اثر غلظت‌های مختلف نانوذرات بتاسیکلودکسترین برشاخص‌های رشد و سیستم‌های دفاعی آنزیمی، نشت یونی و میزان پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی غشاء در گیاه دارویی ریحان رقم کشکنی لوءلوء (Ocimum basilicum L. c.v. keshkeni luvelou)
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
آزاده لونی
1
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم وتحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تهران، ایران)
سارا سعادتمند
2
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم وتحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تهران، ایران)
حسین لاری یزدی
3
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد بروجرد، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، بروجرد، ایران)
علیرضا ایرانبخش
4
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم وتحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: نشت یونی, آنزیم, نانوذرات, Ocimum basilicum, بتاسیکلودکسترین,
چکیده مقاله :
ورود فناوری نانو به حوزه گیاهان دارویی ،صنعت کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی متضمن افزایش میزان تولیدات و کیفیت آن‌ها، در کنار حفظ محیط‌زیست و منابع کره‌ی زمین می‌باشد. خصوصیات مواد با تغییر اندازه آن‌ها به سمت نانو تغییر می‌کند. نانوذرات بتاسیکلودکسترین به عنوان یک استراتژی جدید محافظت از گیاه توصیف می‌شود و واکنش دفاعی گیاه را القاء می‌کند. به همین منظور مطالعه اثر نانوذرات بتاسیکلودکسترین بر روی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و فعالیت‌های بیوشیمیایی، در رقم کشکنی‌لوءلوءی ریحان، آزمایشی بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی باچهار تکرار در چهار سطح 0، 10، 50، 100 میلی‌گرم برلیتر در گلخانه اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد شاخص‌های مختلف رشد از جمله طول و قطر ریشه و ساقه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی و سطح برگ نسبت به شاهد درسطح احتمال 5درصد افزایش معنی‌دار یافت. بیشترین افزایش در تیمار 50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر مشاهده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که اثر تیمارهای مختلف بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های سوپراکسیددیسموتازو کاتالازو پراکسیدازو میزان مالون‌دی‌آلدئید و نشت‌یونی ریشه و برگ نسبت به کنترل افزایش معنی‌دار یافت. شاخص پایداری غشاء از طریق اندازه‌گیری میزان نشت الکترولیت برگ و ریشه ارزیابی شد. کاهش معنی‌دار نشت یونی و مالون‌دی‌آلدئید ریشه و برگ در تیمار 50 میلی‌گرم برلیتر از نانوبتاسیکلودکسترین مشاهده شد که نشان‌دهنده افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌ها بود. ورود نانوذرات بتاسیکلودکسترین به حوزه‌ی کشاورزی می‌تواند دامنه کنترل شیمیایی و اختلال در اعمال فیزیولوژی محیطی را به حداقل برساند. روند تغییرات پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی مورد بررسی در مطالعه حاضر، شاخص‌های نسبتا مطمئن جهت معرفی بهترین غلظت از نانوبتاسیکلودکسترین برای گیاه دارویی ریحان می‌باشد.
By nanotechnology entrance into the field of medicinal plants, the agricultural industry and food industry ensures an increase in the amount and quality of their products, along with the preservation of the environment. The properties of materials are changed by changing their size to nano. The use of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles is described as a new protection strategy of the plant and induces a plant defense response. For this purpose, to study the effect of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles on the physiologic indexes and biochemical activities in basil of keshkeni luvelou cultivar, an experiment was performed based on a completely randomized design with four replications at four levels of 0.10, 50, 100mg/l in the greenhouse. The results showed that different growth indices such as root and stem length and diameter, fresh and dry weight of roots, shoots, and leaf area increased by 5% compared to the control and the highest increase was reported at 50ppm. Data analysis showed that the effect of different treatments on the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, peroxidase enzymes, malondialdehyde content, and ion leakage of roots and leaves were significantly increased (P≤5%) compared to the control. Membrane stability index was assessed by measuring the electrolyte leakage of leaves and roots. A significant reduction (P≤5%) of ion leakage and malondialdehyde of roots and leaves was observed in the treatment of 50mg/l nano-beta cyclodextrin which indicates an increase in enzyme activity. With the entrance of nanoparticles into agriculture can minimize the scope of chemical control and disruption of environmental physiological practices. The trend of changes in physiological and biochemical parameters studied in the present study are relatively reliable indicators to introduce the best concentration of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles for basil.
Akhtar, M.J., Ahamed, M., Kumar, S., Khan, M.A.M., Ahmad, J. and Alrokayan, S.A. (2012). Zinc oxide nanoparticles selectively induce apoptosis in human cancer cells through reactive oxygen species. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 7: 845.
