تأثیر ورمی کمپوست و چای کمپوست بر عملکرد و جذب نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم نعنای آبی ( .Mentha aquatica L) تحت تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا Glomus moseae
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
مصطفی کوزه گر کالجی
1
,
محمد رضا اردکانی
2
1 - گروه زراعت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران
2 - گروه زراعت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران
کلید واژه: کود زیستی, محلول پاشی, گیاه دارویی, سطح برگ, غذای محلی,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی اثر چای کمپوست، ورمی کمپوست (به‌عنوان کوهای آلی) و همزیستی میکوریزایی بر اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد نعنای آبی آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار در سال 1393 در ساری اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل میکوریزا گونه Glomus moseae (صفر و 10 درصد حجم گلدان)، ورمی کمپوست (صفر و 10 درصد حجم گلدان) و چای کمپوست (صفر و 5/1 لیتر) بود. صفاتی از قبیل شاخص‌های رشد و میزان نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم اندام‌های هوایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد تیمارهای کود آلی و میکوریزا تاثیر معنی‌دار بر وزن خشک و تر و قطر گل داشتند و کلیه صفات مورد بررسی را در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش دادند. به‌طوری که بیشترین قطر گل،میزان نیتروژن و فسفر از تیمار میکوریزا + چای کمپوست + ورمی کمپوست به‌دست آمد. اثرات متقابل سه گانه نشان داد عدم کاربرد چای کمپوست × کاربرد ورمی کمپوست × همزیستی میکوریزایی سطح برگ را نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. نتایجتحقیق حاضر نشان داد کاربرد ورمی کمپوست، چای کمپوست و همزیستی میکوریزایی از طریق در دسترس قرار دادن عناصر غذایی باعث افزایش اجزای عملکرد و بهبود صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه نعنای آبی گردید.
In order to evaluate the effect of compost tea, vermicomposting (as organic fertilizers), and mycorrhizal symbiosis on Mentha aquatica yield and its components, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in 2015 in Sari. The factors examined included mycorrhizal Glomus moseae (0 and 10% of the pot volume), vermicomposting (0 and 10% of the pot volume), and compost tea (at 0 and 1.5 liter). Some characteristics such as growth indices, amount of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in shoots were examined. The results of the study showed that organic fertilizers and mycorrhizal fungi had a significant impact on all measured characteristics and increased dry and fresh weight and flower diameter characteristics when compared with those of the control group so that the highest leaf area, flower diameter, and nitrogen and phosphorus contents were obtained from the mycorrhizal fungi + compost tea + vermicomposting treatment. The triple interaction effects showed that the absence of compost tea, vermicomposting and mycorrhizae symbiosis treatments increased the leaf area compared to the control. The results indicated that using vermicomposting, compost tea, and mycorrhizal symbiosis through the availability of nutrients increases the yield and improves the quantity and quality of Mentha aquatica harvest.
Amiri, M.B., Resvani Moghadam, P., Ghorbani, R., Falahi, J., Dihimfard, R. and Flahpor, F.( 2013). By seed inoculation effects of biofertilizers on growth characteristics and cultivars in the green In greenhouse. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research.11(1): 64-72.
Arancon, N.C., Edwards, A., Bierman, P., Welch., C. and Metzger., J.D. (2004). Influences of vermi composts on field strawberries: 1. Effects on growth and yields. Bioresource Technology. 93:145-153.
Arguello, J.A., Ledesma., A., Nunez, S.B., Rodriguez, C.H. and Goldfarb, M.D.D. (2006). Vermicompost effects on bulbing dynamics, nonstructural carbohydrate content, yield, and quality of Rosado paraguayo garlic bulbs. Horticulture Science. 41(3): 589-592.
Atiyeh, R.M., Lee, S., Edwards, C.A., Arancon, N.Q. and Metzger, J.D. (2002). The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm-processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource Technology. 84: 7-14.
Azizi, M., Rezvani, F., Hasan zadeh, M., Lakzian, A. and Nemati., H. (2008). Effects of various vermicompost and irrigation levels on morphological and essence yield of Matricaria recutita L. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research. 24 (1):82-93. (In Persian).
Azizi, M., Baghani, M., Lakzian, A. and Aroei, H.( 2005). Effect of vermicompost and vermiwash foliar application on morphological characters and active ingredients content basil (Ocimum basilicum). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 21(2): 41-52. (In Persian).
Bremner, J.M. and Mulvaney, C.S. (1982). Nitrogen-Total. In: Page, A.L., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Madison. 595-624.
