2010). The effect of water stress and three sources of fertilizers on flower yield, physiological parameters and nutrient uptake in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 4: 482-494.
Babaei, K., Amini, M., Modares sanavi, A. and Jabbari, R. (2010). The effect of drought stress on morphological traits, proline content and thymol content in (Thymus vulgaris L.) thyme. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 2: 239-251.
Baghizadeh, A., Haj Mohammad Rezaei, M., Tohidi, Z. (2019). Evaluation of interaction effect of drought stress with ascorbate and salicylic acid on the activity of some antioxidant enzymes and flavonoids in Hibiscus esculentus L. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). 33(1): 142-152.
Bahernik, Z., Mirza, M., Abbaszadeh, b. and Naderi, M. (2007). The effect of drought stress on some metabolic processes of violet. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 3: 322-315.
Banayan aval, M.F., Khani Nejad, S.F., Ghorbani, S. and Arefi, A. (2011). Evaluation of oscillation of some plant production components in medicinal plants, Iranian Agricultural Research 9: 378-368
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., and Teare, I.D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil. 29:205-207.
Biglouie, M.H., Assimi, M.H. and Akbarzadeh, A. (2010). Effect of water stress at different stages on quantity and quality traits of Virginia (flue cured) tobacco type. Plant Soil Environment. 2: 67-75.
Buchanan-Wollaston, V. Earl, H.J., Harrison, E., Mathas, E., Navabpour, S., Page, T. (2003). The molecular analysis of leaf senescence a genomics approach. Plant Biotechnol. 1:3–22.
During, H. (1992). Evidence for osmotic adjustment to drought in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Vitis .23: 1-10
Ghazanchian, A., Khoshkholq Sima, N., Malboubi, M.A. and Majidi, A. (2005). Investigation of the effect of drought stress and re-irrigation in the early vegetative stages of permanent grasses in the cold season after establishment, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. 58: 230-21
Hanson, A.D. and Hitz, W.D. (2000). Metabolism response of mesophytes to plant water deficits. 33: 163-203
Hasani, A. and Omidbeigi, R. (2004). Effect of water stress on some morphological, physiological and metabolical traits in basil (Ociumum Basilicum). Journal Agricult. Sci. 12: 47-59.
Honsdorf, N., March, T.J., Hecht, A., Eglinton, J., and Pillen, K. (2014). Evaluation of juvenile drought stress tolerance and genotyping by sequencing with wild barley introgression lines. Mol Breeding. 34(3): 1475-95.
Khan, A.S., UL-Allah, S. and Sadique, S. (2010). Genetic variability and correlation among seedling traits of Wheat (Triticum sativum) under water stress. International Journal of Agricultur and Biology. 12(2): 249-250
Katiyar, C., Gupta, A., Kanjilal, S., Katiyar, S. (2012). Drug discovery from plant sources: An integrated approach. Ayu 33, 10-19.
Kholova, J., Hasan, C.T.M., Khocova, M. and Vadie, V. (2011). Doesa terminal drought tolerance QTL contribute to differences in ROS scavenging enzymes and photosynthetic pigments in pear millet exposed to drought. Journal of Environmental and Experimental Botany. 71: 199-106
Lawlor, D.W. and Cornic, G. (2002). Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plant, cell and Environment. 25: 275-249
Lichtenthaler, H.K. (1987). Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology. 148: 350-382
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J. and Rand, R J. (1951). Protein measurmont with the folin phenol reagent.J.Biol. Chem. 193: 256-273
Misra, A. and Sricastatva, N.K. (2000). Influence of water stress on Japanese mint. J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants 7: 51-58.
Mokhtari, A. and brothers, R. (2011). The effect of drought stress on some growth indices of Satureja hortensis, Regional Conference on Crop Ecophysiology. Shushtar.
Movahedi Dehnavi, M., Modares sanavi, A., Soroushzadeh, A., and Jalali, M. (2004). Changes in proline, total soluble sugars, chlorophyll (SPAD) and fluorescence in autumn safflower cultivars under drought stress and foliar application of zinc and manganese. Desert Magazine 9: 93-109
Moustapha, C., Hasen, T., Waleed, M., Sadaka, M. (2011). Chemical constituents of Teucrium polium L. var. mollissimum Hand-Mazz. Jordan J. Chem. 6: 339-345.