Akram, M. S., Athar, H. R.and Ashraf, M. (2007). Improving growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by foliar application of potassium hydroxide (KOH) under salt stress. Pak. J. Bot, 39(3): 769–776.
Almagro, L. and Pedreño, M.Á. (2020). Use of cyclodextrins to improve the production of plant bioactive compounds. Phytochemistry Reviews, 1–20.
Alscher, R.G., Erturk, N. and Heath, L.S. (2002). Role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in controlling oxidative stress in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany. 53(372): 1331–1341.
Anjum, S., Anjum, I., Hano, C. and Kousar, S. (2019). Advances in nanomaterials as novel elicitors of pharmacologically active plant specialized metabolites: current status and future outlooks. RSC Advances. 9(69): 40404–40423.
Annamalai, S., Santhanam, M., Selvaraj, S., Sundaram, M., Pandian, K. and Pazos, M. (2018). “Green technology”: Bio-stimulation by an electric field for textile reactive dye contaminated agricultural soil. Science of the Total Environment. 624: 1649–1657.
Ashraf, M. and Ali, Q. (2008). Relative membrane permeability and activities of some antioxidant enzymes as the key determinants of salt tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany. 63(1–3): 266–273.
Ben Dkhil, B., Denden, M. and others. (2012). Effect of salt stress on growth, anthocyanins, membrane permeability and chlorophyll fluorescence of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seedlings. American Journal of Plant Physiology. 7(4): 174–183.
Cai, Z., Kastell, A., Knorr, D. and Smetanska, I. (2012). Exudation: an expanding technique for continuous production and release of secondary metabolites from plant cell suspension and hairy root cultures. Plant Cell Reports. 31(3): 461–477.
Çelikel, F.G. and Reid, M.S. (2002). Postharvest handling of stock (Matthiola incana). HortScience. 37(1): 144–147.
Chance, B. (1995). Spectrophotometric examination of tissue of small dimension. Google Patents.
Dhindsa, R. S., Plumb-Dhindsa, P. and Thorpe, T.A. (1981). Leaf senescence: correlated with increased levels of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Journal of Experimental Botany. 32(1): 93–101.
Gill, S.S. and Tuteja, N. (2010). Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 48(12): 909–930.
Israr, M. and Sahi, S.V. (2006). Antioxidative responses to mercury in the cell cultures of Sesbania drummondii. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 44(10): 590–595.
Jaleel, C.A., Gopi, R., Sankar, B., Manivannan, P., Kishorekumar, A., Sridharan, R. and Panneerselvam, R. (2007). Studies on germination, seedling vigour, lipid peroxidation and proline metabolism in Catharanthus roseus seedlings under salt stress. South African Journal of Botany. 73(2): 190–195.
Kar, S. and Kavdia, M. (2011). Modeling of biopterin-dependent pathways of eNOS for nitric oxide and superoxide production. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 51(7): 1411–1427.
Katsuhara, M., Otsuka, T. and Ezaki, B. (2005). Salt stress-induced lipid peroxidation is reduced by glutathione S-transferase, but this reduction of lipid peroxides is not enough for a recovery of root growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Science. 169(2): 369–373.
Koroi, S.A.A. (1989). Gelektrophers tissue and spectral photometris chon under change Zomeinfiussdr temperature and structure Peroxidase isoenzyme. Physiology Vegetation. 20: 15–23.
Labra, M., Miele, M., Ledda, B., Grassi, F., Mazzei, M. and Sala, F. (2004). Morphological characterization, essential oil composition and DNA genotyping of Ocimum basilicum L. cultivars. Plant Science. 167(4): 725–731.
Lata, C., Jha, S., Dixit, V., Sreenivasulu, N. and Prasad, M. (2011). Differential antioxidative responses to dehydration-induced oxidative stress in core set of foxtail millet cultivars [Setaria italica (L.)]. Protoplasma. 248(4): 817–828.
Li, Z., Li, H., Wang, C., Xu, J., Singh, V., Chen, D. and Zhang, J. (2016). Sodium dodecyl sulfate/β-cyclodextrin vesicles embedded in chitosan gel for insulin delivery with pH-selective release. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 6(4): 344–351.
Meloni, D.A., Oliva, M.A., Martinez, C.A. and Cambraia, J. (2003). Photosynthesis and activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase in cotton under salt stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 49(1): 69–76.
Montiel, G., Zarei, A., Körbes, A.P. and Memelink, J. (2011). The jasmonate-responsive element from the ORCA3 promoter from Catharanthus roseus is active in Arabidopsis and is controlled by the transcription factor AtMYC2. Plant and Cell Physiology. 52(3): 578–587.