Bigonah, R., Rezvani Moghadam, P. and Jahan, M.( 2015). Effect of different fertilizer management on certain quantitative and qualitative properties of medicinal plants Coriandrum sativum L. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research.12(4): 574-581.
Daei. G., Ardakani, M.R., Rejali, F., Teimuri, S. and Miransari, M. (2009). Alleviation of salinity stress on wheat yield,yield components, and nutrient uptake using Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under field conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology. 166: 617-625.
Emami, A. (1996). Methods of chemical analysis of plant. Technical publication, No. 982, (Vol.1). Soil and Water Research Institute. Tehran.p.91-128. (In Persian).
Farzaneh, M., Wichmann, S., Vierheilig, H. and Kaul, H.P. (2009). The effects of Arbuscular mycorrhiza and nitrogen nutrition on growth of chickpea and barley. Pflanzenbauwissenschaft-en. 13(1): 15-22.
Griffe, P., Metha, S. and Shankar, D. (2003). Organic production of medicinal, Aromatic and Dye-yielding Plants (MADPs): Forward, Preface and Introduction. FAO.
Jesus, D.L. (2003). Effect of artificial polyploidy in transformed roots of Artemisia annua L. A thesis in Biotechnology of Woreester polytechnic Institute, for the Degree of Master of Science in Biotechnology. 111p.
Kapoor, R., Giri, B. and Mukerji, K.G. (2004). Improved growth and essential oil yield and quality in Foeniculum vulgare Mill on mycorrhizal inoculation supplemented with P-fertilizer. Bioresource Technology. 93: 307–311.
Kamkar, A., Jebelli Javan, A., Asadi, F. and Kamalinejad, M .(2010).The antioxidative effect of Iranian Mentha pulegium extracts and essential oil in sunflower oil. Food Chemical Toxicology. 48: 1796-1800.
Karimi, K., Boland Nazar, S.A. and Ashori, S. (2013). Effect of biofertilizers and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on yield and quality of green beans. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 23(3):158-166
Koozehgar kaleji, M. and Ardakani, MR. (2016). Evaluation particularity of morphological traits of Eryngium caeruleum as effected use biofertilizer and various levels of plant densities . Global conference on new approaches in Agriculture and Environment with the focus on Sustainable Development and Safe Production , Shiraz , 28 January .
Koozehgar Kaleji, M., Ardakani, M.R., Rezvani M. and Zaefarian, F. (2014). Evaluation particularity of morphological traits of Eryngium caeruleum Mycorrhizal symbiosis, Azotobacterand various levels of plant densities. The first meeting of the new electronic environment and ecosystems, Agricultural, electronic, Renewable Energy and Environmental Research Institute of Tehran University,http://www.civilica.com/Paper-AGROCONGRESS01- 295.html.
Nemati Darbandi, H., Azizi, M., Mohamadi, S. and Karimpor, S. (2014). The effect of spraying with different concentrations of vermicompost (Vermiwash) on the morphological traits, yield and percentage of essential oil of Melissa officinalis. Journal of Horticultural Science. 27(4): 411-417.
Nemati Darbandi, H., Azizi, M., Mohamadi, S. and Karim Poor, S. (2012). Study effect solution spraying vermicompost with different concentration morphological characteristics, percentage and oil yield of Lemonbalm (Melissa officinallis). Journal of Horticultural Science. 411-417. (in Farsi)
Sajadi, S.E., Naderi, G. and Ziaee, R. (2004). Antioxidant effects of selected medicinal plants of of Labiatae family. Journal Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. 8(2): 1-12 [in Persian].
Saleh Rastin, N. (2001). Biofertilizers and their role in order to reach to sustainable agriculture. A Compilation of Papers of Necessity for the Production of Biofertilizers in Iran. 1-54 pp.
Sanchez, G.E., Carballo, G.C. and Ramos, G.S.R. (2008). Influence of organic manures and biofertilizers on the quality of two Plantaginaceae: Plantago major L. and Plantago lanceolata L. Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales. 13(1): 12- 15.
Taher, T., Golchin, A., Shafiei, S. and Sayfzadeh, S. (2013). Effect of nitrogen and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on growth and quantitative traits of tuberose (Polianthes tuberose L.). Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture. 4(16) :41-50.
Toussaint, J.P., Smith, F.A. and Smith, S.E. (2007). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can induce the production of phytochemicals in sweet basil irrespective of phosphorus nutrition. Mycorrhiza 17(4): 291-297.
Zaller, J.G. (2007). Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: Effects on germination, biomass allocation, yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties. Scientica Horticulturae. 112: 191-199.
_||_