Patel, B.S., Sadaria, S.G. and Petal, J.C. (1996). Influence of irrigation, nitrogen and phosphorus on yield, nutrient uptake and water-use efficiency of blond psyllium (Plantago ovate). Indian Journal of Agronomy. 41: 136-139.
Pedrol, N., Ramose, P. and Riegosa, M.J. (2000). Phenotypic plasticity and acclimation to water deficits in vevet-grass: a long-term greenhouse experiment.
Rad, M.H., Mir Hosseini, S.R., Meshkat, M.A. and Soltani, M. (2008). The effect of soil moisture on the development of Haloxylon spp., Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research. 16: 112-123
Reddy, A.R., Chaitanya, K.V. and Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology 161: 1189-1202
Safarnejad, A. (1996). Improwment in salt and drought tholerance in alfalfa (Meticago sativa L.) using tissue culture and molecular genetic tenchnique Ph.D thesis university of liverpol.
Safikhani, F., Heidari Sharifabad, H., Siadat, S.A., Sharifi Ashurabadi, A., Seyed Nia, S.M., Abbas Zadeh, B. (2007). The effect of drought stress on the percentage and yield of essential oil and physiological characteristics of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 23: 99-88
Sairam, R.K., Deshmukh, P.S. and Saxena, D.C. (2001). Role of antioxidant Systemes in wheat genotype tolerance to water stress. Biologia Plantarum. 41(3): 387-394
Salisbury, F.B., and Ross, C.B. (1991). Plant Physiol. 316-321
Schonfeld, M.A., Johnson, R.C., Carver, B.F. and Monhinweg, D.W. (1998). Water relation in winter wheat as drought resistance indicators. Crop Science. 28: 526-531.
Sodaii Zadeh, H., Shamsaie, M., Tajamoliyan, M., Mirmohammady maibody, A.M., Hakim zadeh, M.A. (2016). The Effects of Water Stress on some Morphological and physiological Characteristics of Satureja hortensis. J. plant proc. func 5 (15): 1-12.
Somogy, M. (1952). Notes on sugar determination. Jurnal of Biological Chemistry. 195: 19-29.
Sonald, S.F., and Laima, S.K. (1999). Phenolics and cold tolerance of Brassica napus. Plant Agriculture. 1: 1-5.
Shakirova, F.M., and Sahabutdinova, D.R. (2003). Changes in the hormonal status of wheat seedling induced by salicycilic acid and salinity. Plant Science. 164: 317-322.
Tazikehmiyandare, M., Niyakan, M., and Ahmadigosefidi, M. (2012). Effect of pretreatment of salicylate on the growth and photosynthetic pigments parameters of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under different levels of stiffness. Journal of Plant Science Research. 28(4): 654-663.
Tavakoli Saberi, M. and Sedaghat, H. (1992). Medicinal plants. Golshan Publications.
Tran, P.L., Lowry, N., Campbell, T., Reid, T.W., Webster, D.R., Tobin, E., Aslani, A., Mosley, T., Dertien, J., Colmer-Hamood, J.A., and Hamood, A.N. (2012). An organoselenium compound inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on hemodialysis catheters in vivo. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 56: 972-978.
Ulubelen, A., Topcu, G., and Sonmez, U. (2000). Chemical and biological evaluation of genus Teucrium. Stud. Nat. Prod. Chem. 23: 591-648.
Wehner, G., Balko, C., Enders, M., Humbeck, K., and Ordon, F. (2015). Identification of genomic regions involved in tolerance to drought stress and drought stress induced leaf senescence in juvenile barley. BMC Plant Biol. 15:125-250
Yamada, Y., and Fukutoku, Y. (2003). Effect of water stress on soybean stress. Soybean in tropical and sub tropical cropping system. 48: 373-382
Yaniv, Z., and Palevitch, D. (1982). Effect of drought on secondary metabolites of medicinal and aromatic plants- areview. In: Cultivation and utilization of medicinal plants. Research Laboratory (CSIR). 1-12.