Mphahlele, K., Onyango, M.S. and Mhlanga, S.D. (2015). Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics of the sorption of bisphenol a onto N-CNTs-[beta]-cyclodextrin and FE/N-CNTs-[beta]-cyclodextrin nanocomposites. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2015.
Omidbaigi, R. (1997). Approaches to production and processing of medicinal plants, vol. 2. Tarrahane Nashr Public, Tehran. 14: 70–78.
Omidbaigi, R., Hassani, A. and Sefidkon, F. (2003). Essential oil content and composition of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) at different irrigation regimes. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants. 6(2): 104–108.
Pisoschi, A.M., Pop, A., Cimpeanu, C., Turcu\cs, V., Predoi, G. and Iordache, F. (2018). Nanoencapsulation techniques for compounds and products with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity-A critical view. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.
Reynolds, M., Foulkes, M. J., Slafer, G. A., Berry, P., Parry, M. A. J., Snape, J. W. and Angus, W. J. (2009). Raising yield potential in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany. 60(7): 1899–1918.
Sairam, R.K., Rao, K.V. and Srivastava, G.C. (2002). Differential response of wheat genotypes to long term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science. 163(5): 1037–1046.
Scrinis, G. and Lyons, K. (2007). The emerging nano-corporate paradigm: nanotechnology and the transformation of nature, food and agri-food systems. International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food. 15(2): 22–44.
Simon, J.E., Quinn, J., Murray, R.G. and others. (1990). Basil: a source of essential oils. Advances in New Crops. 484–489.
Szejtli, J., nee Erdosi, M. T. and Tetenyi, P. (1981). Method for the control of germination of plant seeds and growth of the seedlings. Google Patents.
Türkan, I., Bor, M., Özdemir, F. and Koca, H. (2005). Differential responses of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in the leaves of drought-tolerant P. acutifolius Gray and drought-sensitive P. vulgaris L. subjected to polyethylene glycol mediated water stress. Plant Science. 168(1): 223–231.
Zeid, I.M. and Shedeed, Z.A. (2006). Response of alfalfa to putrescine treatment under drought stress. Biologia Plantarum. 50(4): 635.
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Akhtar, M.J., Ahamed, M., Kumar, S., Khan, M.A.M., Ahmad, J. and Alrokayan, S.A. (2012). Zinc oxide nanoparticles selectively induce apoptosis in human cancer cells through reactive oxygen species. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 7: 845.
Akram, M. S., Athar, H. R.and Ashraf, M. (2007). Improving growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by foliar application of potassium hydroxide (KOH) under salt stress. Pak. J. Bot, 39(3): 769–776.
Almagro, L. and Pedreño, M.Á. (2020). Use of cyclodextrins to improve the production of plant bioactive compounds. Phytochemistry Reviews, 1–20.
Alscher, R.G., Erturk, N. and Heath, L.S. (2002). Role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in controlling oxidative stress in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany. 53(372): 1331–1341.
Anjum, S., Anjum, I., Hano, C. and Kousar, S. (2019). Advances in nanomaterials as novel elicitors of pharmacologically active plant specialized metabolites: current status and future outlooks. RSC Advances. 9(69): 40404–40423.
Annamalai, S., Santhanam, M., Selvaraj, S., Sundaram, M., Pandian, K. and Pazos, M. (2018). “Green technology”: Bio-stimulation by an electric field for textile reactive dye contaminated agricultural soil. Science of the Total Environment. 624: 1649–1657.
Ashraf, M. and Ali, Q. (2008). Relative membrane permeability and activities of some antioxidant enzymes as the key determinants of salt tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany. 63(1–3): 266–273.
Ben Dkhil, B., Denden, M. and others. (2012). Effect of salt stress on growth, anthocyanins, membrane permeability and chlorophyll fluorescence of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seedlings. American Journal of Plant Physiology. 7(4): 174–183.
Cai, Z., Kastell, A., Knorr, D. and Smetanska, I. (2012). Exudation: an expanding technique for continuous production and release of secondary metabolites from plant cell suspension and hairy root cultures. Plant Cell Reports. 31(3): 461–477.
Çelikel, F.G. and Reid, M.S. (2002). Postharvest handling of stock (Matthiola incana). HortScience. 37(1): 144–147.
Chance, B. (1995). Spectrophotometric examination of tissue of small dimension. Google Patents.
Dhindsa, R. S., Plumb-Dhindsa, P. and Thorpe, T.A. (1981). Leaf senescence: correlated with increased levels of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Journal of Experimental Botany. 32(1): 93–101.
Gill, S.S. and Tuteja, N. (2010). Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 48(12): 909–930.
Israr, M. and Sahi, S.V. (2006). Antioxidative responses to mercury in the cell cultures of Sesbania drummondii. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 44(10): 590–595.
Jaleel, C.A., Gopi, R., Sankar, B., Manivannan, P., Kishorekumar, A., Sridharan, R. and Panneerselvam, R. (2007). Studies on germination, seedling vigour, lipid peroxidation and proline metabolism in Catharanthus roseus seedlings under salt stress. South African Journal of Botany. 73(2): 190–195.
Kar, S. and Kavdia, M. (2011). Modeling of biopterin-dependent pathways of eNOS for nitric oxide and superoxide production. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 51(7): 1411–1427.
Katsuhara, M., Otsuka, T. and Ezaki, B. (2005). Salt stress-induced lipid peroxidation is reduced by glutathione S-transferase, but this reduction of lipid peroxides is not enough for a recovery of root growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Science. 169(2): 369–373.
Koroi, S.A.A. (1989). Gelektrophers tissue and spectral photometris chon under change Zomeinfiussdr temperature and structure Peroxidase isoenzyme. Physiology Vegetation. 20: 15–23.
Labra, M., Miele, M., Ledda, B., Grassi, F., Mazzei, M. and Sala, F. (2004). Morphological characterization, essential oil composition and DNA genotyping of Ocimum basilicum L. cultivars. Plant Science. 167(4): 725–731.
Lata, C., Jha, S., Dixit, V., Sreenivasulu, N. and Prasad, M. (2011). Differential antioxidative responses to dehydration-induced oxidative stress in core set of foxtail millet cultivars [Setaria italica (L.)]. Protoplasma. 248(4): 817–828.
Li, Z., Li, H., Wang, C., Xu, J., Singh, V., Chen, D. and Zhang, J. (2016). Sodium dodecyl sulfate/β-cyclodextrin vesicles embedded in chitosan gel for insulin delivery with pH-selective release. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 6(4): 344–351.
Meloni, D.A., Oliva, M.A., Martinez, C.A. and Cambraia, J. (2003). Photosynthesis and activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase in cotton under salt stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 49(1): 69–76.
Montiel, G., Zarei, A., Körbes, A.P. and Memelink, J. (2011). The jasmonate-responsive element from the ORCA3 promoter from Catharanthus roseus is active in Arabidopsis and is controlled by the transcription factor AtMYC2. Plant and Cell Physiology. 52(3): 578–587.
Mphahlele, K., Onyango, M.S. and Mhlanga, S.D. (2015). Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics of the sorption of bisphenol a onto N-CNTs-[beta]-cyclodextrin and FE/N-CNTs-[beta]-cyclodextrin nanocomposites. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2015.
Omidbaigi, R. (1997). Approaches to production and processing of medicinal plants, vol. 2. Tarrahane Nashr Public, Tehran. 14: 70–78.
Omidbaigi, R., Hassani, A. and Sefidkon, F. (2003). Essential oil content and composition of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) at different irrigation regimes. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants. 6(2): 104–108.
Pisoschi, A.M., Pop, A., Cimpeanu, C., Turcu\cs, V., Predoi, G. and Iordache, F. (2018). Nanoencapsulation techniques for compounds and products with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity-A critical view. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.
Reynolds, M., Foulkes, M. J., Slafer, G. A., Berry, P., Parry, M. A. J., Snape, J. W. and Angus, W. J. (2009). Raising yield potential in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany. 60(7): 1899–1918.
Sairam, R.K., Rao, K.V. and Srivastava, G.C. (2002). Differential response of wheat genotypes to long term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science. 163(5): 1037–1046.
Scrinis, G. and Lyons, K. (2007). The emerging nano-corporate paradigm: nanotechnology and the transformation of nature, food and agri-food systems. International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food. 15(2): 22–44.
Simon, J.E., Quinn, J., Murray, R.G. and others. (1990). Basil: a source of essential oils. Advances in New Crops. 484–489.
Szejtli, J., nee Erdosi, M. T. and Tetenyi, P. (1981). Method for the control of germination of plant seeds and growth of the seedlings. Google Patents.
Türkan, I., Bor, M., Özdemir, F. and Koca, H. (2005). Differential responses of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in the leaves of drought-tolerant P. acutifolius Gray and drought-sensitive P. vulgaris L. subjected to polyethylene glycol mediated water stress. Plant Science. 168(1): 223–231.
Zeid, I.M. and Shedeed, Z.A. (2006). Response of alfalfa to putrescine treatment under drought stress. Biologia Plantarum. 50(4): 635.
